Mutual inductance calculation of the one-primary multiple-secondary coil system

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 807-816
Author(s):  
Zijian Zhang ◽  
Kai Shang ◽  
Yunpeng Du ◽  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Yangyang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Mutual Inductance ◽  
Secondary Coil ◽  
Field Calculation ◽  
Coil System ◽  
Time Harmonic ◽  
The One

It is of great significance to accurately calculate the mutual inductance of one-primary multiple-secondary coil system (OPMSC) in order to improve energy transmission efficiency, measurement accuracy of magnetic sensor, etc. In this paper, a method based on time harmonic field to calculate such mutual inductance is proposed. Both the high frequency alternating current model and the time-harmonic electromagnetic field calculation method are used to ensure engineering practicability of the method. The current of each coil and the relative position between coils are considered in the proposed method. Moreover, according to the full derivation of a new analytical method. the extremum phenomenon of mutual inductance is described. And this method is verified by both finite element simulations and experiments, which proves that the method is effective for optimizing the relative position of the multiple coils when mutual influence among all the coils is taken into account.

scholarly journals NeuroTec Sitem-Insel Bern: Closing the Last Mile in Neurology

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Kaspar A. Schindler ◽  
Tobias Nef ◽  
Maxime O. Baud ◽  
Athina Tzovara ◽  
Gürkan Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Sleep Studies ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
The One ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Digital Biomarkers

Neurology is focused on a model where patients receive their care through repeated visits to clinics and doctor’s offices. Diagnostic tests often require expensive and specialized equipment that are only available in clinics. However, this current model has significant drawbacks. First, diagnostic tests, such as daytime EEG and sleep studies, occur under artificial conditions in the clinic, which may mask or wrongly emphasize clinically important features. Second, early detection and high-quality management of chronic neurological disorders require repeat measurements to accurately capture the dynamics of the disease process, which is impractical to execute in the clinic for economical and logistical reasons. Third, clinic visits remain inaccessible to many patients due to geographical and economical circumstances. Fourth, global disruptions to daily life, such as the one caused by COVID-19, can seriously harm patients if access to in-person clinical visits for diagnostic and treatment purposes is throttled. Thus, translating diagnostic and treatment procedures to patients’ homes will convey multiple substantial benefits and has the potential to substantially improve clinical outcomes while reducing cost. NeuroTec was founded to accelerate the re-imagining of neurology and to promote the convergence of technological, scientific, medical and societal processes. The goal is to identify and validate new digital biomarkers that can close the last mile in neurology by enabling the translation of personalized diagnostics and therapeutic interventions from the clinic to the patient’s home.

The chemistry of pyrrolic compounds. XLII. The synthesis of some diacetyldeuteroporphyrins as intermediates in the preparation of the isomeric protoporphyrins: a comparative spectroscopic study of the diacetyldeuteroporphyrins

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Clezy ◽  
CJR Fookes
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Electronic Spectrum ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Oxidative Cyclization ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Absorption Pattern ◽  
The One ◽  
Carbonyl Function

A range of isomeric diacetyldeuteroporphyrins has been synthesized by the oxidative cyclization of appropriately substituted bilenes-b, and the electronic and n.m.r. spectra of these porphyrins have been studied. As a result it has been shown that the relative position of the two acetyl groups influences the absorption pattern of the visible spectrum more precisely than was previously appreciated. In consequence, it is possible to recognize the 1,4, 2,3 and 2,4 relative distribution of the acetyl groups by an examination of the electronic spectrum. In addition, it is clear that the acetyl groups present in this series of porphyrins affect the chemical shift of all the methine protons and not only the one which is directly adjacent to the carbonyl function.

The Effect of Driving Method and Crank Arrangements on the Performance of a Reconstructed Ancient Chinese Wooden Horse Carriage

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Chen Chen ◽  
Meng-Hui Hsu ◽  
Hong-Sen Yan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Driving Torque

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of driving method and crank arrangements on the performance of a reconstructed ancient Chinese wooden horse carriage. The results demonstrate better transmission efficiency when the driving torque of wooden horse carriage acts on the crank shaft. The analysis of crank arrangements shows that the phase angle between front and rear legs on the same side should be 0 deg or 90 deg and the one between the legs on the different sides should be 180 deg. These results are beneficial to the future reconstruction of the ancient Chinese wooden horse carriage.

scholarly journals Magnetic Positioning Technique Integrated with Near-Field Communication for Wireless EV Charging

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongnan Qian ◽  
Rui Yan ◽  
Zeqian Cheng ◽  
Jiande Wu ◽  
Xiangning He
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Secondary Coil ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Position Detection ◽  
Positioning Method

For wireless electric vehicle charging, the relative position of the primary and secondary coils has significant impacts on the transferred power, efficiency and leakage magnetic flux. In this paper, a magnetic positioning method using simultaneous power and data transmission (SWPDT) is proposed for power coil alignment. Four signal coils are installed on the primary coil to detect the secondary coil position. By measuring the positioning signal amplitudes from the four signal coils, the power coil relative position can be obtained. Moreover, all the communication needed in the positioning process can be satisfied well by SWPDT technology, and no extra radio frequency (RF) communication hardware is needed. The proposed positioning method can work properly both in power transfer online condition and in power transfer offline condition. Thus, a highly integrated wireless charging system is achieved, which features simultaneous power transfer, data transmission and position detection. A positioning experimental setup is built to verify the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the positioning resolution can be maintained no lower than 1 cm in a 1060 mm × 900 mm elliptical region for a pair of 510 mm × 410 mm rectangular power coils. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy achieves up to 1 cm.

scholarly journals Theoretical Analysis of the Stationary Transport of 1:1 Salt Ions in a Cross-Section of a Desalination Channel, Taking into Account the Non-Catalytic Dissociation/Recombination Reaction of Water Molecules

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Makhamet Urtenov ◽  
Vitaly Gudza ◽  
Natalia Chubyr ◽  
Inna Shkorkina
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Double Electric Layer ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Recombination Reaction ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
The One

In electromembrane systems, the theoretical study of salt ion transport usually uses mathematical models of salt ion transport in the depleted diffusion layer of ion-exchange membranes. This study uses a one-dimensional mathematical model of salt ion transport in a cross-section of a desalination channel formed by anion-exchange and cation-exchange membranes, taking into account an effect of a dissociation/recombination reaction of water molecules. The reaction on the one hand leads to an overlimiting mass transfer due to the effect of exaltation of the limiting current. On the other hand, an appearance of new electric charge carriers (hydrogen and hydroxyl ions) can reduce the space charge that occurs in membranes and suppress an electroconvective mechanism of overlimiting transport. Thus, there is a problem of studying these phenomena together, taking into account their mutual influence, and this article is devoted to the solution of this problem. Theoretically, using a method of mathematical modeling and numerical research, main regularities are established; in particular, it is shown that the dissociation/recombination reaction of water molecules does not lead to the destruction of the double electric layer at the membranes, but also creates a new double electric layer in the middle of the desalination channel. Thus, the space charge and the dissociation/recombination reaction significantly affect each other and simultaneously the transport of salt ions.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marmodoro ◽  
Irini-Fotini Viltanioti
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
The One

This volume explores how some of the most prominent philosophers and theologians of late antiquity conceptualize the idea that the divine is powerful. The period under consideration spans roughly four centuries (from the first to the fifth CE), which are of particular interest because they ‘witness’ the successive development and mutual influence of two major strands in the history of Western thought: Neoplatonism on the one hand, and early Christian thought on the other. Representatives of Neoplatonism considered in this volume are Plotinus (...

scholarly journals Unilateral Route Method to Estimate Practical Mutual Inductance for Multi-Coil WPT System

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Seon-Jae Jeon ◽  
Sang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Dong-Wook Seo
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Mutual Inductance ◽  
New Method ◽  
Parasitic Element ◽  
Parasitic Effects

Multi-coil WPT systems require mutual inductance information between coils to increase the power transmission efficiency. However, in the high frequency (HF) bands such as 6.78 MHz and 13.56 MHz, the presence of surrounding coils changes the value of the mutual inductance between the two coils due to the parasitic element effect of the coils. These parasitic effects make it harder to estimate the mutual inductance among three or more coils. In contrast to ideal mutual inductance, which has a constant value regardless of frequency and surrounding coils, we define the practical mutual inductance as the mutual inductance varied by parasitic elements. In this paper, a new method is presented to estimate the practical mutual inductance between multiple coils in the HF band. The proposed method simply configures the expression of practical mutual inductance formula because only one of two bilateral dependent voltage sources generated by mutual inductance is considered. For several coils placed along the same axis, the practical mutual inductances between coils were measured with respect to the distance between them to validate the proposed method. The practical mutual inductance obtained from the proposed method was consistent with the simulated and measured values in HF band.

scholarly journals A Near-Shore Linear Wave Model with the Mixed Finite Volume and Finite Difference Unstructured Mesh Method

Fluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Yong G. Lai ◽  
Han Sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Finite Volume ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
The One ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Model Approach

The near-shore and estuary environment is characterized by complex natural processes. A prominent feature is the wind-generated waves, which transfer energy and lead to various phenomena not observed where the hydrodynamics is dictated only by currents. Over the past several decades, numerical models have been developed to predict the wave and current state and their interactions. Most models, however, have relied on the two-model approach in which the wave model is developed independently of the current model and the two are coupled together through a separate steering module. In this study, a new wave model is developed and embedded in an existing two-dimensional (2D) depth-integrated current model, SRH-2D. The work leads to a new wave–current model based on the one-model approach. The physical processes of the new wave model are based on the latest third-generation formulation in which the spectral wave action balance equation is solved so that the spectrum shape is not pre-imposed and the non-linear effects are not parameterized. New contributions of the present study lie primarily in the numerical method adopted, which include: (a) a new operator-splitting method that allows an implicit solution of the wave action equation in the geographical space; (b) mixed finite volume and finite difference method; (c) unstructured polygonal mesh in the geographical space; and (d) a single mesh for both the wave and current models that paves the way for the use of the one-model approach. An advantage of the present model is that the propagation of waves from deep water to shallow water in near-shore and the interaction between waves and river inflows may be carried out seamlessly. Tedious interpolations and the so-called multi-model steering operation adopted by many existing models are avoided. As a result, the underlying interpolation errors and information loss due to matching between two meshes are avoided, leading to an increased computational efficiency and accuracy. The new wave model is developed and verified using a number of cases. The verified near-shore wave processes include wave shoaling, refraction, wave breaking and diffraction. The predicted model results compare well with the analytical solution or measured data for all cases.

Bezier Curve Based Programmed Trajectory for Coordinated Motion of Two Robots in Cartesian Space

2014 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Slota
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Bézier Curve ◽  
Bezier Curve ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Coordinated Motion ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Cartesian Space ◽  
Position Errors ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
The One

Coordinated motion of two robots in Cartesian space is considered in the paper. The goal is to generate trajectories for which change of distance between points on trajectories during motion is minimal. To minimize relative position errors along trajectories an idea of corrective motion is introduced. Trajectory coordinates are calculated as the sum of programmed and corrective motions. To calculate the speed vector of the programmed motion at the current position, the speed at the closest point on the programmed trajectory is used. The closest point is defined as the one to which the distance from the current position is minimal or the programmed position at given time. In order to attract the generated trajectory to the programmed one a modification of the programmed speed vector is proposed. The described approach is verified in simulation. For simulation experiments programmed trajectories defined by Bezier curve segments are used. Simulations for different shapes of programmed trajectories and different programmed velocity rates are presented.

scholarly journals Mothers of schizophrenic patients: medical and psychological aspects of the problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
I. N. Khmaruk ◽  
V. V. Mrykhina ◽  
V. A. Soldatkin ◽  
V. V. Mrykhin ◽  
A. Ya. Perekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Therapy Strategy ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The One

Thus, we can talk about the obvious mutual influence between a child with schizophrenia and his mother. On the one hand, it can be manifested in the form of the fact that a certain number of personal characteristics of the mother is accompanied by the formation of high rates of schizoid and neurotic child. Of course, the presence of a certain psychological type of mother (as the only reason) is not enough for the emergence and development of schizophrenia, but the subsequent development of the child’s personal disorders, as a borderline between the norm and pathology, can already be the ground for the development of the disease in the presence of other more significant causes (for example, hereditary). On the other hand, the disease of the child can be a significant stress factor for the mother, leading to the formation of her manifestations of emotional stress and psychological maladjustment, which, in turn, can adversely affect not only the features of her relationship with the child, but also on the features of the course of his disease. The mechanisms of formation of such a «vicious circle» are poorly studied even theoretically, not to mention the fact that in routine psychiatric practice these issues do not fall into the focus of the psychiatrist’s attention, are not taken into account in the development of therapy strategy. However, the parameters of interaction between mother and child, the level of their mutual empathy, can be important for the formation of compliance in the treatment of schizophrenia, as the «conductor» of therapy in relation to a small patient is the mother. There is also no doubt that the level of mental health of the mother is an important resource for maintaining the viability of the whole family system and, in particular, a necessary condition for the organization of adequate therapy for a child with schizophrenia. Therefore, the study of the issues of mutual influence of the patient with schizophrenia and his mother, the development of ways to correct the problems arising in this case are an important scientific and practical task of modern psychiatry.

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