scholarly journals Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Diabetic Patients Living in Rural Areas of Northern Iran in 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Arash Naghipour ◽  
◽  
Zahra Khatirnamani2 ◽  
Ehsan Allah Kalteh ◽  
Sonbol Taramian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Test ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
And Control

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial infection. Simultaneous onset of diabetes and TB can interfere with the treatment and control of TB. Objective: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of TB in diabetic patients living in rural areas of northern Iran. Materials and Methods: Participants were 925 diabetic patients living in rural areas of Kordkuy County, Golestan, Iran. Data were collected using a checklist surveying demographic characteristics and medical records of patients. To diagnose TB, they underwent a TB skin test, sputum smear test, chest radiography, and referring to an infectious diseases specialist, if needed. Results: Seven hundred sixteen of participants were female. The mean age of participants and their mean duration of diabetes were 58.4±11.1 and 8.39±5.47 years, respectively. Results of test showed that 62 patients had abnormal chest x-ray; 14 had coughing more than two weeks; 1 had fever; 2 had night sweats; 11 had sputum; 152 had positive TB skin test result; 10 had a history of previous TB; and 1 had active TB. Conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of TB in diabetic patients is 60 and 6 times higher than in general population, respectively.

Tuberculosis in Children in a Pediatric Hospital in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Napoleón González Saldaña ◽  
Mercedes Macías Parra ◽  
Hugo Juárez Olguín ◽  
José Iván Castillo Bejarano ◽  
Monica Punzo Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Culture Sensitivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Epidemiological Evaluation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children ◽  
Skin Test Result

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global problem and a diagnostic challenge, especially in pediatrics. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, microbiological, radiological, and histopathological data of TB in children. A 7-year retrospective and descriptive cohort study that included 127 patients under 18 years of age with diagnosis of active TB was conducted from 2011 to 2018 in a pediatric hospital. Tuberculosis was microbiologically confirmed using Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) staining, culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a total of 94 (74%) cases. Thirty-three cases were defined as probable TB based on tuberculin skin test result and epidemiological evaluation. The TB forms found were lymph node (39.3%), bone (15.7%), lung (13.6%), and meningeal TB (8.6%). The most common symptoms were fever (48.8%) and adenopathy (45.6%). History of contact was established in 34.6%. Positive ZN staining (sensitivity 30%) and culture (sensitivity 37%) were found in 29% and 37.7% of subjects, respectively. About 64.5% depicted abnormal chest X-ray. Xpert MTB/RIF® (PCR) was positive in 9.4% and biopsy was compatible in 52.7% of these samples. It is fundamental to have laboratory and epidemiological evaluation that support the diagnosis of the disease in children and thus, define its management; since, in most cases, early microbiologic confirmation is lacking.

Diabetes: Psychiatric and somatic comorbidity

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S396-S397
Author(s):  
J.Á. Monforte Porto ◽  
A. San Román Uría ◽  
C. Llanes Álvarez ◽  
P. Herguedas Vela ◽  
I.E. Escuer Núñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Somatic Comorbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
Symptomatic Control

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and mild cognitive impairment. To determine the psychiatric and somatic comorbidity in diabetic patients treated by our Liaison Psychiatry Unit.MethodsSociodemographic variables (age, sex, marital status, place of residence) and clinical (somatic disease that motivates the admission, comorbid somatic pathology, number of concomitant somatic diseases, drug consumption and its type, psychiatric history, previous psychiatric diagnosis, number of concomitant psychiatric disorders).Study DesignEpidemiological study of 172 diabetic patients, from the total of 906 consulted from 1 January 2012 until 31 December 2014.Bioethical considerationsThe study complies with the principles of justice, non-maleficence, autonomy and beneficence.ResultsThe average age is 72 years, 50% are women, 49.4% are married, and 54.1% live in rural areas. Somatic diseases that most frequently motivate admission at the hospital are the endocrine-metabolic (14%), gastrointestinal (12%) and cardiovascular (12.2%). A total of 32.5% of the sample have six comorbid somatic diseases and 55.2% five. A percentage of 14.5 of patients recognize consumption of toxic (cigarettes–12.2%–7.6% Alcohol). One hundred and eight patients have a history of psychiatric disorders (62.8%), especially anxiety disorders (28.4%), depression (14.5%) and organic mental disorders (11.1%).ConclusionsThere is a high psychiatric and somatic comorbidity in diabetic patients, therefore it would be desirable early diagnosis and treatment to provide symptomatic control of both types of pathologies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia in an adult patient

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Papadopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Misthos ◽  
Maria Chorti ◽  
Vlasios Skopas ◽  
Alexandra Nakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypoplasia ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recurrent Respiratory Infections ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Cystic Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

Pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) is a developmental anomaly of the lung parenchyma, characterized by a decrease in the number and size of airways, alveoli and vessels. We present a case of a 31-year-old patient with a history of chronic productive cough and frequent respiratory infections, who was referred for investigation of abnormal chest x-ray. The combination of chest computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy set the diagnosis of left pulmonary hypoplasia and the patient was treated surgically with a left pneumonectomy. PH is usually diagnosed immediately after birth, causing severe respiratory failure with high mortality. The less severe, unilateral forms can possibly survive by causing compensatory hyperinflation of the other lung and remain undiagnosed until adulthood, presenting either asymptomatic or with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and recurrent respiratory infections. Chest CT is considered the imaging technique of choice for the diagnosis and for the differential diagnosis from other congenital or acquired conditions. The treatment is usually conservative, although surgical resection is indicated in cases of severe cystic changes and intense symptomatology.

scholarly journals Prospective study on the knowledge and practice of foot care among diabetic patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 924
Author(s):  
Meghana Manjunath ◽  
Nandini T.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and the amputation rates due to DFUs are high in India. Proper diabetic foot care can minimize these rates. Although numerous such studies have been done, reinforcement of awareness to practice diabetic foot care is necessary to reduce the incidents of DFUs.Methods: 134 voluntary participants from SSMC, Tumkur and Karnataka Institute of Endocrinology and Research, Bangalore were included following ethical clearance. The patients were requested to fill the validated knowledge and practice questionnaire which were presented to them in their own language. Demographic details of the participants were also collected. The responses were recorded and statistically analyzed. A score of >70% was gauged as good, 50 to 70% as satisfactory and <50% as poor.Results: Of the 134 participants, 73.13% had good knowledge on foot care, 22.8% had good foot care practice and 73.13% had a satisfactory practice score. Patients with history of foot ulcer had a mean score (±SD) of 12.75 (±1.91) knowledge score and 47.75 (±6.05) practice score which is lower compared to those without history of ulcers, 13.86 (±2.37) and 55.40 (±6.88) respectively. Patients from urban and rural areas had about the same mean scores, 13.51 (±2.50), 54.98 (±6.83) and 13.30 (±2.60), 54.73 (±7.49) (knowledge, practice score) respectively.Conclusions: Foot care among diabetics is only satisfactory and has to be improved. Knowledge is the key to better practice so early diagnosis, repeated counselling, regular follow ups and good sugar control is necessary to reduce incidents of DFUs.

scholarly journals Digital Clubbing and Hodgkin Disease in Children: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Hossein Karami ◽  
◽  
Amir Mohammad Beyzaee ◽  
Farzad Masiha ◽  
Maryam Ghasemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Hodgkin Disease ◽  
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Digital Clubbing ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tomography Scan

Introduction: Digital clubbing (hypertrophic osteoarthropathy) as the initial presentation of lymphoma is rarely reported, particularly in children. In this study, we report a patient with intrathoracic Hodgkin Disease (HD) and digital clubbing as the first presentation, and we will review the literature regarding the same condition. Case Presentation: A 10-year-old boy presented with a 2-month history of cough, mild dyspnea, and night sweats, with prominent digital clubbing. A chest x-ray and a computed tomography scan of the chest showed multiple mediastinal masses. A mediastinal lymph node biopsy was done. Pathologic examination was indicative of nodular sclerosis HD. Conclusions: In patients with digital clubbing, intrathoracic malignancies should be considered a differential diagnosis and must be ruled out by precise examination and paraclinical help.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on diabetes epidemiology among people aged 40 years and above in Shenyang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Liu ◽  
Xiaojiu Li ◽  
Muhui Lin ◽  
Limin Zheng ◽  
Xiaohong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Treatment ◽  
And Control

Abstract This study aimed at understanding the diabetic prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates and their influencing factors among people aged ≥ 40 years in Shenyang, China. A face-to-face cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted on the respondents using the national unified questionnaire. A total of 3922 respondents were enrolled, including 609 cases of diabetes. The diabetic prevalence rate was 15.5%, and was higher in rural areas than that in urban areas (17.7% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.004), while no difference was observed between men and women (14.8% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.242). Advanced age, hypertension and dyslipidemia were the diabetes influencing factors. Among the 609 respondents with diabetes, the diabetic awareness and treatment rates, and the control rate of fasting plasma glucose were 82.3%, 36.6% and 17.1%, respectively. In different age groups, the diabetic awareness rate was higher in men than that in women, and the treatment rate was higher in women than that in men. The diabetic patients, who consumed fruit for ≥ 5 days a week, accounted for 16.3%, and their diabetic treatment (28.1%) and control rates (44.1%) were lower. Shenyang people aged ≥ 40 years have higher diabetic prevalence and awareness rates, and lower diabetic treatment and control rates. Finally, it is necessary to enhance awareness and education about diabetes, to improve its treatment and control rates.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites among Patients with Chronic Urticaria in Northern Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhar Mahdi ◽  
Ghaffari Javad ◽  
Dabbaghzadeh Abbas ◽  
Yazdani Charati Jamshid ◽  
Ghaffari Bahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Urticaria ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) has a range of clinical demonstrations and causes. Parasitic infections are mentioned as one of the main causes of the CU. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients with CU compared with healthy subjects. Methods: A total of 169 cases and 210 controls were included in this study. Ages ranged from 1 to 77 years old. Results: Of the 379 individuals examined here, 208 were from urban areas and 171 from rural areas. Three stool samples were taken from each patient in three consecutive days. Based on parasitological tests, 7 (4.1%) cases from 169 patients with CU and 6 (2.9%) cases from 210 non- CU group individuals were positive for intestinal parasites. Conclusion: The prevalence of various parasites between case and control groups was not significant.

scholarly journals Differences and similarities between the symptoms and clinical signs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
Sonja Smiljic ◽  
Blagica Radovic ◽  
Aleksandra Ilic ◽  
Goran Trajkovic ◽  
Sladjana Savic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background/Aim. Tuberculosis in the second decade of the 21st century is an infectious disease with the highest mortality rate. In addition, in developed countries, pneumonia is the major couse of morbidity and mortality in adults. The aim of our study was to point out the differences and similarities between symptoms, laboratory parameters and clinical indicators in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and patients with pneumonia in the general population and in people belonging to the high risk groups for developing tuberculosis. Methods. This prospective study included patients with PTB (n = 70) and pneumonia (n = 75) treated at the Pulmonology Department of Clinical Hospital Center in Kosovska Mitrovica. Results. PTB was more frequent in men, 30?39 years of age (OR; 6:08), mainly from rural areas (p = 0.001), and with lower levels of education (p = 0.031). Pneumonia was more frequent in women older than 60 years of age (p = 0.0012). Night sweats (p = 0.001) and weight loss (p = 0.062) were significantly more frequent in patients with PTB, while chest pain (p = 0.001) and high temperature (p = 0.036) were more common in patients with pneumonia. X-ray changes in patients with PTB were located in the upper fields (p = 0.001), or appeared to be bilateral (p = 0.004). The strongest predictor associated with an increased risk of night sweats was diagnosed PTB (OR = 30.0). The chest pain was a predictor of pneumonia, unilateral changes (OR = 4.65) in the lower lung fields (OR = 0.08). Conclusion. Night sweats, weight loss and chest X-ray abnormalities in upper fields were significant indicators of PTB. Chest pain, fever and chest X-ray abnormalities in lower fields were significant indicators of pneumonia.

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