scholarly journals Developing IDF curve of extreme rainfall at Tan Son Hoa station for the period 1980-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (M2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Quan Trong Nguyen ◽  
Nhi Thi Thao Pham ◽  
Khoi Nguyen Dao
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Idf Curves ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, the Intensity – Duration – Frequency (IDF) relationship of extreme rainfalls in a local area is usually investigated to provide accurate required data for calculating, planning, and developing urban drainage systems, especially in the context of climate change. Traditionally, IDF curves are computed based on a statistical method for analyzing the frequency of occurrence or non-occurrence of annual extreme rainfall events over a return period; or based on a probability distribution function of these events. However, these traditional methods do not take into consideration the relationship between extreme rainfalls of different durations as they only simulate the intensity of extreme rainfall events at each individual duration after generated a large number of parameter sets. Therefore, the results of these methods are inaccurate and much depend on the actual observed data. In this study, a new approach to develop IDF relations was proposed based on the scale-invariance nature of extreme rainfalls at different durations. This method will be examined and compared with traditional methods based on the IDF curves of extreme rainfalls at Tan Son Nhat gauge station (HCMC) from 1980 to 2015. Results have indicated that there is a linear relationship between extreme rainfalls at different time scales and showed that the proposed method is appropriate for estimating the IDF curves with many prominent advantages rather than traditional method.

scholarly journals Seasonal intensity-duration-frequency relationships for Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Emanuele B. Manke ◽  
Claudia F. A. Teixeira-Gandra ◽  
Rita de C. F. Damé ◽  
André B. Nunes ◽  
Maria C. C. Chagas Neta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Although several studies have evaluated the intensity-duration-frequency relationships of extreme rainfall events, these relationships under different seasonal conditions remain relatively unknown. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether the intensity-duration-frequency relationships obtained seasonally from the rainfall records in the winter and summer represent the maximum rainfall events for the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Pluviographic data from 1982 to 2015 were used to create two seasonal series: one for the summer from December 21 to March 20 and the other for the winter from June 21 to September 22. These seasonal relationships were compared with the annual pluviographic data. The intensity, duration, and frequency relationships obtained from the summer rain data adequately represented the maximum rainfall in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The maximum intensity values of rainfall obtained from the relationship of intensity, duration, and frequency for the winter did not adequately encapsulate the occurrence of rain with greater intensities.

scholarly journals Análise da adequação de eventos de precipitação extrema na Amazônia Ocidental em modelos estáticos: Rondônia

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Vinicius Alexandre Sikora de Souza ◽  
Marcos Leando Alves Nunes ◽  
Sandra Ferronatto Francener ◽  
Ana Lúcia Denardin da Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Smirnov Test

<p><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Este estudo objetivou estimar a função Intensidade-Duração-Frequência (IDF) de eventos pluviométricos extremos a partir dos dados de precipitação das estações pluviométricas instaladas no estado de Rondônia, de modo que posteriormente tais informações possam ser utilizadas no dimensionamento de obras hidráulicas. Utilizou-se 41 estações pluviométricas com séries históricas acima de 10 anos, disponibilizadas pela Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA). Essas séries passaram inicialmente pelo teste de aderência Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), a fim de verificar o ajuste das mesmas as </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">distribuições: Normal, Log-Normal, Exponencial, Gama, Gumbel, Weibull e Logística</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">. O trabalho denotou que o teste de aderência </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Kolmogorov-Smirnov de forma geral forneceu uma expressiva aceitação na maioria das distribuições estatística testadas.</span></p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Analysis of fitness for extreme rainfall events in western amazon in static models: state Rondônia</em></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the Intensity - Duration - Frequency (IDF) function extreme rainfall events from the data of precipitation of rainfall stations located in the State of Rondônia, so that such information can be later used in hydraulic structures. We used 41 rainfall stations with historical series over 10 years, provided by the National Water Agency (ANA). These series originally started by adherence Kolmogorov -Smirnov (KS) in order to check the fit of the same distributions: Normal, Log- Normal, Exponential, Gamma, Gumbel, Weibull and Logistics. Work denoted that the Kolmogorov - Smirnov test of adherence generally provided a significant acceptance in most of the tested statistical distributions.<strong></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"><br /></span></p>

scholarly journals Relationship Between Extreme Rainfall and Surface Temperature in Sicily (Italy)

10.29007/rtts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Pumo ◽  
Giuseppina Carlino ◽  
Elisa Arnone ◽  
Leonardo Noto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Scaling Relationship ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Parts

The study of the relationship between extreme rainfall events and surface temperature represents an important issue in hydrology and meteorology and it could be of capital importance for evaluating the effect of global warming on future precipitation. Various approaches have been tested across different parts of the world, and, in many cases, it has been observed an intensification of precipitation with increasing temperature consistently with the thermodynamic Clausius-Clapeyron relation (CC-rate of 6-7% °C-1), according to which a warmer atmosphere is capable of holding more moisture. Nevertheless, in different locations, the scaling rate between temperature and extreme precipitation has resulted significantly different with respect to the CC-rate, in some cases sensibly higher (super-CC) and in other relevantly lower (sub-CC). In this work, an analysis of the scaling relationship between sub-daily extreme rainfall events and surface temperature is carried out, using data from a large number of rain and temperature gauges across Sicily (Italy). Results highlight the relevant importance of some modeling choices and, particularly, of rainfall duration, for this type of analysis in semi-arid region. An overall sub-CC scaling rate has been detected for most part of the region.

scholarly journals Determinação da curva de intensidade-duração-frequência do município de Cruzeiro do Sul – Acre

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e30
Author(s):  
Nayara Dos Santos Albrigo ◽  
Maylla Tawanda dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Nelma Tavares Dias Soares ◽  
Gleibson De Souza Andrade ◽  
Vinicius Alexandre Sikora de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gumbel Distribution ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Return Time ◽  
Good Adherence ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
The North ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency ◽  
Engineering Projects

Information on extreme rainfall events associated with predictability and probabilities, especially in intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves, are essential for the development of engineering projects aimed at sanitation, drainage and waterproofing of surfaces, which allow to offer more suitable conditions for dimensioning hydraulic and hydrological works and services. However, much of the North Region of the country does not have this information available or updated. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop the IDF equation for the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul - AC. A 14-year historical series was used, distributed between 1993 and 2011, such data were analyzed by the Gumbel distribution, the same being related, by means of the daily rain breakdown, for return periods comprising 2 to 100 years and rainfall durations of 5 minutes to 24 hours. In the analysis for the construction of the curve, it was observed that the years 1995 and 2002 corresponded to the years with the highest precipitated height indexes, being 111 mm and 103 mm, respectively, however these events had an estimated return time between 3 and 8 years, which does not denote anomalous events. The IDF curve constructed in the study showed good adherence to the observed data, which proves its use in the region.

scholarly journals Association of geopotential height patterns with heavy rainfall events in Cyprus

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tymvios ◽  
K. Savvidou ◽  
S. C. Michaelides
Keyword(s):  
Geopotential Height ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

Abstract. Dynamically induced rainfall is strongly connected with synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns at the upper levels. This study investigates the relationship between days of high precipitation volume events in the eastern Mediterranean and the associated geopotential height patterns at 500 hPa. To reduce the number of different patterns and to simplify the statistical processing, the input days were classified into clusters of synoptic cases having similar characteristics, by utilizing Kohonen Self Organizing Maps (SOM) architecture. Using this architecture, synoptic patterns were grouped into 9, 18, 27 and 36 clusters which were subsequently used in the analysis. The classification performance was tested by applying the method to extreme rainfall events in the eastern Mediterranean. The relationship of the synoptic upper air patterns (500 hPa height) and surface features (heavy rainfall events) was established, while the 36 member classification proved to be the most efficient.

Estimation of Extreme Rainfall in South Africa and Development of Methods to Account for Non-stationary Climate Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katelyn Johnson ◽  
Jeff Smithers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Design Rainfall ◽  
High Return

&lt;p&gt;The estimation of design rainfalls and design floods are required by engineers and hydrologists to design and quantify the risk of failure of hydraulic structures. Extreme design rainfall quantities such as high-return period rainfalls and the probable maximum precipitation (PMP) are needed to design high-hazard hydraulic structures. In South Africa, previous design rainfall estimates have been produced up to the 200 year return period. PMP estimates were last determined nearly 50 years ago based on only 30 years of data. Most studies on extreme rainfall reported are based on frequency analysis assuming stationary conditions. Previous studies in South Africa have assumed a stationary climate. However, the assumption of a stationary climate in rainfall and flood frequency analysis has been challenged owing to evidence of climate change. Recent literature indicates that the magnitude and frequency of extreme rainfall events has been changing and this is likely to continue in future. Hence, methods to account for trends in extreme rainfall events in a changing environment need to be developed. In addition, the concept of PMP, particularly as used for the design and safety evaluation of large dams in South Africa, is being challenged with the recommendation that high-return period design rainfalls be used in these assessments. The aims of this study are: (i) to estimate extreme design rainfall values, with a focus on return periods greater than 200 years, (ii) to update PMP estimates using updated data and modernised methods, and (iii) to account for non-stationary climate data in the estimation of these extreme rainfall events in South Africa. Frequency analysis using LH-moments, which more accurately fit the upper tail of distributions, have been used to estimate high-return period design rainfalls. Regular L-moments are shown to overestimate the extreme rainfall quantities when compared to LH-moments by giving undue favour to outliers. PMP estimates have been determined using a storm maximisation and transposition approach. Radial Basis Functions (RFBs) have been used to transpose PMP estimates to ungauged locations, producing PMPs for the entire country. Approximately 80 % of the new PMPs are greater than the previous estimates. This is probably due to the many limitations of the old approach and differences used in the new approach, indicating that the new approach undertaken in this study may provide improved estimates. The PMP represents the upper limit of extreme rainfall, however, comparisons of high-return period rainfalls to the PMP show that the PMP is sometimes exceeded by the high-return period rainfalls. To develop methods to estimate extreme design rainfall events in a non-stationary climate, this study explores the impacts of climate drivers, such as the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and changes in atmospheric variables, such as dew point temperature, on high-return period rainfalls and the PMP.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Investigation of Trends, Temporal Changes in Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) Curves and Extreme Rainfall Events Clustering at Regional Scale Using 5 min Rainfall Data

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bezak ◽  
Mikoš
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency

High-frequency rainfall data is needed in different practical hydrologic applications, such as the construction of the intensity-duration-frequency curves (IDF). This paper presents an investigation of trends (station-wise and regional) for several rainfall durations that were constructed based on the 5 min rainfall data. Moreover, changes in IDF results for two 22-year sub-samples were also analyzed. Additionally, changes in extreme events clustering at the regional scale were also analyzed. Ten rainfall stations (44 years of data 1975–2018) located in Slovenia (central EU, approx. 20,000 km2) were used in this study. Results indicate that no clear pattern in the detected trends can be found based on the analyzed stations. However, all the statistically significant trends at the significance level of 0.05 for the 5 min rainfall data were negative. Moreover, regional trends for this duration were also statistically significant. The changes in the design rainfall events between two equal sub-samples (1975–1996, 1997–2018) were between −30% and 60%. The investigation of changes in extreme rainfall event clustering indicated that extreme 5, 30, and 60 min events could more frequently occur a few days earlier in spring or summer compared to the past period. On the other hand, longer duration events (i.e., 360 and 720 min) tend to more frequently occur a few days later in autumn compared to the past. In most cases, changes are not statistically significant.

Colonialism and the Highland Clearances

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Mackinnon
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Indigenous Research ◽  
Internal Colonialism ◽  
New Approach ◽  
A Site ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Imperial State ◽  
Late Modern

This article employs a new approach to studying internal colonialism in northern Scotland during the 18th and 19th centuries. A common approach to examining internal colonial situations within modern state territories is to compare characteristics of the internal colonial situation with attested attributes of external colonial relations. Although this article does not reject the comparative approach, it seeks to avoid criticisms that this approach can be misleading by demonstrating that promoters and managers of projects involving land use change, territorial dispossession and industrial development in the late modern Gàidhealtachd consistently conceived of their work as projects of colonization. It further argues that the new social, cultural and political structures these projects imposed on the area's indigenous population correspond to those found in other colonial situations, and that racist and racialist attitudes towards Gaels of the time are typical of those in colonial situations during the period. The article concludes that the late modern Gàidhealtachd has been a site of internal colonization where the relationship of domination between colonizer and colonized is complex, longstanding and occurring within the imperial state. In doing so it demonstrates that the history and present of the Gaels of Scotland belongs within the ambit of an emerging indigenous research paradigm.

The Influence of Geographical Factors on Extreme Rainfalls in Lampung Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
M Welly
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Ungauged Basin ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Design Rainfall ◽  
Geographical Factors

Many people in Indonesia calculate design rainfall before calculating the design flooddischarge. The design rainfall with a certain return period will eventually be convertedinto a design flood discharge by combining it with the characteristics of the watershed.However, the lack of a network of rainfall recording stations makes many areas that arenot hydrologically measured (ungauged basin), so it is quite difficult to know thecharacteristics of rain in the area concerned. This study aims to analyze thecharacteristics of design rainfall in Lampung Province. The focus of the analysis is toinvestigate whether geographical factors influence the design rainfall that occurs in theparticular area. The data used in this study is daily rainfall data from 15 rainfallrecording stations spread in Lampung Province. The method of frequency analysis usedin this study is the Gumbel method. The research shows that the geographical location ofan area does not have significant effect on extreme rainfall events. The effect of risingearth temperatures due to natural exploitation by humans tends to be stronger as a causeof extreme events such as extreme rainfall.Keywords: Influence, geographical, factors, extreme, rainfall.

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