scholarly journals DYNAMIC CHANGES IN THE BONE MARROW CELLULAR COMPOSITION OF RATS IN THE BURN WOUNDS HEALING IN NORM AND IN CONDITIONS OF HYPERGLYCEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
I.M. Rizhko ◽  
L.V. Natrus
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Connective Tissue Regeneration

Relevance.  Today the study of the potential of hematopoietic progenitors is particular relevance in connection with the use of hematopoietic cells as the main material of transplantation for the treatment of various diseases including trophic ulcers in diabetes mellitus. Objective is study the dynamic fluctuations of the cellular composition of the bone marrow (ВM) of rats according to myelogram indices during the healing of a burn wound in normal conditions and in conditions of hyperglycemia. Materials and methods. The study of dynamics (3, 7, 14, 21 days) of burn wound of skin of rats of the Vistar line without somatic pathology "control group" (n=24) and rats (n=24) with experimental streptotrozine diabetes mellitus (CD) (Blood glucose level – 24,24±0,79 mmol/L against 8,03±0,4 mmol/L in the control group). Under etheric anesthesia the burn was simulated using copper plates in the form of an ellipse. The total area of skin burn was 18-20 % of the body surface. The study of myelogram was carried out according to the standard method of M. Arinkkin the material of the bone marrow was washed from the distal end of the femur. The stroke was fixed with ethanol and stained with Romanovsky-Gimza. On each glass 500 cell elements were counted the number of cells of each species was determined and converted to percentages. Microscopy was performed under imesium at an increase of 100×10. All indicators in healing dynamics were compared with those of myelogram which were determined in the group (n = 12) of healthy rats who did not reproduce the burn. Their indicators were considered to be referential values (RZ). Statistical data was processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results. In normal wound healing is accompanied by a general increase in the proliferation of myeloid splenectomy with a slight oppression of 7 days. At the same time in all terms of observation the proliferation of elements of erythroid origin of BM decreases but their functional capacity and hemoglobin saturation remains normal. The differentiation of cellular elements in the BM also increases but differ in terms. Up to 3 days mature granulocytes and monocytes are actively differentiated. At 7th day  in the BM the relative number of eosinophils and basophils is increased. Probably such a redistribution reflects the regulation of cell reproduction in the BM for their release into the peripheral bloodstream and subsequent participation in the process of regeneration of the connective tissue which provides normal physiological healing. Under conditions of hyperglycemia the difference in the cellular composition of the BM is already at the stage of the common polypotent precursors: the proliferation of common cells of lymphoid origin increases 1,5-fold and due to this the content of myeloid contraction is reduced. On all terms of observation in 1,4 times the proliferation of erythrocyte precursors predominates and the total proliferative activity of granulocytic precursors increases by 2,5 times. Due to this in 1,5-2 times the differentiation of granulocytes decreases. Particularly sensitive to hyperglycemia was the growth of basophils and monocytes which in BM was 1,5-2,8 times smaller and the dynamics of changes in terms of observation also differed from control. Conclusion: The effect of hyperglycemia on proliferation capacity and activity differentiation in BM causes a redistribution of cellular elements reflected on the number and functional ability of cells involved in providing and regulating signaling during connective tissue regeneration. Changes in the relative content of cellular progenitors in BM and the late release of cells from BM to peripheral blood can cause a violation of the connective tissue regeneration scenario and cause trophic ulcers or non-healing wounds in diabetes.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF NITROGEN OXIDE AND NITROSATIVE STRESS IN BURN WOUND HEALING IN DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
O.I. Myronenko ◽  
L.V. Natrus ◽  
T.I. Panova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Burn Wound Healing ◽  
Vegf Level ◽  
Experimental Group

Relevance. The risk of developing of diabetic foot ulcers is 25% over the lifetime of patients with diabetes mellitus. Inhibition of wound healing is associated with impaired macrophage polarization, decreased bioavailability of growth factors, enhanced activation of matrix metalloproteinases, which in turn is probably associated with severity of not only oxidative stress, but also nitrosative one. Objective. To investigate the indices of nitrosative stress in connective tissue regeneration in the healing of burn wound in rats with simulated diabetes, compared with rats without diabetes. Materials and methods. Two groups of laboratory rats of the Wistar line were used: diabetes mellitus and thermal burns were simulated in the experimental group (n=24), and only burns were modelled in the control group (n=24).  Diabetes mellitus was reproduced by administering of streptozotocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg to rats of the experimental group.  Thermal burns with a total area of ​​18-20% of the body surface were reproduced by applying of copper plates heated in water to 100°C to the skin of rats.  Animals were removed from the experiment by decapitation under thiopental anesthesia, 6 rats of each group at a time on 3, 7, 14 and 21 day of observation.  Concentration of inducible NO-synthase (iNOS), 3-nitrotyrosine proteins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured in tissue regenerate samples by Western-blot analysis.  The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined in the blood serum of rats by reaction with thiobarbituric acid and subsequent spectrophotometric analysis.  The measured values ​​are expressed in arbitrary optical density units (arbitrary units, a.u.). Results. The expression of inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) was shown to be significantly decreased during burn wound healing in diabetes mellitus compared with controls at 7 and 14 day of burn wound healing.  Thus, iNOS level was 1.24±0.05 a.u. in the control group and 0.72±0.03 a.u. in the experimental one at 7 day of observation; 0.93±0.08 a.u. and 0.32 ± 0.02 a.u., respectively, at 14 day.  Statistically significant differences in the level of 3-nitrotyrosine compounds between the control and experimental groups were detected only at 3 day of observation: 1.0±0.05 and 0.69±0.04 a.u., respectively.  The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly in the experimental group from 3 to 14 day of observation, from 0.77±0.01 a.u.  to 8.17±0.07 a.u., which indicates the severity of lipid peroxidation in diabetes.  A statistically significant difference in MDA levels between the control and experimental groups was observed at all observation periods: from 4.13±0.09 and 0.77±0.01 a.u., respectively, at 3 day of observation to 4.18±0.09 and 3,46±0.25 a.u., respectively, at 21 day.  A positive correlation between the level of malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine compounds (R=0.647; р<0.05) in diabetes mellitus is described, while in the non-diabetic group, it was negative (R=-0.528, p<0.05).  A decrease in the level of VEGF in tissue regeneration samples in diabetes mellitus was found compared with the control group at 3, 7 and 21 days of observation, which correlated with impaired expression of iNOS (R=-0.703; p<0.05) in diabetes mellitus. Thus, at 3 day of observation, VEGF level was 1.0±0.06 a.u. in the control group and 0.4±0.03 a.u. in the experimental group; on 7 day - 2.76±0.05 and 1.46±0.08 a.u., respectively;  on 21day  - 2.61±0.09 and 1.26±0.06 a.u., respectively. Conclusions. It is shown that in diabetes mellitus during healing of the burn wound, there is a local decrease in the level of iNOS expression, which leads to inhibition of NO formation and its physiological effects. Increased oxidative stress, while further reducing the bioavailability of NO through the formation of peroxynitrite. One of the important effects of NO during wound healing is the enhancement of VEGF formation. Shown reduction of NO (due to the reduced expression of iNOS) is correlated with the decrease of VEGF level in tissue regeneration in diabetes, which is one of the important factors of impaired wound healing.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SARI TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum L) DAN INSULIN TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA, KADAR LDL, KADAR KOLESTEROL DAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR TIKUS PUTIH STRAIN WISTAR (Rattus Norvegicus) BUNTING DENGAN MODEL DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Faradea Ubaidurrohmah Savitri ◽  
◽  
Risma Andani Ayu Safitri ◽  
Wening Pangesthi Maharani ◽  
Lela Dwi Andriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease caused by abnormal working insulin, insulin secretion or both so that the body tends to have high glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes mellitus can cause elevated levels of LDL and cholesterol. Risks obtained by fetuses with type 2 diabetes can be in the form of macrosomia due to hyperglycemia and hyperinsulin in the body of the fetus. Insulin is the first choice pharmacological therapy for type 2 DM that can be given during pregnancy. Non-pharmacological therapy as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) on a healthy diet by increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables. Good fruit consumed for pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L). The purpose of this study was to determine the administration of tomato extract (Solanum lycopersicum L) and insulin can affect glucose levels, LDL levels, cholesterol levels and birth weight of white wistar galur (Rattus norvegicus) pregnant women with type 2 diabetes mellitus models. experimental design using the pre post test only control group design and post test only control group design. Termination was done on the 17th day of pregnancy and then followed by measurements of LDL levels, cholesterol and birth weight. Data analysis using the One Way Anova test and Kruskal Wallis then continued with the Post Hoc test using. The results showed that there were significant differences between glucose levels, LDL levels, cholesterol levels and BW born in the insulin treatment group and the tomato juice treatment (p value = 0.00 <α = 0.05). The conclusion of giving insulin and tomato juice affects a decrease in glucose levels, LDL levels, cholesterol levels and birth weight.

scholarly journals THE USE OF A VITAMIN-MINERAL COMPLEX IN THE COMBINED THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A CLINICAL TRIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
I.A. Lapik ◽  
◽  
K.M. Gapparova ◽  
A.V. Galchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Complex ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Low caloric diet is used in the complex treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity. However, the reduced caloric food can inadvertently lead to decreased intake of micronutrients. The main goal of the research was to assess the necessity and effectiveness of the vitamin-mineral complex in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with obesity. Methods: 80 females suffering from type 2 diabetes and obesity, ranging from 40 to 65 years old participated in the study. The total patients were divided into two groups, each containing 40 patients. All patients were given a personalized diet and 1000mg of metformin every day. The experimental group, besides that, received vitamin-mineral complex. The biochemical analysis of the blood, composition of the body, and the complaint on micronutrient deficiency were taken before the experiment and after 14 days of the therapy. Results: Supplementation of the vitamin-mineral complex was associated with higher blood serum levels of vitamins B6, B12, B9, C, D, potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc, and lower levels of glucose. Clinical manifestations, associated with micronutrient deficiency, were significantly decreased in patients who were given vitamin-mineral complex. All these changes were valid both in relation to the initial level in the study group and to the indicators after treatment in the control group. Conclusion: Micronutrient supplements may be a very important part of the combined therapy of patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity.

scholarly journals BODY IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY IN OPIOMANIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-784
Author(s):  
K. K. Kulmukanova ◽  
A. U. Baiduissenova ◽  
E. A. Akhmediyarova ◽  
A. A. Yktiyarov ◽  
G. A. Bekniyazova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Number ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Reactivity ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Opioid Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Opium Addiction

Due to the general trend of changes in reactivity in many exogenous and endogenous diseases, more and more attention is currently being paid to changes in immunological reactivity in drug addiction. The expediency of assessing the state of immune mechanisms in opioid addiction is determined by the need to predict their course and outcome. The aim of the study was to study the immunological reactivity of the body in patients with opium addiction in a stage of abstinence. For this purpose, clinical and immunological studies were conducted in 80 patients who use opioid drugs. The duration of the disease ranged from 0.5-19 years. Of these, the disease duration is up to 3 years – 28 patients (group I), and over 3 years – 52 patients (group II). The number of subjects in the control group was n = 50. Authors carried out the assessment of the mental, narcological, somatic, and neurological status. In addition, they have studied the general clinical, biochemical and immunological parameters As a result of this study, it was found, that patients of group I had more pronounced T-lymphocytopenia. A persistent increase in the value of serum IgM was revealed both in the dynamics of abstinence and depending on the duration of the disease, which may indicate a strain on the humoral link of immunity in opium addiction. In addition, as the duration of chronic narcotization increases, there is a tendency to increase the relative number of B-lymphocytes. Thus, at the patients with opium addiction in a state of abstinence develop T-lymphocytopenia. Moreover, with an increase in the duration of the disease, an increase in the level of IgM by 2-2.6 times. The revealed changes in the immunological reactivity of the organism suggest the need to include immunocorrective therapy in the complex of therapeutic measures for opium addiction. 

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Effect of Silver Nitrate Gel and Differentiated Dermal Precursors (BMSCs) on Third Degree Burn in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Balaji K ◽  
Perumal Saraswathi ◽  
Prabhu K ◽  
Shila Samuel ◽  
Melani Rajendren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Healing Wound

Skin is an ectodermal derivative that maintains internal homeostasis of the body. Any damage to the skin like burn injury internal homeostasis is lost, resulting in delayed healing. The aim is to study the histoarchitecture comparative effect of silver nitrate gel, and BMSCs (DDP) on third-degree burns in Wistar rats. A burn wound of size 2.5 cm (length) x 2.5 cm (breadth) x 6 mm (depth) was created using a preheated metal plate on flanks of Wistar rat. Every burn wound was treated with silver nitrate gel (commercially available as silverex), bone marrow differentiated dermal precursors, and monitored for 1, 7, 14, 21 days until wound healing. Wound surface area was measured and compared among groups with histological and gross observations. The healing time was faster in bone marrow differentiated dermal precursors (DDP) group compared to control. Prolonged silver nitrate gel usage heals burn wound with no infection, but silver toxicity was noted. Wound contraction is slower but steady using bone marrow differentiated dermal precursors (DDP) cell when compared to the group treated with silver nitrate gel. The data from this study help use to use bone marrow differentiated dermal precursors (DDP) cells as an alternate and effective way to treat burn wounds.

Influence of feed additive Vitartil on the productive traits and biochemical parameters of steers’ blood

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
S. S. Mirgalimova ◽  
A. O. Trufanova ◽  
R. R. Fatkullin
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Experimental Group

The physiological state of animals is to a certain extent characterized by hematological indicators, since blood occupies a special place in the body. By transferring nutrients and biologically active substances, the blood performs the general regulation of vital functions of the body. The use of Vitartil as a feed additive in the diets of animals leads to an increase in glycolytic processes and a decrease in the body’s need for oxygen delivery, which contributes to the growth of the animal body. The purpose of the research was to study the changes in blood parameters taking into account the age of Hereford steers against the background of the use of Vitartil feed additive to the main diet and its effect on the productive traits of animals. In order to carry out the experiment two groups of steers-analogs of Hereford breed have been formed at the age of 6 months per 10 heads in each. The difference between the groups was that the steers of the experimental group have been received the feed additive Vitartil in addition to the main diet. The greater yield of the meat part was in the steers of the experimental group in comparison with the herdmates of the control group. This indicator in the experimental group was 78,9 %, while in the control group it was lower by 1,6 %. The animals of the experimental group were superior to their herdmates in terms of meat weight by 1,4 kg or by 8,8 %. The relative number of bones was lower in the experimental group and amounted to 18,4 %, and in the control group 19,2 %. The meat content index was high in the steer have been received the biologically active additive Vitartil and was 4,3, and in the control group 4,0. It has been found that the use of Vitartil feed additive to the main diet of Hereford steers increases the blood content of hemoglobin and glucose, which has a certain effect on the morphological and chemical composition of meat, as well as increases its energy value.

Relationship between Netrin-1 Levels and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Dr. Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Assi ◽  
Dr. Hanan Jasim Hammood ◽  
Zainab Mahdi Attia
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Significant Drop

Objects: The study's purpose was to see if there was a link between netrin.1 and type II diabetes patients. Methodology: The present study carried out on (45) patients affected with diabetes mellitus from (120) persons were examined in the education of Diwaniyah hospital from 6th September to the 4th December 2020. The study includes measurement of the body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, HbA1c, lipid profile and level of netrin-1. Results: Our findings were revealed the netrin-1 level was significantly lower in the diabetes (1205.36±753.09) compared to control group (1477.79±700.26; P < 0.01). Our observations were appeared Significantly higher levels of blood cholesterol, TG, LDL, and VLDL-C and In diabetes individuals, there was a significant drop There was a 0.05 difference in HDL-C levels when compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: These findings indicate that low netrin1 concentration in serum are strongly linked to the occurrence of type II diabetes.

Biomimetic silk fibroin and xanthan gum blended hydrogels for connective tissue regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 874-882
Author(s):  
Prasanna Kumar Byram ◽  
Krishna Chaitanya Sunka ◽  
Anwesha Barik ◽  
Manish Kaushal ◽  
Santanu Dhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Connective Tissue Regeneration

scholarly journals Quantification and three-dimensional microanatomical organization of the bone marrow

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Nombela-Arrieta ◽  
Markus G. Manz
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Spatial Logic ◽  
Health And Disease

Abstract Bone marrow (BM) constitutes one of the largest organs in mice and humans, continuously generating, in a highly regulated manner, red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells that together form the majority of cells of the body. In this review, we provide a quantitative overview of BM cellular composition, we summarize emerging knowledge on its structural organization and cellular niches, and we argue for the need of multidimensional approaches such as recently developed imaging techniques to uncover the complex spatial logic that underlies BM function in health and disease.

Comparison Among Bone Marrow and Wheat Flour’s Mixture and Standard Treatment on Healing Second-Degree Burn Wound in Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saboreh Jafari ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Cyrus Jalili ◽  
Tahereh Jamshidpoor
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Silver Sulfadiazine ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Burn Wound

Abstract The treatment of extensive skin burns remains as a challenge for health care personnel. This study aimed to compare the combination of bone marrow and wheat flour with standard treatment on animal models. In this experimental study, 45 male rats were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: The first group was control (no treatment), the second group received bone marrow and wheat flour combination topically, and the third group received standard treatment (1% silver sulfadiazine). The treatment lasted for up to 21 days. On the 22nd day, the rats were killed. The number of blood vessels and hair follicles was measured in the burn wound bed. The area and depth of the wound were also measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. The results showed that, complete closure of the wound was better in the bone marrow treated group compared with the group receiving the silver sulfadiazine and the control group. Furthermore, the wound healing was better in the silver sulfadiazine group compared with the control group. Microscopic examination revealed a significant increase in the number of hair follicles and blood vessels in the bone marrow and silver groups compared with the control group. The results showed that, the group treated with bone marrow, because of the presence of mesenchymal and stem cells can cause stimulating angiogenesis and producing vegetative tissue, hence it improved maturation, shrinkage, and contraction of the wound in comparison with the silver sulfadiazine and control groups

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