scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Hafiza Tuseef Sayyar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The current study is designed to investigate the phytochemical screening and to examine the potential antimicrobial, antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus. The ethanol extract of C. flexouses and C. reticulatus seeds were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening for the confirmation of various phytochemicals and their total phenolic and flavonoid content is verified by the colorimetric method. Subsequently, antimicrobial activity of both extracts at the concentration of (25, 50, 100 mg/ml) against various microbial organisms was evaluated via the disc diffusion method by measuring zone of inhibition and estimating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antioxidant activity was assessed by ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and DPPH free radical scavenging method. The ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses showed maximum antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus (29.0±0.05mm), Bacillus subtilis (17.0±0.02 mm) followed by gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (22.0±0.05 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.04±0.34mm) respectively at 100mg/ ml concentration as compared to standard drug. Moreover, both the extracts showed no activity against fungal species Candida albicans. Similarly, significant antioxidant effects at 100mg/ml concentration (1.17±0.025) were also observed by FTC and (1.09±0.017) by DPPH method. The result of the current study depicts that ethanol extract of C. flexouses seeds possess significant in-vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant effects as compared to C. reticulatus seed extract and could be a good substitute for many infectious diseases

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Non Polar and Polar Solvent Extracts of Glochidion Velutinum Wight in Respect of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Action

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Md Selim Hossain ◽  
Ananta Kumar Das ◽  
Fazlay Rabbi ◽  
Mesbahuddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of non-polar and polar extracts of Glochidion velutinum Wight have been studied. The phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and colorimetric method was used to quantify flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was also measured by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and disk diffusion method was applied to test antimicrobial activity. Of the hexane, chloroform, ethanol and methanol extracts of Glochidion velutinum, higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in methanol and ethanol extracts. Moreover, ethanol and methanol extracts also showed better antimicrobial and antioxidant activities than the other two extracts. The presence of various phytochemicals e.g. alkaloids, tannins, phenols etc in these extracts also substantiated the observed antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 2, 247-252, 2017

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils and Ethanol Extract of Psidium guajava Leaf

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrew Emmanuel ◽  
Dimas Kubmarawa ◽  
Galo Yahaya Sara ◽  
Akurenda Wahu
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Objective: To investigate the Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and ethanol extract of Psidium guajava. Methods: The leaf of Psidium guajavabelongs to the myrtle family (Myrtacease) which is used as herbal remedies for the cure of many ailments by natives in northern part of Nigeria, was collected in June, 2018 from the Professor’s Quarters of Modibbo Adama University of Technology (MAUTECH) Yola. The leaf was air dried, pulverized and extracted by simple overnight maceration technique and then analyzed. Fresh leaf of the aforementioned was extracted using modified steam distillation. The phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract was carried out using standard method. Results: The result revealed the present of Tannin, Flavanoid, Alkaloid, Volatile oil, Triterpene, Saponin, Glycoside while phenolic compound was absent in the ethanol extract of Psidium guajava. The result of the antioxidant activity of the essential oil was screened using DPPH method and the IC25 values of ascorbic acid (standard drug)  was 57.92 µl/m and Psidium guajava of the essential oil  was 46.55 µl/ml  respectively. Antibacterial activity was carried out using dics diffusion method and the results showed reasonable zone of inhibition against tasted organisms, with Staphylococcus epidemidis being the most inhibited (23 mm) and Proteus vulgari being the least inhibited (2 mm) with the ethanol extract of Psidium guajava. In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus was the most inhibited (13 mm) and Salmonella typhi showed the least inhibition (9mm) in the essential oil of Psidium guajava. Conclusion: The result, thus support the use of the plants traditionally to treat chronic diarrhea, fever, diabetes, malaria and suggest its usage in the formulation of new antioxidant and antibacterial drugs.

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Ethanol Extract from Karanda (Carissa carandas L.) Fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Yuttana Sudjaroen ◽  
Kanyapat Petcharaporn ◽  
Jutamas Moolwong ◽  
Khiseo Jodnok ◽  
Narin Kakatum
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Carissa carandas L. fruits are is contain high amount of iron, vitamin C and pectin. These fruits have been applied for folk medicine in the reliving of human disorders; and reported for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and lipase 1 activity. Aims of this study were to determine antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities of ethanol extract from karanda fruits. Fresh fruits were cleaned, air dried, and extracted with 95% ethanol by maceration. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid measurements (TFC) of karanda fruit extract was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and colorimetric method. 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity of extract was evaluated and compared with ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol, respectively. In vitro inflammatory activity was evaluated by monitoring of degraded-albumin reduction and compared with diclofenac diethylammonium. Anti-microbial activity of was evaluated against pathogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus; and pathogenic yeasts, Candida albicans by disc diffusion method. TPC and TFC of ethanol extract were 11.39±0.18 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 9.15±1.31 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, respectively. DPPH and NO radical scavenging activities of karanda fruit extract were preferable (IC50 = 0.56±0.05 and 50.95±14.29 mg/ml). However, this extract was poorly inhibited lipid peroxidation (IC50 > 1,000 mg/ml), and lack of anti-inflammation activity. Karanda fruit extract was slightly inhibited S. mutans and S. aureus, therefore there was unable to inhibited C. albicans. The results may support application of karanda fruit for oral anti-septic and sore-throat relieving herb.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HINGULESWARA RASABASED HERBOMINERAL FORMULATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Abhishek Chatterjee ◽  
Dileep Singh Baghel ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Narendra Kumar Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Made In ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The aims of the present investigation were to develop the herbal and/or herbomineral formulations of Hinguleswara rasa and to compare their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, in vitro, with that of standard drug samples.Methods: This study was an interventional investigation in three samples: In the first sample, Hinguleswara rasa (HR1) was prepared as per methodology described in Rasatarangini using Shuddha Hingula (10 g), Shuddha Vatsanabha (10 g), and Pippali (10 g). In the second and third sample, respectively, Hinguleswara rasa was prepared by replacing Shuddha Hingula with Kajjali where Kajjali made from Hingulotha parada and Sodhita parada constitutes two varieties of Hinguleswara rasa, i.e. HR2 and HR3. In vitro antioxidant activity was studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and the absorbance was recorded at 517 nm. For evaluating the in vitro anti-inflammatory studies, the inhibition of albumin denaturation technique was performed.Results: The results showed that the formulation of Hinguleswara rasa has shown dose-dependent activity which was observed in 100 μg concentration. HR1, HR2, and HR3 showed 36.11, 17.22, and 16.11% radical scavenging activity.Conclusion: It could be concluded that the changes made in the formulations did not affect the in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the herbomineral formulations.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antitumor activities of the red propolis Alagoas

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. G. Silva ◽  
T. M. S. Matias ◽  
L. I. O. Souza ◽  
T. J. Matos-Rocha ◽  
S. A. Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Method

Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, toxicity and phytochemical screening of the Red Propolis Alagoas. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion method. Determination of antioxidant activity was performed using the DPPH assay (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FTC (ferric thiocyanate) and determination of phenolic compounds by Follin method. Toxicity was performed by the method of Artemia salina and cytotoxicity by MTT method. The phytochemical screening for the detection of allelochemicals was performed. The ethanol extract of propolis of Alagoas showed significant results for antimicrobial activity, and inhibitory activity for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida krusei. The antioxidant activity of the FTC method was 80% to 108.3% hydrogen peroxide kidnapping, the DPPH method showed an EC50 3.97 mg/mL, the content of total phenolic compounds was determined by calibration curve gallic acid, resulting from 0.0005 mg/100 g of gallic acid equivalent. The extract was non-toxic by A. salina method. The propolis extract showed high activity with a higher percentage than 75% inhibition of tumor cells OVCAR-8, SF-295 and HCT116. Chemical constituents were observed as flavonones, xanthones, flavonols, and Chalcones Auronas, Catechins and leucoanthocyanidins. It is concluded that the extract can be tested is considered a potential source of bioactive metabolites.

scholarly journals Melientha suavis Pierre. Extract: Antioxidant and Sunscreen Properties for Future Cosmetic Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pahol Sansomchai ◽  
◽  
Kanlaya Jumpatong ◽  
Chaipat Lapinee ◽  
Kanchana Utchariyajit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Abts Assay ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Sun Protection Factor

The ultimate aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activities using DPPH and ABTS assay and antioxidant substances of Melientha suavis Pierre (Melientha) extracts with ethanol (EtOH) and subsequent partition with hexane, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and distilled water (W). The Melientha extract was assessed the sunscreen activities by sun protection factor which was compared with octyldimethyl PABA. Additionally, the stability test of Melientha extracts added in the cosmetic base-formula was investigated. The sun protection substances of Melientha extracts were determined by GC-MS analysis. Among the extract and fractions, the ethanolic extract showed the highest activities. The IC50 of Melientha extract to free radical scavenging determined by DPPH assay and ABTS assay were 53.20 ± 7.37 μg/ml and 64.17 ± 5.76 μg/ml, respectively. The total phenolic compound of ethanol extract was 149.87 ± 2.72 mg GE/g of ext and total flavonoid content was 51.60 ± 4.12 mg CE/g of ext. The sun protection factor (SPF) of ethanol extract was 26.61 ± 0.10. Cinamate and its derivative which were claim as sunscreen substance was found by GC-MS analysis of Melientha ethanol extract.

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging, Antimicrobial Activities and Effect of Sub-Acute Exposure to Nigerian Xylopia aethiopica Seed Extract on Liver and Kidney Functional Indices of Albino Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Abubakar Awwal Yusuf ◽  
◽  
Bashir Lawal ◽  
Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf ◽  
Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Background: Xylopia aethiopica is highly reputed for its numerous medicinal properties. In the present study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and toxicity profile of methanol seed extract of Nigerian X. aethiopica in rat were evaluated. Methods: Phytochemical compositions were evaluated using standard procedures. The antibacterial study was carried out using agar well diffusion method, while antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay. Twenty-five rats (5 each) were given 0, 75, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bwt of the extract orally for 28 days. Results: The extract had total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of 15.98±0.03mg GAE/g and 2.29±0.02 mg/g CE respectively. The extract had IC50 values of 52.45±3.05 µg/mL and 73.45±3.89 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAP assay respectively. The E. coli showed the highest susceptibility (20.27±0.90mm) while P. aeuruginisa showed the least (15.08±0.20mm). The MIC ranged from 25-50 µg/mL while MBC ranged between 50µg/mL and 100 µg/mL. In comparison with the control rats, the levels of serum creatinine, bicarbonate total proteins, albumin, and ALP were significantly higher in rat dosed 600 mg/kg bwt while urea decreases in rat dose 300 and 600 mg/kg. However, serum concentration of ALT, AST, bilirubin, Na+, K+ and Cl- compared favorably (P>0.05) with control at all doses. Conclusion: The study revealed the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Nigerian X. aethiopica, the extract at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg/b.wt did not provoke toxic effects to the animals’ liver and kidney; however, caution should be exercised when using as a prolonged oral remedy at high doses.

scholarly journals Bioactivities of Water Extract and Essential Oil from the Mace of Myristica fragrans Houtt

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 099
Author(s):  
Adit Widodo Santoso ◽  
Adelina Simamora ◽  
Adelina Simamora ◽  
Kris Herawan Timotius ◽  
Kris Herawan Timotius
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Myristica Fragrans

<p><em>Myristica fragrans</em> Houtt (nutmeg) is used as a spice and flavour for food and beverages. It has been traditionally used to treat a number of medical conditions, including diabetes mellitus. The study was undertaken to scientifically validate the traditional use of mace from <em>M.</em><em> </em><em>Fragrans</em><strong>. </strong>The objectives of this study were to evaluate α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of water extract (WE) and essential oil (EO) from <em>M.</em><em> </em><em>fragrans</em> mace.  Both WE and EO were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities <em>in vitro</em> and their antioxidant activities based on DPPH radical scavenging assay. Standard compounds were used for every test. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of both extracts were also determined. The extracts were also tested for their antibacterial activities against six different bacteria by a well diffusion method. Both extracts showed inhibition activities against α-glucosidase, with WE showed stronger activity than EO (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.86 and 8.15 mg/ml). Good radical scavenging activities were observed for both extracts, with WE showed stronger activity than EO (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.51 and 4.59 mg/ml). WE showed higher content in phenolic than EO (47.84 and 37.21 mg GAE/100 g DW). Flavonoid content in WE was also higher than EO (215.36 and 30.12 mg RE/ml). Based on the well diffusion method, only EO exhibited antibacterial activities, with inhibition zone in the range 1.03 – 1.30 mm.  The strongest activity was observed against<em> Staphylococcus mutans</em>. The results indicate WE and EO can be exploited further for pharmacological uses, in particular for their antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. </p>

Comparative Biochemical Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in Commonly Grown Legume Varieties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Rani ◽  
Sukriti Nehra ◽  
M Khabiruddin ◽  
Shubham Lamba
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Whole Seed

In this research study, quantitative determination of phytoconstituents in seed coat, dehusked raw dal, cooked dal and whole seed of locally grown pulses viz. pigeonpea, lentil, desi and kabuli chickpea, and ricebean was carried out. Among the four treatments of all the pulses, highest yield in methanol was found in ricebean. Total phenolic content (mg GAEg-1) varied from 1.72-103.62 in all of the extracts. Similarly, flavonoids (mg CAEg-1) ranged from 1.13 to 33.66 which also found to be reduced in dehulled and cooked extracts. o-Dihydric phenols, hydrophobic and hydrophilic phenols followed order as: seed coat> whole seed> raw dal> cooked dal. Results obtained by DPPH method showed that free radical scavenging capacities ranged from 53.80 to 92.00% while antioxidant activity ranged from 51.00 to 78.60% by FTC method. A highly significant correlation (plessthan0.05) between antioxidant activities/free radical scavenging efficiencies and phenolic contents as well as flavonoids was observed in most of the extracts under study. The results concluded that the pulse seed extracts may be valuable natural source of secondary metabolites for nutraceutical industry.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF TINOSPORA SINENSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindita Banerjee ◽  
Bithin Maji ◽  
Sandip Mukherjee ◽  
Kausik Chaudhuri ◽  
Tapan Seal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the alpha (α)-amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory activities and in vitro antioxidant activities of the 80 % aqueous ethanol extracts of Tinosporasinensis Lour (Merr.).Methods: The 80% aq. ethanol extract of the plant was prepared. The plant extract was examined for its antioxidant activity by using free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, estimation of total phenolic content, flavonoid content and flavonol content. Different concentrations (2, 4, 8,10and 15 μg/ml) of the extract was subjected to α-amylase inhibitory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities and IC50were calculated.Results: The study revealed that the different concentrations of the plant extract possessed a very good amount of total phenolics, flavonoid and flavonol and exhibited potent radical scavenging activity using DPPH and ABTS as a substrate. The ethanol extracts exhibited significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value1.093µg and 1.04µg dry extract respectively and well compared with standard acarbose drug.Conclusion: Thus, it could be concluded that due to the presence of antioxidant components the plant extracts could be used for the treatment of hyperglycemia, diabetes and the related condition of oxidative stress. This knowledge will be useful in finding more potent components from the natural resources for the clinical development of antidiabetic therapeutics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document