Loss reduction of outer-rotor type high-speed interior permanent magnet motors

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 861-868
Author(s):  
Sho Sakurai ◽  
Kenji Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motors ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Cooling Fan ◽  
Outer Rotor ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet ◽  
Rotor Structure

Many communication servers are being installed in order to develop information technology (IT). The servers require not only high-performance processer but also its cooling system. Among the cooling systems, a cooling fan is the most suitable due to good balance between performance and cost. In order to further improve the fan’s performance, both torque and speed of cooling fan motors are increased. However, iron loss and eddy current loss are also increased along with larger torque and higher speed, which worsens the efficiency. This paper investigates the optimum rotor structure for the fan motor in order to obtain sinusoidal flux distribution in air gap, which can reduce the iron and eddy current losses.

Development of Interior Permanent Magnet Motors with Concentrated Windings for Reducing Magnet Eddy Current Loss

2009 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 1022-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Yamazaki ◽  
Yuji Kanou ◽  
Yu Fukushima ◽  
Shunji Ohki ◽  
Akira Nezu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Eddy Current Loss ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motors ◽  
Current Loss ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet

scholarly journals Physicochemical characteristics of solid particles of contaminants in the coolant of automobile and tractor engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
S.G. Dragomirov ◽  
◽  
P.Ig. Eydel ◽  
A.Yu. Gamayunov ◽  
M.S. Dragomirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Physicochemical Interaction ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Thin Oxide Film

The article describes the results of a study of the physicochemical characteristics of solid particles of contaminants present in the coolant of automobile and tractor engines. The data on the fractional, physical and chemical composition of solid particles of contamination are given. It was established that the generalized reason for the appearance of contaminants of various nature in liquid cooling systems of engines is the physicochemical interaction of the coolant (antifreeze) with different elements and dissimilar materials of the cooling system. The use of absolutely pure coolant in the cooling systems of automobile and tractor engines is practically unrealistic, since there will always be operating conditions that contribute to the formation of contamination. A number of chemical elements (in an amount from 1 to 47% of each element) were found in the composition of solid particles of coolant contaminants: iron Fe, silicon Si, aluminum Al, lead Pb, tin Sn, zinc Zn, calcium Ca, magnesium Mg, copper Cu. In addition, at a level of less than 1.0% (wt.), Such chemical elements as potassium K, sodium Na, titanium Ti, phosphorus P, sulfur S, chromium Cr, molyb-denum Mo, chlorine Cl, iridium Ir, nickel Ni, manganese Mn, etc. were found. The most dangerous contaminants are particles of iron Fe and silicon Si, contained in the coolant in an amount of up to 47 and 37%, respectively, and possessing significant hardness and angularity. The abrasive proper-ties of Fe and Si particles create the danger of removing a thin oxide film on the inner surface of the walls of the cooling radiator channels, leading to their premature destruction. In this regard, it is concluded that high-performance engine coolant filters should be used in automobiles and tractors to remove these contaminants from the flow.

A Rational Approach to the Aerodynamics of Engine Cooling System Design

1968 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Paish
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Original System ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Test Vehicle ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
Cooling Fan

The aerodynamic inefficiencies of motor vehicle cooling systems are generally of secondary importance to their production costs. However, the advent of the inexpensive moulded fan has meant that an improvement in cooling system aerodynamics can be more readily achieved which could reduce costs and radiator sizes, with the additional benefits of predictable performance and improved economy. In the investigation described, the design objective was to meet the top gear cooling targets entirely with ram-induced airflow, and to design the engine driven fan so that it consumed negligible power for top gear conditions, whilst being capable of meeting the cooling targets in the intermediate gear ratios. The work divided itself into the following three sections: (1) The prediction and achievement of the maximum ram-induced airflows. (2) Designing the cooling fan to be effectively free-wheeling and, therefore, consuming negligible power during top gear motoring, and to measure the performance of the resulting fan throughout the ram and fan assisted airflow regimes. (3) Designing and predicting the performance of a cooling system which was subsequently built and installed in a test vehicle in order to check its performance and making an overall comparison with regard to the original system. The paper shows that the design objectives were closely achieved. The 1·7 litre test vehicle was cooled satisfactorily with a one foot square radiator with the expenditure of only 0·9 hp in the cooling system when travelling at 70 mile/h.

Reduction of Magnet Eddy-Current Loss in Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors With Concentrated Windings

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 2434-2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Yamazaki ◽  
Yuji Kanou ◽  
Yu Fukushima ◽  
Shunji Ohki ◽  
Akira Nezu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Eddy Current Loss ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motors ◽  
Current Loss ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet

A High Performance Semi-Passive Cooling System: The Pulse Thermal Loop

Volume 3 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark M. Weislogel ◽  
Michael A. Bacich
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transport ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Cooling Systems

Over the past decade, the search for and development of high performance thermal transport systems for a variety of cooling and thermal control applications have intensified. One approach employs a new semi-passive oscillatory heat transport system called the Pulse Thermal Loop (PTL). The PTL, which has only recently begun to be characterized, exploits large pressure differentials from coupled evaporators to force (pulse) fluid through the system. Driving pressures of over 1.8MPa (260psid) have been demonstrated. Other passive cooling systems, such as heat pipes and Loop Heat Pipes, are limited by capillary driving forces, typically less than 70kPa (10psid). Large driving forces can be achieved by a mechanically pumped loop, however, at the expense of increased power consumption, increased total mass, and increased system cost and complexity. The PTL can be configured in either active or semi-passive modes, it can be readily designed for large ∼ O(100kW) or small ∼ O(10W) heat loads, and it has a variety of unique performance characteristics. For low surface tension dielectric fluids such as R-134a, the PTL system has over a 10-fold heat carrying capacity in comparison to high performance heat pipes. Data accumulated thus far demonstrate that the PTL can meet many of the requirements of advanced terrestrial and spacecraft cooling systems: a system that is robust, ‘semi-passive,’ high flux, and offers high heat transport thermal control while remaining flexible in design, potentially lightweight, and cost competitive.

scholarly journals Performance Comparison of 12S-14P Inner and Outer Rotor Field Excitation Flux Switching Motor

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Muhammad Naufal Syed Othman ◽  
Erwan Sulaiman ◽  
Faisal Khan ◽  
Zhafir Aizat Husin ◽  
Mohamed Mubin Aizat Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Light Load ◽  
Outer Rotor ◽  
Excitation Coil ◽  
Field Excitation ◽  
Rotor Structure

Hybrid excitation flux switching machines (HEFSMs) have a several advantages such as robust rotor structure, high torque and power capabilities, and high efficiency suitable for light load and heavy industry applications. However, the general structure of HEFSMs employed with three main flux sources namely permanent magnet (PM), field excitation coil (FEC) and armature coil located on the stator body causes high manufacturing cost. Therefore, a new non-PM field excitation flux switching machine (FEFSM) consists of rugged rotor structure suitable for high-speed operation with capability to keep similar torque and power density of HEFSM is proposed and examined. In this paper, performances of both outer and inner rotor 12S-14P FEFSMs are analyzed and compared. As conclusion, the inner-rotor topology provides much higher torque and power when compared with outer rotor configuration.

scholarly journals Quantitative Comparison of Vernier Permanent-Magnet Motors with Interior Permanent-Magnet Motor for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lee ◽  
Matthew Angle ◽  
Krishan Bhalla ◽  
Mohammad Qasim ◽  
Jie Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motors ◽  
Permanent Magnet Motor ◽  
Outer Rotor ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Consequent Pole ◽  
Material Utilization ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet Motor

In this paper, three Vernier permanent-magnet (VPM) motor, namely the inner-rotor VPM (IR-VPM) motor, the outer-rotor VPM (OR-VPM) motor and the OR consequent-pole VPM (OR-CP-VPM) motor are proposed for the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. Owing to employment of toroidal-winding arrangement, the OR-VPM and the OR-CP-VPM motors can enjoy better material utilization and easier manufacturing process than its IR-VPM counterpart. Meanwhile the OR-CP-VPM motor can utilize the consequent-pole topology to minimize flux leakage that exists in conventional design. With the support of finite element method (FEM), the motor performances among the VPM motors and the profound interior permanent-magnet (IPM) motor can be compared quantitatively.

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