scholarly journals ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ЖИТТЄВОГО ЦИКЛУ СТВОРЕННЯ НОВОЇ ТЕХНІКИ В УМОВАХ КОНКУРЕНЦІЇ ТА СТОХАСТИЧНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ РИНКУ ЗБУТУ ВИСОКОТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Олег Євгенович Федорович ◽  
Олег Семенович Уруський ◽  
Людмила Миколаївна Лутай ◽  
Ксенія Олегівна Западня
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
New Technique ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stochastic Behavior ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Competitive Products

The task to optimize the life cycle of new technique (aerospace, engineering products, etc.) in difficult economic conditions is stated and solved. The aim of the study is to develop a method to reduce the life cycle of complex technique creation. The subject of the research is the planning and management of the life cycle of complex technique in a highly competitive environment and stochastic behavior of high-tech products market. The paper shows the contradictions between the planned nature of modern production, which operates in conditions of Industry 4.0 and the stochastic behavior of the market. This contradiction leads to the relevance of short-term production plans with minimal risks. Therefore, the planning of the production system is carried out based on the portfolio that can be done in the short term. When planning new orders, it is necessary to shorten the life cycle of new equipment creation by analyzing the main stages: design, preparation of production, production. The optimization model to select the measures (project actions) at the initial stage of the life cycle is proposed. In order to generate the set from which the alternative options for activities are selected, expert assessments being ordered on the basis of the importance of time indicators, competitiveness, innovation, costs and risks are used. Simulation of the shortening of the new technique creation life cycle at a time of capacity constraints of production that creates high-tech products is carried out. The following mathematical models and methods are used: system analysis, optimization using integer programming, multi-criteria optimization, expert assessments, simulation modeling, agent-based modeling, risk assessment. The method allows to create competitive products at a time of capacity constraints by means of planning to shorten the life cycle of new technique creation and resources management.

Features of interaction of the state and transnational companies

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Poradenko Оlena
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Transnational Companies ◽  
Expert Assessments

The purpose of the article is to assess the global experience of TNCs in stateinvestment processes. The instruments of state influence on the activities of TNCsare characterized. It is shown that the legal regulation of the activities of TNCsis impossible without resorting to international legal sources of regulation offoreign direct investment. the research methodology consists in using a combinationof methods: expert assessments, comparative and system analysis. The indicatedmethodological approach made it possible to analyze the strengths and weaknessesof the interaction between the state and TNCs and, through them, justify the useof a specific strategy. the scientific novelty of the results obtained is to determinethe role of TNCs in the world economy and countries’ politics, given in particularthe positive and negative consequences of their activities and the fact that theemergence of such international corporations is a logical step in the developmentof the international economy and is a necessary stage in the modern reorganizationand development of the country’s economy. conclusion. In the current stage ofeconomic development, government influence is necessary to maintain andredistribute investment flows to high-tech sectors related to the development ofindustries, which will increase the long-term international competitiveness of TNCsin the markets of global economy sectors.

scholarly journals Multiagent modeling of production logistics in the creation of high-tech products

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Oleg Fedorovich ◽  
Liudmyla Lutai
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Production Logistics ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Component Architecture ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Distributed Production

Economic instability and stochastic behavior of the market lead to the need to develop new methods and models to reduce the life cycle of high-tech products. Therefore, the urgent task is a detailed consideration and analysis of each main stage of the life cycle of creating complex technical products. The current study develops a method for optimizing production processes. The subject of research is a production planning and management as the main stage of the life cycle. The method proposed in the publication is based on the component architecture of the created innovative high-tech product, which is obtained because of decomposition at the initial stage of design. Modern production is of distributed nature. While planning production, it is necessary to pay attention to the management and synchronization of material and other types of flows in the logistics chain of distributed production. To form a set of basic and subsidiary operations of distributed production, it is necessary to consider the logistical features, the level of decomposition of the component architecture of the created product, as well as the type of component in the production cycle. Logistics operations are conducted following the requirements for the relevant indicators, namely, the cost of the operation, quality, competitiveness, innovation, the risk of the operation. The main criterion for optimization is the duration of operations. The work uses multi-agent simulation modeling of a sequential logistics chain of production processes, as well as mathematical models and methods: system analysis, optimization using integer programming, multi-criteria optimization, and expert evaluations. The method reduces the duration of the production cycle for the manufacture of individual components of the complex architecture of high-tech products by determining the optimal set of production and ancillary logistics operations for each component, considering the requirements for key production indicators, which minimize production time of high-tech products.

scholarly journals Environmental Consequences of Closing the Textile Loop—Life Cycle Assessment of a Circular Polyester Jacket

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2964
Author(s):  
Gregor Braun ◽  
Claudia Som ◽  
Mélanie Schmutz ◽  
Roland Hischier
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Energy And Material Flows

The textile industry is recognized as being one of the most polluting industries. Thus, the European Union aims to transform the textile industry with its “European Green Deal” and “Circular Economy Action Plan”. Awareness regarding the environmental impact of textiles is increasing and initiatives are appearing to make more sustainable products with a strong wish to move towards a circular economy. One of these initiatives is wear2wearTM, a collaboration consisting of multiple companies aiming to close the loop for polyester textiles. However, designing a circular product system does not lead automatically to lower environmental impacts. Therefore, a Life Cycle Assessment study has been conducted in order to compare the environmental impacts of a circular with a linear workwear jacket. The results show that a thoughtful “circular economy system” design approach can result in significantly lower environmental impacts than linear product systems. The study illustrates at the same time the necessity for Life Cycle Assessment practitioners to go beyond a simple comparison of one product to another when it comes to circular economy. Such products require a wider system analysis approach that takes into account multiple loops, having interconnected energy and material flows through reuse, remanufacture, and various recycling practices.

Digital platform of production systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
O.I. Bochkarev ◽  
P.N. Bilenko ◽  
V.G. Beltsov ◽  
E.A. Asanova
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Technological Breakthrough ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Competitive Products

The Russian manufacturing companies are faced with the task of a technological breakthrough and bringing high-tech competitive products to world markets. The results of the study demonstrated the urgent need for enterprises to develop production systems using digital services combined into platforms. The article proposes an approach to the construction and development of production systems based on the use of both world experience and knowledge, and new digital services and systems of tools, developed at domestic enterprises. The sequence of targeted steps to implement digital transformation is highlighted.

Computer Aided Dynamical System Analysis and Control for Undergraduate Courses

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McCorkell ◽  
N. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Synthesis Techniques ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Computational Requirement ◽  
And Control

Dynamical system analysis is included in undergraduate courses in the Northern Ireland Polytechnic, as part of a presentation of general engineering methodology and more particularly, accompanied by synthesis techniques, in control options at final year honours level. Such is the extent of the computational requirement, necessary for a non-trivial treatment, that steps have been taken to introduce computer usage where possible. Included is information on the initial stage of a project undertaken to provide for the computational needs of undergraduates involved in dynamical problems in the laboratory.

Quantifying Office Productivity: An Ergonomic Framework

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (13) ◽  
pp. 974-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Hedge
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Task Time ◽  
Ergonomic Interventions ◽  
The Impact

An ergonomic framework for conceptualizing and measuring office productivity is described. This framework is based on the the analysis of task time, posture and sequence, and the subsequent the determination of the most appropriate pace, posture, and activities for any office job. The framework assesses various measures of pace, proficiency, and posture that currently can be readily assessed by ergonomists, and it uses these measures to quantify the short-term duty cycle productivity (DCP) and in the longer-term life-cycle productivity (LCP) of office workers. The approach that will be described allows companies to evaluate the impact of ergonomic interventions on the productivity of their workers. The benefits of this ergonomic approach to assessing productivity are discussed.

scholarly journals Development of a Monitoring System for Maintenance and Repair of High-Tech Equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 03044
Author(s):  
Andrey Korneev ◽  
Alexandr Kozlov ◽  
Tamara Lavrukhina ◽  
Andrey Strukov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Theory ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Engineering Teams ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Service Channels

The article presents a system for monitoring high-tech equipment, uses methods of system analysis and decision theory to optimize organizational tasks in the maintenance of high-tech equipment. The possibility of optimizing service channels based on the parameters set by the requirements for performing a certain type of work is considered. The monitoring system of high-tech equipment (MSHTE) is presented in the form of blocks that take into account all types of high-tech equipment, components and assemblies of each of them, technical characteristics, operating parameters, a list of the composition of engineering teams that perform the corresponding maintenance work.

scholarly journals Building lifecycle management based on 4D modelling as the main workspace for building risk assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 02023
Author(s):  
R Kazaryan ◽  
N Galaeva ◽  
R Avetisyan ◽  
Sh Aliev
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Basic Block ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Element Base

The use of information technology in the management of construction projects has become a decisive factor for the successful completion of projects, taking into account time, quality and financial costs. There are challenges in visualizing the planning process and integrating information between stakeholders. The paper considers some aspects of the development trend of information technology in construction. The element base, including the risks arising during the design and construction, associated with the direct use of computer and mathematical models of the object in the design is considered. The generated information models will provide basic information for the participants in the design process, which ultimately will be the basis of the element base of an effective tool for ensuring project life cycle management. The following methods were used: system analysis, logical-mathematical modelling, systems theory, economic-visual modelling, research methods of operations, economic and mathematical methods. A basic block diagram of 4D modelling is presented to minimize the occurrence of risks during design. The model allows considering the possibility of assessing the duration of the project, the level of labour productivity, as well as visualizing the construction process. The presented analysis indicates the importance of using 4D modelling in relation to the life cycle of the object in order to prevent the possibility of construction risks.

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