scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging, Antimicrobial Activities and Effect of Sub-Acute Exposure to Nigerian Xylopia aethiopica Seed Extract on Liver and Kidney Functional Indices of Albino Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Abubakar Awwal Yusuf ◽  
◽  
Bashir Lawal ◽  
Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf ◽  
Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Background: Xylopia aethiopica is highly reputed for its numerous medicinal properties. In the present study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and toxicity profile of methanol seed extract of Nigerian X. aethiopica in rat were evaluated. Methods: Phytochemical compositions were evaluated using standard procedures. The antibacterial study was carried out using agar well diffusion method, while antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay. Twenty-five rats (5 each) were given 0, 75, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bwt of the extract orally for 28 days. Results: The extract had total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of 15.98±0.03mg GAE/g and 2.29±0.02 mg/g CE respectively. The extract had IC50 values of 52.45±3.05 µg/mL and 73.45±3.89 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAP assay respectively. The E. coli showed the highest susceptibility (20.27±0.90mm) while P. aeuruginisa showed the least (15.08±0.20mm). The MIC ranged from 25-50 µg/mL while MBC ranged between 50µg/mL and 100 µg/mL. In comparison with the control rats, the levels of serum creatinine, bicarbonate total proteins, albumin, and ALP were significantly higher in rat dosed 600 mg/kg bwt while urea decreases in rat dose 300 and 600 mg/kg. However, serum concentration of ALT, AST, bilirubin, Na+, K+ and Cl- compared favorably (P>0.05) with control at all doses. Conclusion: The study revealed the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Nigerian X. aethiopica, the extract at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg/b.wt did not provoke toxic effects to the animals’ liver and kidney; however, caution should be exercised when using as a prolonged oral remedy at high doses.

scholarly journals Determination of Phenolic Contents by HPLC, and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antityrosinase, and Anticholinesterase Activities of Psephellus huber-morathii

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuriye Korkmaz ◽  
Sıla Ozlem Sener ◽  
Nuray Balturk ◽  
Seyda Kanbolat ◽  
Merve Badem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Phenolic Constituents

The goal of our study was to examine of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase activities, and phenolic composition of Psephellus huber-morathii. The antioxidant activities of extracts have been assessed by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. Phenolic constituents were measured using reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and antimicrobial activity was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. Total phenolic content, FRAP, and CUPRAC results of aqueous extract have been better than methanolic extract, except for DPPH activity. Benzoic acid, and p-coumaric acid as major phenolic compounds were specified. Methanolic extract was especially effective against all microorganisms tested except for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The methanolic extract have been displayed inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. All extracts have been exhibited lower acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities than galantamine. P. huber-morathii can be considered in the food, and drug industries due to antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activities of the species. It can be potential source as anti-browning agents  because of its average tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Non Polar and Polar Solvent Extracts of Glochidion Velutinum Wight in Respect of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Action

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Md Selim Hossain ◽  
Ananta Kumar Das ◽  
Fazlay Rabbi ◽  
Mesbahuddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of non-polar and polar extracts of Glochidion velutinum Wight have been studied. The phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and colorimetric method was used to quantify flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was also measured by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and disk diffusion method was applied to test antimicrobial activity. Of the hexane, chloroform, ethanol and methanol extracts of Glochidion velutinum, higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in methanol and ethanol extracts. Moreover, ethanol and methanol extracts also showed better antimicrobial and antioxidant activities than the other two extracts. The presence of various phytochemicals e.g. alkaloids, tannins, phenols etc in these extracts also substantiated the observed antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 2, 247-252, 2017

Functionalized silver nanoparticles synthesized from marine algae: In vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Siva Kumar Kandula ◽  
Satyanarayana Swamy Cheekatla ◽  
Venkata Satya Mahesh Kumar Metta ◽  
Venkata Rajagopal Saladi
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Frap Assay

Natural antioxidants, in particular phenolic derivatives, are used efficiently to combat against oxidative induced tissue damages. The objective of the study is to determine the antioxidant potential of methanolic extracts obtained from eight marine algal species (Enteromorpha compressa, Chaetomorpha antennina, Caulerpa racemosa, Caulerpa taxifolia, Sargassum vulgare, Padina tetrastromatica, Amphiroa fragilissima and Gracilaria corticata) by assessing their total phenolic content, DPPH scavenging assay, FRAP assay, H2O2 radical and superoxide radical scavenging activities. Among them, P.tetrastromatica, S.vulgare, E.compressa, C.taxifolia display significant antioxidant activities. Further, the aqueous extracts of these four algae are used for bioreduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green synthesis method at room temperature. UV-Visible spectrum revealed the surface plasmon resonance at 430 and 440nm. The characterizations of AgNPs by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed the bioreduction and capping of AgNPs. XRD analysis elucidated the synthesized nanoparticles having face centered cubic crystalline geometry, with a mean size of 17 nm. The nanoparticles have better antimicrobial activity against cocci shaped than the rod shaped bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration exhibit more activity against S.aureus and B.cereus rather than E.coli.

In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Bacillus clausii KP10

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
Farzana Nighat and Zahid Mushtaq Farzana Nighat and Zahid Mushtaq
Keyword(s):  
Hot Springs ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Bacillus Clausii

Humans and plants are experiencing different kinds of diseases. Many of these diseases are mainly caused by microorganisms like fungi, bacteria and viruses that adversely affect their hosts. Bioactive compounds produced by bacteria can be used to treat the infections caused by these microorganisms. Free radicals that can cause serious damage to the cell can be repressed by antioxidants that are produced by bacteria as secondary compounds. The current case study was therefore planned to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of the organic and aqueous extracts of Bacillus clausii KP10 isolated recently by our group from hot springs of Tatta Pani, Poonch, Azad Kashmir. The antimicrobial activities were assessed using well diffusion method against two Gram positive bacteria; B. subtilis, and S. aureus, and two Gram negative bacteria; E. coli and P. multocida and three fungal strains; A. niger, A. parasiticus and A. ustus. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were done by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. In our experiments the maximum zones of inhibition were shown by ethanolic extract against P. multocida (21 mm), S. aureus (13 mm) and methanol soluble fraction showed zone of inhibition against A. ustus (21 mm) as compared to the standard ciprofloxacin for bacteria and as antifungal agents with terbinafine. In our studies n-hexane fraction of B. clausii KP10 showed maximum 88.67% antioxidant activity. Finally, results were analyzed statistically through analysis of variance (ANOVA). Hence it is proved that the bioactive fractions obtained from B. clausii KP10 are good source of antimicrobials and antioxidants and they can be used as medicines in future for the respective treatments.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Different Extracts from Different Parts of Zilla spinosa (L.) Prantl

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mohamed H. A. Suleiman ◽  
Ali A. Ateeg
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Agar Disc

Zilla spinosa is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders and diabetes. In this study, aqueous ethanol (AE) and aqueous methanol (AM) extracts from aerial parts and roots of Z. spinosa were investigated. The total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents and antioxidant capacities in terms of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were determined, and the correlations among the results were assessed using Pearson’s correlation. The antimicrobial activity was assessed through agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Phytochemical screening showed that Z. spinosa extracts had alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, triterpenoids, phenols, and flavonoids in different abundances. The aerial part-AE extract contained low TPC (30.17 ± 4.24 mg GAE/g) and TFC (7.40 ± 1.02 mg QE/g) and displayed significant antioxidant capacity in the DPPH (IC50 = 52.17 ± 7.30 μg/mL), H2O2 (91.22 ± 2.60 μg/mL), and FRAP (EC50 = 98.70 ± 2.21 μg/mL) assays. By contrast, the root-AM extract contained high amounts of TPC (87.72 ± 7.75 mg GAE/g) and TFC (25.60 ± 1.57 mg QE/g). It showed significantly high antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 12.33 ± 1.88 μg/mL in the DPPH and 39.37 ± 2.59 μg/mL in the H2O2 assays, as well as reducing power capacity with an EC50 value of 20.82 ± 1.14 μg/mL in the FRAP assay. Both TPC and TFC were exhibited negative correlations ( p < 0.01 ) with the IC50 and EC50 values obtained in the applied antioxidant assays. The aerial part-AM extract showed the highest inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (26.5 ± 0.20 mm), followed by Shigella flexneri (19.4 ± 0.40 mm) and Proteus mirabilis (17.7 ± 0.49 mm). S. aureus was the most affected microorganism with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 128 μg/mL against the aerial part-AM extract. Interestingly, all evaluated extracts showed potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans. However, aerial part-AM was the most effective, with an inhibition zone of 12.6 ± 0.17 mm. The results concluded that Z. spinosa possesses different phytochemicals displaying significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, thus lending credence to its use in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties for Ginkgo biloba and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) from Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossam S. EL-BELTAGI ◽  
Mona H. BADAWI
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Agar Disc

The widespread use of medicinal plants for health purposes has increased dramatically due to their great importance to the public health. In this study levels of phenolic, flavonoid contents of Ginkgo biloba and Rosmarinus officinalis from Egypt were determined. HPLC was used to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds in selected plants. The plant extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using various antioxidant methodologies, (i) scavenging of free radicals using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, (ii) metal ion chelating capacity, and (iii) scavenging of superoxide anion radical. The antimicrobial activity of both plant’s extracts were evaluated against a panel of microorganisms by using agar disc diffusion method. The total phenolic content (75.30 and 98.31 mg/g dry weight in G. biloba and R. officinalis, respectively) was significantly (p<0.05) different. Among the identified phenolic compounds, quercetin, kaempferol and caffeic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds in Ginkgo biloba, whereas carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid, narinigen and hispidulin were the predominant phenolic compound in Rosmarinus officinalis leaves. The antioxidant activity increased with the concentration increase. The R. officinalis was more active than G. biloba extract against Gram-negative bacteria. This study reveals that the consumption of these plants would exert several beneficial effects by virtue of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Hafiza Tuseef Sayyar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The current study is designed to investigate the phytochemical screening and to examine the potential antimicrobial, antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus. The ethanol extract of C. flexouses and C. reticulatus seeds were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening for the confirmation of various phytochemicals and their total phenolic and flavonoid content is verified by the colorimetric method. Subsequently, antimicrobial activity of both extracts at the concentration of (25, 50, 100 mg/ml) against various microbial organisms was evaluated via the disc diffusion method by measuring zone of inhibition and estimating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antioxidant activity was assessed by ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and DPPH free radical scavenging method. The ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses showed maximum antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus (29.0±0.05mm), Bacillus subtilis (17.0±0.02 mm) followed by gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (22.0±0.05 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.04±0.34mm) respectively at 100mg/ ml concentration as compared to standard drug. Moreover, both the extracts showed no activity against fungal species Candida albicans. Similarly, significant antioxidant effects at 100mg/ml concentration (1.17±0.025) were also observed by FTC and (1.09±0.017) by DPPH method. The result of the current study depicts that ethanol extract of C. flexouses seeds possess significant in-vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant effects as compared to C. reticulatus seed extract and could be a good substitute for many infectious diseases

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Pods Extracts in Pork Meatballs During Cold Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patcharee Prasajak ◽  
Phanida Renumarn ◽  
Wichien Sriwichai ◽  
Pakkawat Detchewa
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

Effects of M. oleifera leaves and pods extracts on physicochemical properties, free radical scavenging properties, antimicrobial activities and sensory attributes of pork meatballs were evaluated during cold storage at 4°C for 15 days. The preparation of pork meatballs was divided into eight treatments as control, 0.02% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 0.2% leaves and pods aqueous extract, 0.4% leaves and pods aqueous extract, 0.8% leaves and pods aqueous extract. Aqueous leaves extract showed highest level of total phenolic (67.18 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid contents (5.60 mg CE/g extract) compared to those observed in aqueous pods extract as 55.17 mg GAE/g extract and 3.54 mg CE/g extract, respectively. The leaves extract had strongest antioxidant activity against DPPH radicals with IC50 49.85 μg/ml while the pods extract exhibited IC50 99.31 μg/ml. According to pork meatballs analysis, meatballs samples with addition of aqueous leaves extract exerted higher antioxidant activities in a concentration-dependent manner that were performed by higher DPPH scavenging activity and lower TBARs values in comparison with aqueous pods extract. Conversely, M.oleifera pods extract showed highest antibacterial activity against all testedfoodborne bacterial strains including Staphylococcus aureus (TISTR 1466),Bacillus cereus (TISTR 678), Escherichia coli (TISTR 780), Salmonellatyphimurium (ATCC 13311) with lowest MIC (1.56 mg/ml) and MBC (3.13 mg/ml)in agreement with the decrease of total microbial counts as compared to controland BHT samples. The meatballs with pods extract possessed higher sensoryattributes scores than those added with the leaves extract. In conclusion, 0.8%pods extracts effectively retarded lipid oxidation as well as decreased microbialgrowth in pork meatballs during cold storage. However, it was point out thatinferior sensory scores were affected by increasing additional the extract in themeatballs. Therefore, the use of Moringa extracts should be carefully applied inthe meatballs for avoidance of lowering consumer acceptance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of chloroformic and methanolic extracts of 6 important medicinal plants collected from North of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Ghahari ◽  
Zahra Hadadi ◽  
Ghorban Ali Nematzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Abstract Background: as possible sources of natural bioactive molecules, the plant essential oils and extracts have been used globally in new antimicrobial compounds, food preservatives, and alternatives to treat infectious disease.Methods: In this research, the antimicrobial activities of chloroformic and methanolic extracts of Sophora flavescens, Rhaponticum repens, Alhagi maurorum, Melia azedarach, Peganum harmala, and Juncus conglomeratus were evaluated against 8 bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis, R. toxicus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, P. syringae, X. campestris, P. viridiflava) and 3 fungi (Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea), through disc diffusion method. Furthermore, the essential oils of plants with the highest antibacterial activity were analyzed utilizing GC/MS. Moreover, the tested plants were exposed to screening for possible antioxidant effect utilizing DPPH test, guaiacol peroxidas, and catalase enzymes. Besides, the amount of total phenol and flavonoid of these plants was measured. Results: Among the tested plants, methanolic and chloroformic extracts of P. harmala fruits showed the highest antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. Besides, the investigation of free radical scavenging effects of the tested plants indicated the highest DPPH, protein, guaiacol peroxidase, and catalase in P. harmala, M. azedarach, J. conglomeratus fruits, and J. conglomeratus fruits, respectively. In addition, the phytochemical analysis demonstrated the greatest amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compositions in J. conglomeratus and P. harmala, respectively.Conclusion: The results indicated that these plants could act as a promising antimicrobial agent, due to their short killing time.

scholarly journals Antioxidant capacity of Melissa Officinalis L. on Biological Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Juliana Metzner Franco ◽  
Silvana Marina Piccoli Pugine ◽  
Antônio Márcio Scatoline ◽  
Mariza Pires De Melo
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Frap Assay

The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant capacity of Melissa extract (ME) (Melissa officinalis L.) and its protective effect on peroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage in erythrocytes. ME used in present study was obtained by rota-evaporation of the crude extract (ethanol:water/dried leaves). Total phenolic and flavonoids contend determination, 176.8 ± 13.2 mg GAE/g dw and  26.2 ± 3.2 mg QE/g dw, respectively).  Total equivalent antioxidant activities, TEAC in mg TE/g dw, were 61.4 ± 5.5 and 512.4 ± 77.2 for respective FRAP assay and DPPH• radical-scavenging. The ME acts as an antioxidant on NO and O2•-, when ME exerted a higher antioxidant action on NO scavenging to compared to the ascorbic acid (1.9 times), however, the antioxidant capacity of ME on O2•- was lower than ascorbic acid (5.6 times). The values of hemolysis inhibition from ME (IC50, 2.0 ± 0.5 mg/mL) were higher than ascorbic acid (IC50, 7.1 ± 1.8 mg/mL). Extract of Melissa was able to eliminate biological free radicals, suggesting a potential to prevent oxidative damage in vivo. In fact, the ME exerted protective action on cell membrane lysis in situ.

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