An Economist on History: Deirdre Mccloskey’s Perspective

2014 ◽  
pp. 129-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zaostrovtsev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western World ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Deirdre Mccloskey

The article analyzes the conception of the history and progress of mankind, presented in recent fundamental research by Deirdre McCloskey. The author stresses the non-materialistic view of institutional change that is characteristic of them. The article examines the controversy with almost all current explanations of the breakthrough of the Western world to the economic growth and prosperity. The paper also presents McCloskey’s own theory that explains this breakthrough by the radical change of rhetoric recognizing the “bourgeois virtues” and the dignity of the bourgeoisie. Attention is drawn to the fact that McCloskey’s views repudiate the predetermined course of history, on the one hand, and its irreversibility, on the other.

Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dina Amelia
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Western World ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Voice

There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN A DIVERSE SOCIAL SETTING-EVIDENCE FROM AUSTRALIAN AND SINGAPOREAN MANAGERS

2001 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 273-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
CECIL A. L. PEARSON ◽  
SAMIR R. CHATTERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Entrepreneurship ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Work Setting ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Geographic Boundaries ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The One

Despite the growing acceptance that entrepreneurship facilitates national economic growth there has been a lack of research in diverse international contexts. This paper assesses relationships between contextual work setting properties and three personality characteristics that have been identified in the Western literature as being associated with entrepreneurial motivation. Responses from 410 Australian and Singaporean entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs demonstrate on the one hand there was systematic entrepreneurial variation between the two countries, but on the other hand, the influence of personal attributes on entrepreneurship were not hampered by geographic boundaries. The findings are discussed in terms of challenges for international entrepreneurship.

The State of the Art in Management Education Applicable to Aerospace Activities

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (677) ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
F. H. East
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Management Education ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Defence Budget ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

The Aviation Group of the Ministry of Technology (formerly the Ministry of Aviation) is responsible for spending a large part of the country's defence budget, both in research and development on the one hand and production or procurement on the other. In addition, it has responsibilities in many non-defence fields, mainly, but not exclusively, in aerospace.Few developments have been carried out entirely within the Ministry's own Establishments; almost all have required continuous co-operation between the Ministry and Industry. In the past the methods of management and collaboration and the relative responsibilities of the Ministry and Industry have varied with time, with the type of equipment to be developed, with the size of the development project and so on. But over the past ten years there has been a growing awareness of the need to put some system into the complex business of translating a requirement into a specification and a specification into a product within reasonable bounds of time and cost.

scholarly journals The Theory of Democratic Antinomies and the Identification of Value Trade-Offs in Political Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Relevant Issue ◽  
General Argument ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The One ◽  
Existence Of Value

In theory, the idea of democracy consists of several insoluble contradictions, aporias, and conflicts. In practice, democracy demands an effective balancing of its essentially opposing principles and values in order to preserve an authentic character as well as to avoid its inherent self-destructive tendencies. In this regard, the concept of value trade-offs promises a heuristic tool to grasp both the analytical and normative impact of a political theory which takes the complexity of democracy seriously. Proceeding from this, the contribution will demonstrate to what extent the conceptualisation of democratic antinomies and the notion of value trade-offs can be seen as a kind of communicating vessel. The article’s general argument is that democracy is defined by several antinomies that are irreducible in theory and therefore require trade-offs in political practice. Moreover, it will discuss three relevant issue areas to suggest the approach’s empirical relevance and to prove the existence of value trade-offs as an operating benchmark for the legitimacy and consolidation of democratic processes on the one hand but also for their shortcomings and risks on the other. Correspondingly, the article concerns the antinomic relationships between freedom and security, economic growth and sustainability, and finally, democracy and populism to underpin the general perception that the success of democratic institutions first and foremost depends on the balance of the necessarily conflicting principles of democracy.

South African Economy: No Easy Life Ahead

2015 ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
P. Mozias
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
South African ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Current Account Deficit ◽  
National Development ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
The Other ◽  
The One

South African rand depreciated in 2013–2014 under the influence of a number of factors. Internationally, its weakness was associated with the capital outflow from all emerging markets as a result of QE’s tapering in the US. Domestically, rand plummeted because of the deterioration of the macroeconomic stance of South Africa itself: economic growth stalled and current account deficit widened again. Consumer spending was restrained with the high household indebtedness, investment climate worsened with the wave of bloody strikes, and net export was still prone to J-curve effect despite the degree of the devaluation happened. But, in its turn, those problems are a mere reflection of the deep institutional misbalances inherent to the very model of the national economy. Saving rate is too low in South Africa. This leads not only to an insufficient investment, but also to trade deficits and overdependence on speculative capital inflows. Extremely high unemployment means that the country’s economic potential is substantially underutilized. Joblessness is generated, first and foremost, by the dualistic structure of the national entrepreneurship. Basic wages are being formed by way of a bargaining between big public and semi state companies, on the one hand, and trade unions associated with the ruling party, on the other. Such a system is biased towards protection of vested interests of those who earn money in capital-intensive industries. At the same time, these rates of wages are prohibitively high for a small business; so far private companies tend to avoid job creation. A new impulse to economic development is likely to emerge only through the government’s efforts to mitigate disproportions and to pursue an active industrial policy. National Development Plan adopted in 2012 is a practical step in that direction. But the growth of public investment is constrained by a necessity of fiscal austerity; as a result, the budget deficit remained too large in recent years. South African Reserve Bank will have to choose between a stimulation of economic growth with low interest rates, on the one hand, and a support of rand by tightening of monetary policy, on the other. This dilemma will greatly influence prices of securities and yields at South African financial markets.

A Critical Analysis of the Limitations and Effects of the Brazilian National Broadband Plan

2013 ◽  
pp. 255-274
Author(s):  
André Lemos ◽  
Francisco Paulo Jamil Almeida Marques
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
State Monopoly ◽  
Telecommunications Services ◽  
The One

This chapter examines the limitations and the socio-political effects of the Brazilian National Broadband Plan (PNBL: is its Portuguese acronym). The discussion considers the main transformations witnessed in the telecommunications landscape in Brazil during the second half of the twentieth century. On the one hand, the end of state monopoly of telecommunications services and the provision of such services by the private sector called for greater investments in infrastructure. On the other hand, the Brazilian regulatory agencies have failed to lower prices, promote competition, and spread broadband access to remote and underserved areas. The PNBL was launched in order to deal with these difficulties. The plan, however, has at least three important problems: (1) the low-speed connection offered to users, (2) the unattractive prices, and (3) the lack of reflection on issues such as net neutrality. The text argues that only by taking such issues into consideration will the plan ensure innovation, economic growth, diversity, and freedom of access to information.

The Pattern of Economic Growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-98
Author(s):  
Tirthankar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
National Income ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Definite Pattern ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The One

Economic change in colonial India followed a definite pattern. Chapter 3 describes the pattern with statistical data. The chapter shows that the average rate of growth of national income per capita was low, but that the average picture is misleading since the experiences of agriculture on the one hand and industry and services on the other differed greatly. The presence of dissimilar trajectories complicates the task of explaining the pattern of change. The chapter suggests that instead of asking if colonialism and globalization made India rich or poor, we should be asking why colonialism and globalization made some livelihoods rich and left some others poor. Chapter 3 surveys the statistical data that enables asking question like this one.

The Bar and Its Works

2019 ◽  
pp. 289-318
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Law Firms ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Technical Sense ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

This chapter discusses the bar, covering its organization, legal education, and the legal literature of the law. The bar was open to almost all men in a technical sense. But class and background did make a difference. Jacksonian ideology should not be taken at face value. The bar was, for one thing, somewhat stratified, even in the nineteenth century. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, there is a tremendous social distance between a Wall Street partner on the one hand, and on the other hand, lawyers who scrambled for a living at the bottom of the heap. Lawyers from wealthy or professional backgrounds were far more likely to reach the heights than lawyers from working-class homes. In 1800 and 1850, there were no large law firms, and hardly any firms at all.

scholarly journals Pengeluaran Pemerintah dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia : Analisis Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regression

2018 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bayu Kharisma ◽  
Adji Pratikto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Almost All

The paper aims to examine how the growth impact of government spending in Indonesia, with a focus on several expenditure sectors, namely defense, education, health, agriculture, transport and communications, and manufacturing sectors. Based on the 17 sectors studied, only 6 sectors significantly influence economic growth, namely industrial sector, agriculture and irrigation sector, transportation and transportation sector, environment and spatial sector, political sector and mass media lighting, and security of order. Meanwhile, of the six sectors, only the security sector of order has a positive effect on economic growth, while the other five sectors negatively affect economic growth. If not paid attention to the level of significance, almost all sectors of development expenditure have a negative impact on economic growth, only 5 sectors that have a positive influence that is the labor sector, education sector, national culture, trust in God YME, youth and sports, housing and residential sector , the science and technology sector, as well as the security and order sectors. However, only the security sector of order has a significant effect, while the other four sectors have no significant effect. This result differs from previously conclusions, where their overall conclusion of the government development spending sector has a significant effect, the effect being positive. However, the same conclusions are generated for the security and order sectors, where the results are positive and significant.

scholarly journals A theory of tracheal respiration in insects

1930 ◽  
Vol 106 (743) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
Physiological Studies ◽  
Farthest Point ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Satisfactory Theory

A satisfactory theory of tracheal respiration would not only be of considerable academic interest but, since respiratory poisons are employed for the destruction of many harmful insects, it might prove of great practical value. Physiological studies on the tracheæ of insects have aimed chiefly at establishing, on the one hand, the mode of ending of these air-containing tubes, and, on the other, the forces which maintain the supply of oxygen to their terminations. As regards the former of these problems, there is no general agreement; for most of those who have studied the subject have worked with different organs from different insects, and almost all have assumed that the farthest point to which they have succeeded in tracing the tubes is in fact their termination. In certain cases, however, there is no doubt that the tracheal capillaries or tracheoles penetrate within the cytoplasm of the tissue cells (see Wigglesworth, 1929).

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