scholarly journals CHARACTERISTIC OF MODERN POLYMER MATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 388-410
Author(s):  
O. Pashkova ◽  
L. Nardid ◽  
E. Rudnieva ◽  
M. Zarubyna
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Material ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Engine Compartment ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Auto Parts ◽  
Auto Part

The article describes the advantages of using modern polymer materials for the manufacture of auto parts in the automotive industry. The authors have developed and presented a systematization of modern polymer materials, which are most often used in the automotive industry for the manufacture of both body and engine compartment (under hood) parts, and parts for internal equipment of a car. The studies made it possible for the authors to introduce a characteristic of the modern polymer materials properties that could to be used for the manufacture of a particular car part, as well as indicate brief chemical names (abbreviations) of polymer materials and their compositions (taking into account the requirements of world practice), indicating some properties, namely: heating resistance, solubility in organic solvents, etc. It is indicated that the use of polymer materials in the automotive industry is based directly on the properties of the polymer material and the requirements for a particular auto part. In one of the tables, a list of polymer materials and parts that are made of a certain type of polymer material is outlined, in another table the information on feedback regarding the variation of polymer materials in the process of manufacturing a specific car part is gathered. Special attention is paid to the example of deciphering the stamp meaning, which is stamped on the inner surface of some polymer parts. The stamp reflects information on the type of polymer material from which the auto part is made, the presence of fillers and amplifiers in its composition, as well as their percentage. In addition, a list of the main types of modified polypropylene, a brief designations of polypropylene various modifications and their application in the automotive industry are presented. For the ease of use while forensic practice, the information on the properties and possibilities of using the most commonly used polymer materials in the automotive industry is summarized in table.

Intensification of Open Gutters Operation

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Artificial Roughness ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Corrugated Surfaces ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Dispersed Inclusions

The intensification of the work of open gutter by applying textured shells to their bottom surface, forming an artificial roughness, is considered. It is shown that the presence of corrugated surfaces contributes to vortex formation during water flow and improves the separation and transportation of mineral impurities previously dropped into the bottom of the gutters. The implementation of operations to improve the structure of the gutters is possible during the repair and restoration works with the use of modern polymer materials. The design of a small-sized hydraulic stand, which makes it possible to study the transport capacity of flows containing solid inclusions, is presented. The method of research is hydraulic testing, accompanied by the use of chiaroscuro effect, as well as photo and film equipment. The optimal structure of the inner surface of the gutters and pipes providing vortex formation, which will improve the ability of the flow to carry out and transport foreign dispersed inclusions (sand) of different granulometric compositions, is determined.

Designing Soft Reactive Adhesives by Controlling Polymer Chemistry

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Aymonier ◽  
Eric Papon
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Structural Adhesives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Visible Irradiation ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Activation Heat

AbstractSoft reactive adhesives (SRAs) are polymer-based materials (e.g., polyurethanes, polysiloxanes, polydienes) designed to be further vulcanized or slightly cross-linked through external activation (heat, moisture, oxygen, UV–visible irradiation, etc.), either at the time of their application or within a subsequent predefined period. They are used mainly as mastics, or sealing compounds, in a wide range of industrial and commercial fields such as construction, footwear, and the automotive industry. Generally deposited as thick films, SRAs behave as structural adhesives; their low elastic moduli accommodate large strains between the bonded parts without incurring permanent damage. Other outstanding attributes of SRAs are their resistance to solvents, their ability to withstand aggressive environments, and their ease of use. This article discusses examples of SRAs and, more specifically, shows how the cross-linking chemistry, mainly through step-growth polymerization, provides their primary advantages.

The Mechanism of Getting New Composite Polymer Materials with Improved Hardness Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
L.S. Elbakyan ◽  
I.V. Zaporotskova ◽  
D.E. Vilkeeva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Material Component ◽  
Adsorption Interaction ◽  
The Matrix

The main aims and the objectives of the study focused on solving current problems of nanomaterial science of new materials – creating the scientific basis for competitive methods of obtaining and controlling new composite materials having improved strength properties based on carbon-containing polymer matrices with nanotubes stabilized in them. A technology for obtaining experimental samples of nanocompositional polymer material based on polymethylmethacrylate, polybutylmethacrylate, and methacrylic acid doped with carbon nanotubes has been developed, using ultrasonic action and mechanical mixing of the composite mixture to achieve the most uniform distribution of nanotubes in the matrix. To determine the possibility of implementing the mechanism of adsorption interaction of the studied polymer material with the surface of carbon nanotubes, DFT calculations of the interaction of the polymer material component and single-layer carbon nanotubes of various types have been done.

scholarly journals A Study of 100 tonf Tensile Load for SMART Mooring Line Monitoring System Considering Polymer Fiber Creep Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
Joseph Chul Chung ◽  
Michael Myung-Sub Lee ◽  
Sung Ho Kang
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Material ◽  
Strain Measurement ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Mooring Line ◽  
Creep Characteristics ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Longitudinal Tension ◽  
Tension Experiment

Mooring systems are among the most important elements employed to control the motion of floating offshore structures on the sea. Considering the use of polymer material, a new method is proposed to address the creep characteristics rather than the method of using a tension load cell for measuring the tension of the mooring line. This study uses a synthetic mooring rope made from a polymer material, which usually consists of three parts: center, eye, and splice, and which makes a joint for two successive ropes. We integrate the optical sensor into the synthetic mooring ropes to measure the rope tension. The different structure of the mooring line in the longitudinal direction can be used to measure the loads with the entire mooring configuration in series, which can be defined as SMART (Smart Mooring and Riser Truncation) mooring. To determine the characteristics of the basic SMART mooring, a SMART mooring with a diameter of 3 mm made of three different polymer materials is observed to change the wavelength that responds as the length changes. By performing the longitudinal tension experiment using three different SMART moorings, it was confirmed that there were linear wavelength changes in the response characteristics of the 3-mm-diameter SMART moorings. A 54-mm-diameter SMART mooring is produced to measure the response of longitudinal tension on the center, eye, and splice of the mooring, and a longitudinal tension of 100 t in step-by-step applied for the Maintained Test and Fatigue Cycle Test is conducted. By performing a longitudinal tension experiment, wavelength changes were detected in the center, eye, and splice position of the SMART moorings. The results obtained from each part of the installed sensors indicated a different strain measurement depending on the position of the SMART moorings. The variation of the strain measurement with the position was more than twice the result of the difference measurement, while the applied external load increased step-by-step. It appears that there is a correlation with an externally generated longitudinal tensional force depending on the cross-sectional area of each part of the SMART mooring.

Improvement of PA6 Mechanical Properties by Radiation Cross-Linking

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1163-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kratky ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Martin Ovsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Hard Surface ◽  
End Use

Influence of mechanical properties of the hard surface layer of modified polyamide 6 is studied. Mechanical properties are acquired by nanohardness test with using the DSI method (Depth Sensing Indentation). Hard surface layers are created by radiation cross-linking technology. This technology allows polymer materials modification followed by the change of their end-use properties. The surface layer of polymer material is modified by ionizing β - radiation. When the polymer material is exposed to the β radiation, it is possible to observe changes of the surface layer at applied load. Radiation cross-linking usually improves strength, reduces creep, contributes to chemical resistance improvement, and in many cases improves tribological properties.

Design and Research of Eco-Friendly Polymer Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 1006 ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Vladimir Lebedev ◽  
Tetiana Tykhomyrova ◽  
Ievgeniia Litvinenko ◽  
Svitlana Avina ◽  
Zhaniya Saimbetova
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Ground

The ways of using coffee grounds as fillers for biodegradable polymer material and dishes from it is shown. Research of chemical, physical, mechanical and operational properties of new high-filler composite based on polylactide are carried out. It is also noticed, that using coffee grounds as fillers for polymer materials can decrease the total volume of it at landfills faster than any other method of coffee ground reuse.

Research on Preparation and Property of Alternating Multilayer Polymer Electromagnetic Shielding Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Pass Rate ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Metal Mesh

With the development of materials science and technology, performance and preparation of polymer materials becomes a hot topic. The heat resistance and corrosion resistance of Polymer material are strong and can be manufacture for composite materials. It is widely used in many areas. This paper adds metal shielding materials into polymer materials and uses layered coating technology. This paper treats metal mesh and PET film composite structure as in the electromagnetic shielding layer and prepares the alternating multilayer polymer electromagnetic shielding materials. This paper tests electronic shielding effect of the material. It mainly detects the shielding effect of pass rate, the decay rate, and the electromagnetic intensity of visible light. The result shows that the permeation rate of the materials for visible light is about 40%, and the attenuation effect is 85db. Multilayered metal shielding mesh shields 60% magnetic field strength and obtains good electromagnetic shielding effects. This paper tests the mechanical properties of the material through the polarizing microscope which proves that alternating multilayer polymer material has good continuity mechanical properties and high yield strength and heat resistance. It provides theoretical support for the development of the new type of electromagnetic shielding materials.

Study on Factor of the Quenching Performance on the Polymer Material Characteristics of an Air Circuit Breaker

2016 ◽  
Vol 718 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Norrawit Tonmitr ◽  
Kazuki Ganaha ◽  
Eiji Kaneko ◽  
Takehiro Hayashida
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Material ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
High Current ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Current Interruption ◽  
Material Characteristics ◽  
Air Circuit Breaker

Usage of polymer materials in a quenching chamber is one of the most effective methods of improving performance of an air circuit breaker [1, 2]. During a high current interruption in the air circuit breaker, an arc discharge touches the insulator, and ablation gasses are emitted [3]. It is considered that the quenching performance and an arc characteristic are affected by this ablation gasses. In order to clarify the quenching performance of each polymer material, we are conducting the experiments. With these experiments, the relationships of the ablation gasses among the number of arcing cycles, arcing peak voltage, arcing conductances, and the pressure rise will be discussed with four kinds of polymer materials.

A Numerical Homogenization Scheme for Glass Particle-Toughened Polymers Under Dynamic Loading

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1750001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Karamnejad ◽  
Awais Ahmed ◽  
Lambertus Johannes Sluys
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Glass Particle ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Numerical Homogenization ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Model Glass ◽  
Homogenization Scheme

A numerical homogenization scheme is presented to model glass particle-toughened polymer materials under dynamic loading. A constitutive law is developed for the polymer material and validated by comparing the results to experimental test data. A similar constitutive law as that of the polymer material with unknown material parameters is assumed for the glass particle-toughened polymer. A homogenization scheme is used to determine the unknown material parameters from the boundary value problem (BVP) of a representative volume element. Unlike the standard computational homogenization scheme, the proposed numerical homogenization scheme can be used after localization occurs in the material. The proposed multiscale model is then verified against direct numerical simulation.

Study on Nanoimprint Lithography of the Polymer Chains (CH2)n With Anti-Adhesion Layer on Stamp by Molecular Dynamics Method

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang-Cherng Hsu ◽  
Chien-Liang Lin ◽  
Te-Hua Fang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Adhesion Layer ◽  
System Energy

This paper aims at the study on nanoimprint lithography (NIL) of the polymer material in (CH2)n Chains. The simulation codes were built based on molecular dynamics (MD) method for observing material deformation behaviors in atomic scale. The deformation mechanism of NIL of polymer material (CH2)n pressed by silicon stamp was first studied, by which the effects of critical punch tip width, imprint depth, temperature, and adhesion effect were studied. Next, the nanoimprint processes with stamp tips covered by anti-adhesion material, which is a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), were studied to compare to those processes without having anti-adhesion layer. When deforming polymer material at or above room temperature, adhesion problems occur between stamp and polymer. Polymer materials adhere to stamp more severe than they adhere to each others because potential energies between long chains of polymers are smaller than those between polymer and stamp. From the relation between system energy and stamp translation based on the MD simulations, the system energy increases when stamp moves gradually. When unloading, the system energy will return to its minimum energy status and remains stable. However, when punch leaves polymer materials, energy fluctuation occurs due to some polymer materials adhere to the stamp. Finally, the analysis of stamp with and without SAM based on the MD method was conducted and discussed.

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