scholarly journals Relações entre hábitos alimentares e aspectos anatômicos dos estômagos de animais domésticos – breve revisão de literatura

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Maria Priscila da Silva Carvalho ◽  
◽  
Priscilla Virgínio de Albuquerque ◽  
Emanuela Polimeni de Mesquita ◽  
Ana Greice Borba Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Medical Clinic ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Partial Digestion ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Subject

This literature review addresses the morphological variations in the stomach of domestic animals by associating them with their diet. The stomach is an important organ located between the esophagus and the small intestine. It is an enlarged portion of the digestive system, where partial digestion occurs, as well as absorptive processes and secretion of hormones and enzymes. The organ has great diversity among mammals, this condition being associated with the eating habits assumed by the representatives of the class. Scientific articles and books on anatomy, histology, veterinary medical clinic, animal management and nutrition were used as a basis for textual structuring of this work. The stomach can be classified as unicavitary, when it consists of a single saculiform dilation, being described in carnivores as the dog and the cat, herbivores as the horses and omnivores as the pigs. The latter two being characterized by a glandular and aglandular stomach lining, while in the first two the lining tissue is entirely glandular. The stomach is said to be pluricavitary, when it is formed by compartments, as in ruminants, in which the constituent chambers are predominantly aglandular, being a glandular one. Knowledge of the subject in question is of great relevance, especially for veterinarians, so that these professionals can effectively identify possible changes that may affect the stomach, favoring the care of sick animals.

Investigation of The Nutritional Approaches of Student Athletes During The Covid-19 Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1940-1944
Author(s):  
Sevcan Altun ◽  
Aykut Aksu ◽  
Osman Imamoglu ◽  
Murat Erdogdu ◽  
Kursat Karacabey
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
T Test ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Smirnov Test

The aim of this study is to investigate the nutritional approaches of student athletes studying at the university during the coronavirus outbreak period. Participants consisted of students studying and doing sports at the University. 446 students, 246 males and 200 females, participated in the study. Besides the personal form, students were filled the questionnaire testing questionnaire. Students voluntarily participated. The surveys were done on social media. Nutritional habits questionnaire consists of 12 questions. In the preparation of the survey questions, the questions proved validity of the researches which have been done on the subject before have been used. SPSS 23.00 package program was used in statistical analyses. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to test whether the data was normally distributed and it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Independent t-test, paired t-test, unidirectional variance analysis and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. There was no significant difference in students' nutrition approaches by gender, both in the pre-outbreak period and in the outbreak period points (p> 0.05). Nutrition scores were significantly increased during the outbreak period (p <0.001). A significant difference was found between the students who felt bad before the epidemic and those who felt well before the epidemic and their nutritional scores according to the levels they felt (p <0.05). A significant difference was found between the pre-outbreak period and post-epidemic nutrition scores of the sports faculty students (p <0.05). During the coronavirus epidemic, university student athletes have either increased their nutritional opportunities or have changed their eating habits positively to keep their immune systems strong or both. The fact that sports faculty students have better nutrition compared to other faculty students can be attributed to their taking courses in nutrition, health and similar. It is recommended to give lectures or seminars on nutrition to athlete students. Keywords: Student, Nutrition, Sports Nutrition, Nutritional Approach, Covid-19

scholarly journals A Tutela do Animal Doméstico no Âmbito das Constituições Federais Brasileiras de 1824 a 1988

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Nilsen Aparecida Vieira Marcondes
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Exotic Animals ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

Objetiva-se discutir neste breve intróito retrospectivo de revisão de normatizações constitucionais pátrias a tutela do animal doméstico. Esta síntese reflexiva sobre a tutela do animal doméstico brasileiro no âmbito constitucional se apresenta quanto à forma de abordagem do assunto, como qualitativo, no que tange a modalidade investigativa como básico, do ponto de vista de seus objetivos, como descritivo, com relação aos procedimentos técnicos, qualifica-se como documental e bibliográfico. Conclui-se que os delineamentos, os limites, bem como os avanços na conquista da tutela animal e consequentemente do animal doméstico demonstram o quanto o reconhecimento de tal questão é socialmente construído. Além disso, a expansão, a solidificação e o desenvolvimento contínuo também da vida humana e da sociedade implicam necessariamente na preservação e na ampliação de acesso um direito fundamental nominalmente reconhecido pela Constituição Federal de 1988 como direito ao ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado no qual se insere evidentemente a fauna, ou seja, os animais domésticos, domesticados, silvestres e exóticos. Palavras-chave: Animal Doméstico. Tutela. Constituições Federais. Brasil.  AbstractThe objective of this brief retrospective introjective review of constitutional norms is to discuss the protection of domestic animals. This reflexive synthesis about the protection of the Brazilian domestic animal in the constitutional scope presents itself as to the way of approaching the subject, as qualitative, in what refers to the research modality as basic, from the point of view of its objectives, as descriptive, with respect to the procedures technicians, qualifies as documentary and bibliographical. It is concluded that the delineations, the limits, as well as the advances in the conquest of the animal guardianship and consequently of the domestic animal demonstrate how much the recognition of such question is socially constructed. In addition, the expansion, solidification and continuous development of human life and society necessarily imply the preservation and expansion of access to a fundamental right nominally recognized by the Federal Constitution of 1988 as a right to an environmentally balanced environment in which the animal, domesticated, wild and exotic animals. Keywords: Domestic Animals. Guardianship. Federal Constitutions. Brasil.

scholarly journals Histological analysis of the tongue, esophagus and crop of Southern Carcará (Polyborus plancus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e21410212439
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sobue Franzo ◽  
Leiny Paula de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carolina Pôssas Viana ◽  
Adriano Tony Ramos ◽  
Jéssica Fernanda Bertolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Pekin Ducks ◽  
The Family ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

The Southern Caracara is a bird of prey, of the family Falconidae, inhabits all the Brazilian territory, they are omnivorous birds adapted for hunting. The digestive system of the predators presents differences in their morphology due to their eating habits. Knowing the importance of the gastrointestinal system, this study aims to carry out a histological study of the tongue, esophagus and the crop of Polyborus plancus. For this purpose, eight avian of both sexes, with different body weights and ages were used, they were euthanized and the organs were collected, fixed, dehydrated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. It was noted that the tongue has stratified squamous epithelium with mucous glands and with different degrees of keratinization. The esophagus and crop have four well developed muscle layers and mucous glands. Additionally, in the crop there is presence of an adventitious layer that consists of loose connective tissue. We conclude that the tongue, the esophagus and the crop of the Southern Caracara have similar histological organization of several birds like the Pekin Ducks, ostriches, domestic chicken and partridges.

scholarly journals Abdominal syndrome in pulmonary tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 839-843
Author(s):  
N. M. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
System Function ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
The Subject

A large number of works that have appeared in recent years in our and foreign literature on the subject of tuberculous intestinal diseases can be explained mainly by the exceptional importance of the gastrointestinal tract behavior in tbc patients and, on the other hand, by the frequency of this suffering. Most of these works concern the clinic of tuberculous lesions of the intestine with a definite pathological and anatomical substrate at the base. However, disorders of digestive system function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can occur without the presence of any anatomical changes and dyspeptic disorders observed in these cases, extremely diverse in their clinical picture, not seldom present exceptional difficulty in recognizing the true causes of gastrointestinal disorders. Passing under the mask of a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, they can give rise to diagnostic errors.

scholarly journals Aspects of Ergonyms Perception and Understanding in Cross-Cultural Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-125
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kharchenko ◽  
◽  
Shu Man ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The City

The article describes aspects of perception and understanding of Russian ergonyms by native speakers of Russian and Chinese. The issue under study is of great relevance due to the increase in cross-cultural contacts, the tendency for the free travelling between the countries and the formation of a multicultural environment in cities. The modern metropolis is increasingly becoming a place of residence for representatives of different linguistic cultures, so we decided to check how successfully modern ergonyms perform their main function, i.e. help residents and guests of the city navigate in space. The aim of the study is to identify the universal and specific features in the perception and understanding of ergonyms by the representatives of different linguistic cultures. The study object is the perception and understanding of a proper name, with the subject being the strategies of ergonyms perception and understanding. The article describes a survey of Russian and Chinese students who were asked to determine the organization’s field of activity by its name. The experiment consisted of two stages: at the first stage, only a word was presented, while at the second one - the word and the photo of the sign. As a result, the main ways of identifying ergonyms were identified.

scholarly journals STUDY OF GIT RELATED KOSHTHANGA W.S.R. TO PAKWASHAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1466-1468
Author(s):  
Pallavi Gupta ◽  
Divya Nidhi
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Partial Digestion ◽  
Complete Digestion ◽  
Absolute Knowledge

Human anatomy is the science where human body structures are designed to enable complete physiological action thus establishing homeostasis of the human body. Acharya Sushruta had a keen observation about the human body reflecting that without the absolute knowledge of Rachana Sharir. Chikitsak cannot be considered an expert. In Ayurveda, the part of G.I.T. is mentioned in Koshthanga by various Acharya. These Koshthanga are Aamashaya, Pakwashaya, Purishdhara, Uttarguda, Adharguda, Kshudrantra etc. which are situated within the koshtha. In modern anatomy, G.I.T. or Alimentary canal includes all the structures between the mouth and anus, forming a continuous passageway that includes the main organ of digestion, namely the stomach small intestine and large intestine, each part of the Gastric intestinal tract is adapted to its specific function. The 'oesophagus' function primarily to conduct food rapidly from the pharynx to the stomach mixing along with the digestive juic- es, carrying out partial digestion and then propelling the food into the duodenum is the function of the stomach small intestine is designed for complete digestion and absorption of nutrients. Absorption of water and electrolyte from the chyme to form solid faeces is the function of the large intestine. Pakwashaya is the main organ related to the site of Vata Dosha, Purishvaha srotas, Purishdhara kala, Koshthanga and Aashaya. Pakwashaya plays an important role in formation of urine and digestion of food. Keywords: Pakwashaya, Purish

Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Databases

2019 ◽  
pp. 502-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Knowledge Discovery In Databases ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Inductive Databases ◽  
High Level

The term knowledge discovery in databases or KDD, for short, was coined in 1989 to refer to the broad process of finding knowledge in data, and to emphasize the “high-level” application of particular data mining (DM) methods. The DM phase concerns, mainly, the means by which the patterns are extracted and enumerated from data. Nowadays, the two terms are, usually, indistinctly used. Efforts are being developed in order to create standards and rules in the field of DM with great relevance being given to the subject of inductive databases. Within the context of inductive databases, a great relevance is given to the so-called DM languages. This chapter explores DM in KDD.

scholarly journals Digital technologies for promotion of healthy eating habits in teenagers

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Magalhães de Alcântara ◽  
Amanda Newle Sousa Silva ◽  
Patrícia Neyva da Costa Pinheiro ◽  
Maria Veraci Oliveira Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Online Programs ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Nutritional Advice ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRACT Objective: Identify and analyze the scientific literature on digital technologies for promotion of healthy eating habits in teenagers. Method: Integrative review of articles published in English and Spanish, available in full on four databases. The descriptors used were (Adolescent health) OR (Teen health) AND (Healthy diet) OR (Healthy eating) AND (Educational technology) OR (Instructional technology), respectively, from which eight articles were selected. Results: Among the studies included, three were digital games; two web-based nutrition interventions; two using online programs to prevent obesity; and one nutritional advice using multimedia. They showed experiences of digital technology and its effects on knowledge improvement and/or behavior of participants when developing healthy eating habits. Conclusion: Digital technologies are innovative tools present in the lives of teenagers, with the possibility of being used for education and promotion of healthy eating, contributing to the empowerment of the subject for his/her self-care.

scholarly journals Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART ) Peptide in Mammals Gastrointestinal System – A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Makowska ◽  
Sławomir Gonkowski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
System A ◽  
Cart Peptide ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract Since its first description over 30 years ago, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide has been the subject of many studies. Most of these investigations pertain to occurrence and functions of CART within the central nervous system, where this peptide first of all takes part in regulation of feeding, stress reactions, as well as neuroprotective and neuroregenerative processes. However, in recent years more and more studies concern the presence of CART in the gastrointestinal system. This peptide has been described both in stomach and intestine, as well as in other digestive organs such as pancreas or gallbladder. Particularly much information relates to distribution of CART in the enteric nervous system, which is located within the wall of digestive tract. Other studies have described this peptide in intestinal endocrinal cells. Moreover, it is known that CART can be present in various types of neuronal cells and may co-localize with different types of other neuronal active substances, which play roles of neuromediators and/or neuromodulators. On the other hand precise functions of CART in the gastrointestinal system still remain unknown. It is assumed that this peptide is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility, intestinal blood flow, secretion of intestinal juice, somatostatin and/or insulin, as well as takes part in pathological processes within the gastrointestinal tract. The large number of recent studies concerning the above mentioned problems makes that knowledge about occurrence and functions of CART in the digestive system rather piecemeal and requires clarifying, which is the aim of the present article.

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