scholarly journals STUDI PERBANDINGAN KARAKTER MAKROSKOPIS DAN MIKROSKOPIS TIGA JENIS PHYLLANTHUS L.

Floribunda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshary Maruzy ◽  
Dewi Athikah Fatkhul Jannah ◽  
Ari Pitoyo ◽  
Dyah Subositi
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Leaf Apex

Anshary Maruzy, Dewi Athikah Fatkhul Jannah, Ari Pitoyo, Dyah Subositi. 2020. Comparison Study of Macroscopic and Microscopic Characters in Three Species Phyllanthus L. Floribunda 6(4): 154–166. — Many members of the genus Phyllanthus are widely used as raw materials for medicine. Three species of Phyllanthus that are P. amarus Schumach. & Thonn., P. urinaria L., and P. debilis Klein ex Willd. have a lot of similarity. The aims of this study were to compare macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of this three species. Method of microscopic study by embedding paraffin technique. The observed of macroscopic characters are branching types, leaf shape, color of leaf margin, leaf apex type, color & shape of petal, amount of male petal, color & structure of ripe fruit, color of seed. The results of this study showed the specific characteristics of every species. Keywords: characterization, macroscopic, microscopic, P. amarus, P. debilis, P. urinaria.Anshary Maruzy, Dewi Athikah Fatkhul Jannah, Ari Pitoyo, Dyah Subositi. 2020. Studi Perbandingan Karakter Makroskopis dan Mikroskopis Tiga Jenis Phyllanthus L. Floribunda 6(4): 154–166. — Beberapa anggota genus Phyllanthus banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku obat. Tiga spesies Phyllanthus yaitu P. amarus Schumach. & Thonn., P. urinaria L., dan P. debilis Klein ex Willd. memiliki morfologi yang hampir sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan karakter makroskopis dan mikroskopis dari ketiga spesies tersebut. Penelitian mikroskopis menggunakan metode embedding paraffin. Karakter makroskopis yang diamati adalah tipe percabangan, bentuk daun, warna tepi daun, tipe ujung daun, warna & bentuk mahkota bunga, jumlah mahkota bunga jantan, warna & struktur buah masak, warna biji. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan karakteristik spesifik setiap spesies.

scholarly journals Combining Leaf Shape and Texture for Costa Rican Plant Species

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Carranza-Rojas ◽  
Erick Mata-Montero
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Image Dataset ◽  
Northeast Us

In the last decade, research in Computer Vision has developed several algorithms to help botanists and non-experts to classify plants based on images of their leaves. LeafSnap is a mobile application that uses a multiscale curvature model of the leaf margin to classify leaf images into species. It has achieved high levels of accuracy on 184 tree species from Northeast US. We extend the research that led to the development of LeafSnap along two lines. First, LeafSnap’s underlying algorithms are applied to a set of 66 tree species from Costa Rica. Then, texture is used as an additional criterion to measure the level of improvement achieved in the automatic identification of Costa Rica tree species. A 25.6% improvement was achieved for a Costa Rican clean image dataset and 42.5% for a Costa Rican noisy image dataset. In both cases, our results show this increment as statistically significant. Further statistical analysis of visual noise impact, best algorithm combinations per species, and best value of k , the minimal cardinality of the set of candidate species that the tested algorithms render as best matches is also presented in this research.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Fruit, Foliar, and Plant Habit Attributes in Capsicum

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Stommel ◽  
Robert J. Griesbach
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Habit

Considerable diversity exists in Capsicum L. germplasm for fruit and leaf shape, size, and color as well as plant habit. Using F1, F2, and backcross generations developed from diverse parental stocks, this report describes the inheritance patterns and relationships between unique foliar characters and diverse fruit and plant habit attributes. Our results demonstrate that pepper fruit color, shape, and fruit per cluster were simply inherited with modifying gene action. Broad-sense heritability for fruit color and shape and fruit per cluster was high, whereas narrow-sense heritability for these characters was moderate to low. Although fruit clustering was simply inherited, the number of fruit per cluster exhibited a quantitative mode of inheritance. High fruit counts per cluster were linked with red fruit color and anthocyanin pigmented foliage. Fruit shape was linked with immature fruit color and inherited independently of mature fruit color. Leaf color, length, and plant height were quantitatively inherited. Leaf shape did not vary, but leaf length varied and was positively correlated with leaf width. Broad-sense heritability for leaf characters, including leaf length, leaf width, and leaf color, was high. With the exception of leaf width, which exhibited low narrow-sense heritability, high narrow-sense heritability for leaf characters denoted additive gene action. Plant height displayed high broad-sense heritability. Moderate narrow-sense heritability suggested that additive effects also influence plant height. Analysis of segregating populations demonstrated that red and orange fruit color can be combined with all possible leaf colors from green to black. These results provide new data to clarify and extend available information on the inheritance of Capsicum fruit attributes and provide new information on the genetic control of leaf characters and plant habit.

Aubrieta alshehbazii (Brassicaceae), a new species from Central Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 299 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALİ A. DÖNMEZ ◽  
ZÜBEYDE UĞURLU AYDIN ◽  
MARCUS A. KOCH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Central Turkey ◽  
A New Species

Aubrieta alshehbazii is described as a new species that was collected from rocky steppe of Central Turkey. The new species is sympatric and most similar to A. pinardii, but differs by leaf shape, leaf margin, petiole, indumentum and inflorescence. A detailed morphological description, figures and comparisons with potentially closely allied species are provided herein. The new species is assigned to CR threat category of the IUCN. Beside this, due to further studies on type material of various Aubrieta taxa, A. anamasica is proposed as a new synonym of A. pinardii

scholarly journals Evaluasi Karakter Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Cabai Hias (Capsicum annuum L.) IPB

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Kana Dau Sukmawati ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Arya Widura Ritonga
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

ABSTRACT Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a commodity that has a high economic value and has been known and cultivated by people throughout the world. Ornamental chili pepper has aesthetic value as ornamental plants such as the round or long round fruits and the diversity of fruit colors. This study was conducted to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative characters of 11 genotypes of ornamental chili pepper to obtain superior ornamental chili pepper varieties. The analyzed variables were the plant height, stem length, stem diameter, stem color, shortened internode, plant habitus, leaf shape, leaf color, leaf length, leaf width, days to flowering, corolla color, anther color, flower position, harvest date, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit pedicel length, fruit diameter, fruit shape, fruit shape at blossom end, fruit color, and anthocyanin coloration. This study was conducted in green house of the Cikabayan Experimental Garden and the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, from January to June 2018. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with one factor (genotipe) and four replicates. All genotypes evaluated had diverse quantitative and qualitative characters especially in the character of fruit weight, fruit length, and fruit color. The most preferred genotypes were Ayesha 1, Violeta, and Nazla. Ayesha 1 was favored because of its rounded fruit, interesting and quite varied fruit colors. Violeta and Nazla were prefered because of the purple fruits. Nazla was prefered as pot ornamental plants for its short plant and the convenience to take care. Keywords: Capsicum annuum L, genotipe, ornamental chili pepper  Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan komoditas yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan merupakan tanaman yang sudah dikenal dan dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Karakter cabai hias memiliki nilai estetika sebagai tanaman hias seperti bentuk buah yang umumnya bulat atau bulat panjang dan warna buah yang sangat bervariasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif 11 genotipe cabai hias untuk menghasilkan varietas cabai hias yang unggul. Karakter yang diamati terdiri atas tinggi tanaman, tinggi dikotomus, diameter batang, warna batang, pemendekan ruas, habitus tanaman, bentuk daun, warna daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, waktu munculnya bunga, warna mahkota bunga, warna anther, kedudukan bunga, umur panen buah, bobot buah, panjang buah, panjang tangkai buah, diameter buah, bentuk buah, bentuk pangkal buah, perubahan warna buah, dan pewarnaan antosianin. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan dan Laboratorium Genetika dan Pemuliaan Tanaman, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2018. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) satu faktor yaitu genotipe dengan 4 kali ulangan. Semua genotipe yang dievalusi memiliki karakter kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang beragam baik antar genotipe uji maupun dengan varietas pembanding, terutama pada karakter bobot buah, panjang buah, dan warna buah. Genotipe yang paling disukai adalah Ayesha 1, Violeta, dan Nazla. Ayesha 1 disukai karena bentuk buahnya yang membulat dan warna buahnya yang menarik dan beragam. Violeta dan Nazla disukai karena buahnya berwarna ungu. Nazla lebih disukai untuk tanaman hias pot karena perawakannya yang pendek dan memudahkan perawatan. Kata kunci: Capsicum annuum L., cabai hias, genotipe

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM ON PAPAYA FRUIT RIPENING

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 679a-679
Author(s):  
Yunxia Qiu ◽  
Robert E. Paull
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Calcium Fertilization ◽  
K Fertilization

Over ripe and abnormally soft fruits occur often during papaya shipments to the mainland U.S.A. Calcium fertilization to the soil did not always increased Ca concentration in the mesocarp. Calcium plus K treatment was more effective at increasing the Ca concentration in the mesocarp than Ca treatment alone. Calcium and K fertilization did not affect the fruit color development. There was a positive correlation between mesocarp Ca concentration and ripe fruit firmness, with no relationship between K or Mg concentration and ripe fruit firmness. Vacuum infiltration with CaCl2, MgCl2, KCl to mesocarp plugs in vitro showed that Ca significantly delayed softening and reduced C2H4 production, and that MgCl2 and KCl also slowed the softening. Use of the chelating agent sodium citrate increased the rate of softening, probably, by removing Ca from the cell wall. We conclude that Ca is an important factor in fruit firmness and that the increase of Mg and K by infiltration has different effects on fruit firmness from that by soil fertilization.

scholarly journals Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) Characterization of Neolamarckia Cadamba Genetic Resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-275
Author(s):  
R. Thirunirai Selvan ◽  
K. T. Parthiban ◽  
B. Palanikumaran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Bark Texture

Neolamarckia cadamba (Kadam) genetic resources were characterised Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS) traits based on International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants12 guidelines. Twenty-five clones of kadam were characterised based on the morphological characters of leaf and bark with 12 descriptors. Among these 12 descriptors, 9 were qualitative traits viz., leaf shape, Leaf base shape, apex shape, leaf margin, leaf venation, base symmetry, Waxiness in upper side of leaf, bark colour and bark texture and 3 were quantitative characters viz., leaf length, leaf breath, leaf petiole length. The study exhibited significant variations among the genetic resources investigated for various DUS traits, which could act as reference traits for developing variety to protect the genetic resources through Intellectual Property Rights.

scholarly journals Development of Morphological Descriptors For Characterization of Teak (Tectona Grandis L. f.) Seed Sources In India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawahar Vishnu M.V. ◽  
Parthiban K.T. ◽  
Umesh Kanna S ◽  
Radhakrishnan S
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Internodal Length ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
Leaf Colour ◽  
Seed Sources

Abstract Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) plantations in India has been intensified in the recent past yet, morphological descriptors for teak is still lacking. Hence, this study aimed to develop descriptors using morphological traits. Among 30 seed sources collected from different states of India, 24 morphological descriptors viz., leaf length, leaf width, presence of petiole, petiole length, leaf shape, shape of leaf apex, shape of leaf base, leaf texture, phyllotaxy, leaf attitude, leaf margin, leaf margin undulation, leaf brightness, leaf venation, leaf main vein, leaf veins, leaf vein colour, leaf colour, leaf pubescence, young leaf colour, number of internodes, internodal length, trunk spots and trunk colour were developed based on leaf and stem characteristics. Subsequently, genetic similarity among the sources were estimated by Jaccard similarity index and cluster analysis was performed by Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method.

scholarly journals Overexpression of BpCUC2 Influences Leaf Shape and Internode Development in Betula pendula

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4722
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Xu ◽  
Han ◽  
Wang ◽  
Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Short Internodes

The CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 2 (CUC2) gene, which is negatively regulated by microRNA164 (miR164), has been specifically linked to the regulation of leaf margin serration and the maintenance of phyllotaxy in model plants. However, few studies have investigated these effects in woody plants. In this study, we integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and physiology approaches to explore the function of BpCUC2 gene in Betula pendula growth and development. Our results showed that Betula pendula plants overexpressing BpCUC2, which is targeted by BpmiR164, exhibit shortened internodes and abnormal leaf shapes. Subsequent analysis indicated that the short internodes of BpCUC2 overexpressed transgenic lines and were due to decreased epidermal cell size. Moreover, transcriptome analysis, yeast one-hybrid assays, and ChIP-PCR suggested that BpCUC2 directly binds to the LTRECOREATCOR15 (CCGAC), CAREOSREP1 (CAACTC), and BIHD1OS (TGTCA) motifs of a series of IAA-related and cyclin-related genes to regulate expression. These results may be useful to our understanding of the functional role and genetic regulation of BpCUC2.

Evaluation of Tree Vigor by Digital Camera Based on Fruit Color and Leaf Shape

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hashimoto ◽  
H. Kondou ◽  
Y. Motonaga ◽  
H. Kitamura ◽  
K. Nakanishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Fruit Color
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