scholarly journals Assessment of anxiety and depression status among health care workers from Baghdad post cure from COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
AbdulGhani Sadoon Hamdan ◽  
Osamah Abbas Jaber ◽  
Ghsoon Harbi Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Psychological Impacts ◽  
Health Directorate ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus officially recognized as SARS-CoV2, first emerged in Wuhan, China, has allowed COVID-19 to rapidly spread. The WHO declared the global pandemic of COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. Early evaluation of the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) and consideration of effective therapeutic strategies is important. OBJECTIVE: To assess the mental status (depression and anxiety) among HCWs and identify the association between depression, anxiety levels and (certain demographic factors and other factors). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on data collected from 11th-17th Jan 2021 by an electronic questionnaire. All HCWs of all age groups working at health facilities belong to Al-Resafa health directorate diagnosed as COVID-19 and then get cured were included. RESULTS: The mean age ± SD of the HCWs = 35.5±9.9 yrs., 61.0% females. Regarding depression 29.7% of HCWs were normal and 43.2% their anxiety level was normal. Depression and anxiety were statistically significantly associated with institution type, gender, job title, smoking status, hospital admission, oxygen use, O2 saturation level<93% and getting COVID-19 infection more than one time. CONCLUSION: The proportion of HCWs showing high psychological impacts is alarmingly high. Indeed, despite the severity of the psychological impacts in all HCWs, governmental psychological assistance was present for 80.2% of the sample.  Special interventions to improve mental well-being in HCWs exposed to COVID-19 have to be immediately implemented.  

scholarly journals Psychometric Analysis of Undergraduate Nursing Students using Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale:A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Chouhan ◽  
Akriti Gupta ◽  
Ruchi Singh ◽  
Anzar B Alvi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing Students ◽  
Undergraduate Nursing ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Introduction: Students at nursing colleges encounter not only issues associated to individual life, but also learning difficulties. The rigor in professional training may predispose them to depression, anxiety and stress. Aim: To investigate the prevalence and psychometric condition such as depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in undergraduate nursing students. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 387 female nursing students, aged between 18-27 years (21.16±1.52) from AIIMS, Bhopal and Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. They were analysed using Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42). This self-administered anonymous questionnaire was distributed through ‘WhatsApp’ web and e-mail, in the form of “Google form” to all the enrolled students. The Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and Statistical Package for The Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analysed the data using percentages. Results: The questionnaire was filled by 223 out of 387 students. The response rate was 57.62 percent. The mean age of the respondents were 21.16 years (±1.52 years). The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress prevalence were 36.7%, 49.33% and 34.98%, respectively. In the depression and anxiety traits, majority of students were in moderate stage (14.35%, 21.08%), while in stress, majority (17.04%) of students were in mild stage. Spearman correlation found a significant moderate positive relationship between depression and anxiety (r=0.592, p<0.001), depression and stress (r=0.578, p<0.001), anxiety and stress (r=0.652, p<0.001). Conclusion: Among the undergraduate nursing students, depression, anxiety and stress was found to be remarkable. Hence, it is necessary to enhance mental well-being among nursing students. The results allow for anxiety control screening measures and expanded rehabilitation and treatment to be initiated for the students.

scholarly journals Global Imperative of Suicidal Ideation in 10 Countries Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teris Cheung ◽  
Simon Ching Lam ◽  
Paul Hong Lee ◽  
Yu Tao Xiang ◽  
Paul Siu Fai Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk

Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has had a detrimental impact on individuals' psychological well-being; however, a multi-country comparison on the prevalence of suicidal ideation due to the virus is still lacking.Objectives: To examine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among the general population across 10 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study which used convenience sampling and collected data by conducting an online survey. Participants were sourced from 10 Eastern and Western countries. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure the outcome variable of suicidal ideation. Ordinal regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors associated with suicidal ideation.Results: A total of 25,053 participants (22.7% male) were recruited. Results from the analysis showed that the UK and Brazil had the lowest odds of suicidal ideation compared to Macau (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, younger age, male, married, and differences in health beliefs were significantly associated with suicidal ideation (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for joint international collaboration to formulate effective suicide prevention strategies in a timely manner and the need to implement online mental health promotion platforms. In doing so, the potential global rising death rates by suicide during the pandemic can be reduced.

scholarly journals The Study of Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety in Undergraduate Medical Students – A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar A G ◽  
Shivaramu M G ◽  
Kumar U
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Medical Undergraduate

Depression and anxiety with other phobic and behavioral disorders manifest as a continuum of spectrum of psychiatric disorders, with social phobia being an important subset and particular type of anxiety disorder almost predominantly having its onset in adolescence. Depression and anxiety also have certain common biological underpinnings. Moreover, these comorbid disorders overlap with each other in many aspects. A cross-sectional study was done among medical undergraduate students in Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, BG Nagara, Nagamangala Taluk, from April 2020 to June 2020. The study comprised 100 students. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographic profile, depression, anxiety symptoms, social phobia, and their determinants. In the present study, out of 100 participants, 63 students had depression, mild mood disturbance was the most common type (31 students) followed by borderline depression in 17 students and moderate depression in 13 students. Two students complained of severe depression. Out of 33 students who had anxiety, mild anxiety was the most common type (18 students) followed by moderate anxiety in 11 students and severe anxiety was complained by 4 students. Our study highlights the fact that there is a prevalence of mild-to-moderate depression among students in our considered area and these findings necessitate the incorporation of various health-care interventions at the schooling level such as student counseling services offering mental health assistance to improve their overall well-being and personality from a young age.

scholarly journals The Public’s Perception of the Severity and Global Impact at the Start of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Crowdsourcing-Based Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orr Shauly ◽  
Gregory Stone ◽  
Daniel Gould
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Sectional Analysis

BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a rapidly developing threat to most people in the United States and abroad. The behaviors of the public are important to understand, as they may have a tremendous impact on the course of this novel coronavirus pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study intends to assess the US population’s perception and knowledge of the virus as a threat and the behaviors of the general population in response. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with random volunteers recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk, an internet crowdsourcing service, on March 24, 2020. RESULTS A total of 969 participants met the inclusion criteria. It was found that the perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly differed between age groups (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and men and women (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). A majority of study participants were actively adhering to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Though many participants identified COVID-19 as a threat, many failed to place themselves appropriately in the correct categories with respect to risk. This may indicate a need for additional public education for appropriately defining the risk of this novel pandemic.

scholarly journals Association between Smoking and Dental Caries among People of Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Yojana B Patil ◽  
Sachin V Shinde ◽  
Afshan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dmft Index

INTRODUCTION: Smoking as a public health problem, harms one’s general and oral well-being leading to increased morbidity and mortality.AIM: To find out the association between dental caries and smokers (current and past) with non-smokers among people of Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 1366 (449 smokers, 440 past smokers and 447 non-smokers), and the patients were divided among three age groups (35-44, 45-60 and >60 years). Data was recorded using a pre-tested, pre-validated questionnaire recording the demographic details and modified DMFT index. The data was analyzed using t- test, calculation of Odd’s Ratio (OR) and logistic regression was applied to find out association, if any using a licensed SPSS version 22.0.RESULTS: It was revealed that the highest mean DMFT was seen among smokers (3.66±5.78) followed by past smokers(3.01±2.66) and non-smokers (3.01±2.66). Also, the maximum DMFT was seen among 35-44 years (3.82±2.4), which was found out to be significant as compared to past -smokers and non-smokers. Odd’s ratio analysis revealed that as compared to non-smokers, current smokers and past smokers were 1.6 and 1.1 respectively. The multiple regression analysis revealed that significant difference was seen between smoking(.01) and age (0.02) with respect to DMFT.CONCLUSION: Efforts are required by clinicians to educate people about the ill-effects of tobacco and provide tobacco cessation counselling to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality caused by tobacco.

scholarly journals Feelings reported by adolescents after food ingestion: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. e020014
Author(s):  
Naíza Carvalho Rodrigues ◽  
Marize Melo dos Santos ◽  
Suzana Maria Rebêlo Sampaio da Paz ◽  
Adriana de Azevedo Paiva ◽  
Thaís Rodrigues Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Type Of School

Introduction: Food is closely linked with emotions in a complex relationship. The imaginary and symbolic meaning attributed to food has been little studied and the act of eating needs to be better understood. Objective: To analyze the association of adolescents´ feelings to selected foods. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 995 adolescents from public and private schools in Teresina, PI, Brazil. It was a Supplementary Project to the Brazilian national survey ERICA (Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes). Adolescents had to choose one of the following feelings to selected food: well-being/satisfaction, malaise, no feeling, aversion. For the option aversion, the participant had to indicate if it was related to smell, color, appearance, or taste. Adolescents´ feelings to foods were analyzed by type of school, sex, and age range, using Pearson's chi-square (c²) or Fisher's exact tests. Results: There was significant differences regarding the type of school for the feeling to chocolate (p=0.015); vegetables (p=0.003); leafy greens (p=0.005); healthy sandwich/natural fruit juice (p≤0.001); high fat red meat (p=0.046); fruit/natural fruit juice (p≤0.001). For sex, there was significant difrerences for healthy sandwich/natural fruit juice (p=0.001); beans and rice (p=0.021) and high fat red meat (p=0.005). There was significant differences between age groups for sandwich, chips, soda and ice cream (p=0.018); pasta (p=0.047) and high fat red meat (p=0.021). Well-being predominated in almost all foods and aversion was poorly reported. Conclusion: The results suggest that adolescents' feelings are not directed to specific foods.

scholarly journals P.073 The Effect of Cancer on The Prevalence Of Stroke Survivorship In Canada – A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (s3) ◽  
pp. S39-S40
Author(s):  
R Lun ◽  
J Shaw ◽  
DC Roy ◽  
Y Chen ◽  
D Dowlatshahi
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Cancer

Background: In Canada, it’s unknown if the prevalence of stroke survivorship differs in the population with active cancer compared to those without cancer. Methods: We analyzed the 2015-2016 iteration of the Canadian Community Health Survey. The prevalence of stroke survivorship was compared across risk factors using descriptive statistics. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between cancer and prevalence of stroke survivorship. Covariates were assessed for effect modification and confounding using the maximum likelihood estimation method. Results: We analyzed 89,285 subjects. The prevalence of cancer and the prevalence of suffering from the effects of a stroke were 2.09% and 1.56%, respectively. Cancer was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of stroke survivorship with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.56 (95%CI: 1.24 – 1.98) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, education, household income, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes. The association was stronger in younger age groups: the youngest age group (18 – 49 years) had the highest OR (6.49, 95%CI:2.01 – 20.94) for suffering from the effects of a stroke in association with the presence of cancer. Conclusions: In Canada, the presence of active cancer increases the odds of suffering from the effects of a stroke, particularly in the youngest age group.

scholarly journals Measuring the Factors of Hesitancy in Saudi Population toward COVID-19 Vaccines

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (29) ◽  
pp. 16-38
Author(s):  
Roba Attar ◽  
◽  
Alaa Karkashan ◽  
Basma Abbas ◽  
Abdullatif Almarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Groups

COVID-19 has major effects on the population, enforcing lockdowns and strict precautions across the world to deter the virus from spreading. The pandemic presents a significant threat to our health and well-being. As vaccines become available, COVID-19 lethality may be reduced by promoting widespread immunization. To achieve herd immunity thresholds for COVID-19, an estimated 70% of the population must be vaccinated. The public’s approval determines the success of the vaccination program. Understanding the factors that contribute to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is important. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted on the Saudi population from all the regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to evaluate the level of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines, estimate the turnout level for receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, and understand the reasons behind hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 1,148 adults completed a web-based questionnaire, and the study tested several sociocultural and environmental variables that affect the community’s hesitancy toward vaccination. Results showed that gender characteristics had almost no effect on acceptance of the vaccination. Individuals of the younger age group < 30 demonstrated an increase in the rate of vaccine hesitancy (53%) compared with individuals from the older age groups > 40 (34.43%). In addition, middle and higher education groups were found to have significant vaccine hesitancy (77.4%) compared with the less educated group (41.1%). The most common concern among the non-vaccine takers in this questionnaire was that of vaccine safety: these participants believed the vaccine would result in health problems (49.3%), and most participants agreed (64%) that this was due to the insufficient duration of vaccine administration for safety evaluation.

scholarly journals Personal and Relational Outcomes of Online Pornography Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Rodrigues ◽  
Joana Martins
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Online Pornography ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Pornography Use ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has forced the world into social isolation and confinement for health and safety reasons. Such changes affected the way people connect with each other, which had repercussions on health and well-being. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, researchers have been striving to understand the effects of the pandemic at social, personal and relational levels. Some people have experienced heightened sexual desire and made new additions to their sexual repertoire. We extended these findings by examining the personal and relational outcomes of joint and solitary online pornography use. Results from a cross-sectional study (N = 301 participants; 56.5% men; Mage = 31.36, SD = 10.57) showed that participants indicated adherence to confinement policies, changes in lifestyle, and fear of becoming infected with COVID-19. Participants also indicated decreased sexual desire since the outbreak, but also increased willingness to have sex. Results also showed that joint pornography use was associated with more sex quality and more satisfaction and intimacy with their partners, which in turn was associated with better perceived physical health and better sleep quality. The reverse pattern was found for solitary pornography use. Lastly, overall results were consistent for single and pattered people. These findings show the personal and relational benefits of using online pornography with partners use during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Professionalism among Family Medicine Residents in Al Madinah Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 946-951
Author(s):  
Sokinh Almaghaslah ◽  
Dalia Almaghaslah
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Family Medicine Residents

Abstract This was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study conducted among the medical students at UB. Background: Professionalism is the core to sustaining trust between a healthcare provider and the community. Family medicine has an important role in health promotion, prevention and is the first line care which provides service to all age groups; this cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge and attitude among family medicine residents in Al Madinah region. Methods: A structured self-administered web-based questionnaire was adapted from CanMEDs use to assess professionalism. The questionnaire contained five domains: demographics, commitment to patients, commitment to society, commitment to the profession, and commitment to self. 119 out of 161 residents at family medicine training centres in Al Madinah responded by completing the questionnaire, giving 74% response rate. There was 49% male and 51% female participants; most (47%) graduated from Taibah University, followed by 18% from Umm Al-Qura University. Results: findings of commitment towards patients indicated that 75% of participants often or always exhibited appropriate professional behaviour and relationships in all aspects of practice. More than 80% of participants often or always demonstrated a commitment to excellence in all aspects of practice. More than half (58%) of participants often or always recognised and managed conflicts of interest. Findings of commitment toward society showed that more than half (59%) of participants often or always demonstrated accountability to patients, society and the profession by responding to societal expectations of physicians always or often. Findings of commitment revealed that 68% of participants often or always fulfilled and adhered to the professional and ethical codes, standards of practice, and laws governing practice. Findings of commitment to oneself showed that 60% of residents often or always exhibited self-awareness and managed influences on personal well-being and professional performance. About two-thirds (65%) often or always managed personal and professional demands for a sustainable practice.

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