scholarly journals РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТРУКТУРИ СМЕРТНОСТІ НАСЕЛЕННЯ

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Лариса Олексіївна Попова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Зорина ◽  
Наталія Миколаївна Суховеєнко
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
External Causes

A noticeable increase in the mortality rate of the population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic updates research in the field of mortality and life expectancy. The article compares the dynamics and mortality rate from the main causes of death in Russia and the Komi Republic on the eve of a pandemic. The aim of the study is to identify regional opportunities for increasing life expectancy due to the characteristics of the structure of mortality by causes. The subject of the research is mortality of the population of Russia and the Komi Republic due to causes of death. Methods used. The study was carried out on the basis of official data from Rosstat for the period 1990-2019, characterized by multidirectional trends in life expectancy. Methods of systemic, statistical and dynamic analysis and comparison were used. The main hypothesis of the study is the assumption of the presence of significant regional reserves for the growth of life expectancy for all major classes of causes of death. Presentation of the main material. In Russia, the period under review is characterized by a decrease in mortality from respiratory diseases, external causes and diseases of the circulatory system, in Komi - only from a group of external causes. But its level and share in the structure of mortality remain higher than the national average - this is still the main reserve for increasing life expectancy. There has been a convergence with the all-Russian parameters of the level and proportion of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, which previously favorably distinguished the region. Komi is characterized by significantly more unfavorable dynamics and mortality rates from diseases of the digestive system and from neoplasms. The republic approached the beginning of the pandemic with a less favorable situation with mortality from respiratory diseases, but with a more favorable situation from infectious and parasitic diseases. The region has reserves for increasing life expectancy for almost all major causes of mortality. Originality and practical significance of the research. Revealing the specifics of the structure of mortality by causes makes it possible to determine regional priorities in demographic policy. Conclusions and prospects for further research. The COVID-19 pandemic has made significant changes in the structure of mortality by cause, which will be the subject of our further research.

scholarly journals Mortality in Russia: the second epidemiological revolution that never was

2015 ◽  
pp. 4-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Age Of Death

The article looks at different approaches to the conceptualization of the modern stage of mortality reduction (the "new stages” of the epidemiological transition, "the second epidemiological revolution”, the “health transition”). During this stage, which has lasted for at least half a century, revolutionary changes have taken place in most developed countries. These changes manifest themselves in the drastic expansion of the degree of control over non-infectious causes of death—particularly over diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, and other non-communicable diseases, as well as over external causes of death. As a consequence of these changes, there has been a rapid shift of deaths from the abovementioned causes to older ages, an increase in the mean age of death from these causes, and, ultimately, a significant rise in life expectancy. Russia, unfortunately, is watching this revolution from the outside, without taking any part in it. The age distribution of deaths from major classes of causes of death in Russia has not changed over the past half-century, life expectancy has stagnated, and Russia has increasingly lagged behind the majority of developed countries with respect to this indicator. Thus, the “second epidemiological revolution” has not yet to occur in Russia.

scholarly journals Mortality from external causes in Russia over half a century

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kvasha ◽  
Tatiana Kharkova ◽  
Valeriy Yumaguzin
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Undetermined Intent ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
External Causes

The article discusses long-term mortality trends (since 1956) from external causes of death in Russia. Russia has long lagged behind developed countries in this domain. The level of mortality from external causes of death remains high and its structure is still archaic with large contribution of homicides, alcohol poisoning and injuries of undetermined intent. Excess number of deaths from life tables of Russia and Western European countries is compared. It is shown that in Russia the greatest excess losses are associated with mortality from poisonings among both sexes, suicide among men and homicide among women. Mortality from external causes, along with mortality from diseases of the circulatory system, has had a significant impact on life expectancy. In general, over the period 1956-2012 the increase in mortality from external causes in the 15-64 age group reduced life expectancy by 2.6 years for males and 0.7 years for females. The decline, starting in 2003, of mortality from external causes of death has slightly reduced the gap between Russia and developed countries, bringing the current Russian level closer to those levels reached in Russia in the mid-1960s and 1980s. However, given the fluctuations of mortality from external causes, it is premature to say whether the current decline in mortality is robust.

scholarly journals Characteristics of mortality in the Orenburg region population in 2011-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Evgenii L. Borschuk ◽  
Dmitrii N. Begun ◽  
Tatyana V. Begun
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
The Third ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
External Causes

Objectives - to study the mortality indicators, their dynamics and structure, in the population of the Orenburg region in the period of 2011-2017. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the data from the territorial authority of statistics in the Orenburg region in the period from 2011 to 2017. The analytical, demographic and statistical methods were implemented for the study of the demographic indicators. Results. Cities and municipal settlements of the Orenburg region with high mortality indicators were included in the second and fourth clusters during the cluster analysis. The first and third clusters included cities and municipal settlements with an average mortality. The most favorable position has the Orenburg area with the lowest mortality rate in the region in 2017 - 8.4%. The dynamics of mortality rates among the male and female population tends to decrease, more pronounced dynamics is in men. Though, the male population is characterized by higher mortality rates in all age groups. The leading position among the causes of death is taken by diseases of the circulatory system (46.3% of the total mortality). The second position is occupied by tumors (17.2%), the third - by external causes (8.4%). Mortality from circulatory system diseases and from external causes has reduced. The dynamics of mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The rank of leading causes of death is not identical in the clusters: in the third and fourth clusters, the other causes occupy the second place in the structure of mortality, while tumors occupy the third. Conclusion. In the Orenburg region, the mortality rate is higher than overage in the Russian Federation by 0.9 per 1000 people. The study revealed significant territorial differences in the mortality rates. In general, the mortality among men in all age groups is higher than the mortality of women. The mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system plays the leading role in the structure of mortality, but has the tendency for decline. Until 2006, the mortality from external causes ranked the second place, now the second place is taken by death from tumors The mortality from external causes is decreasing; mortality from tumors does not change significantly. The obtained results could be used by local authorities in developing the program of public health protection and assessing its effectiveness.

CURRENT TRENDS IN MORTALITY IN INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF THE ARCTIC MACROREGION: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
T.L. Kharkova ◽  
◽  
E.A. Kvasha ◽  
B.A. Revich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mortality Reduction ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes ◽  
National Trends

The authors have evaluated dynamics in indicators of standardized mortality and life expectancy in the industrial cities of the Arctic macroregion. Those cities are characterized by a higher mortality rate including mortality from external causes compared to the Russian indicators. The highest mortality from lung cancer is registered in the city of Norilsk. Purpose. To identify trends in life expectancy and main causes of death in a number of cities with the developed industry of the Arctic macroregion, namely: Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Syktyvkar, Norilsk and Novy Urengoy, in comparison with the urban population of Russia as a whole. Material and methods. Analysis of mortality in the selected cities was carried out on the basis of the Rosstat data with a breakdown on sex, age and causes of death for 2008-2019. To level random annual fluctuations, mortality rates were calculated for four three-year periods. The decomposition method was used to analyze contribution of groups of causes of death to changes in life expectancy. Results. Dynamics in life expectancy in the Arctic cities generally follow he national trends with certain differences. Cities in the Arctic macroregion are characterized by a greater contribution of the reduced mortality from external causes to the rise in life expectancy. Moreover, in Norilsk, the contribution of diseases of the circulatory system in both men and women was negative, and it was the decrease in mortality from external causes that contributed to the increase in life expectancy. However, mortality from external causes of death in the Arctic cities remains higher compared to the all-Russia indicator. This city is characterized by higher mortality from neoplasms, (mortality from lung cancer is 1.2-2.5 times higher). Despite the increase in life expectancy in the Arctic cities over the past decade, trends in mortality from some causes of death in some cities remain negative. Conclusion. Trends in mortality in the Arctic cities largely repeat the national ones but are characterized by a number of features that should be taken into account while developing regional measures for effective mortality reduction. A special attention should be focused on such reserve of mortality reduction as diseases of the respiratory and digestive system, neoplasms, infections as well as external causes of death.

scholarly journals Avoidable mortality from circulatory system diseases in Moldova

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Vitalie V. Stirba
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Avoidable Mortality ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Hypertensive Diseases

Mortality from avoidable circulatory system diseases causes one of the major losses in life expectancy, especially in males and population of working ages. The main contributors are the deaths caused by ischaemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and hypertensive diseases. This article analyses the trends in avoidable mortality caused by diseases of the circulatory system and estimates the possible increases in life expectancy due to the elimination of these causes of death. In this regard, the author uses methods of standardization, mortality decomposition and cause-elimination model. The study shows a decline in avoidable mortality from circulatory system diseases during the analyzed period, especially for earlier ages. At the same time, there is a significant differentiation in mortality dynamics depending on sex. In 2016–2018, avoiding these deaths could assure an increase in life expectancy by 3.8 years in males and 2.8 years in females. This possible increase in life expectancy could be partially achieved by improving the quality of the health care system and introducing policies and programs aimed at improving the health of the population. Moreover, programs aimed at preventing diseases of the circulatory system might influence on mortality diminution from other non-communicable diseases and external causes of death.

ASSESSMENT OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF THE POPULATION RESIDING IN THE TULA REGION IN THE AREAS WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF HEA VYMETALS IN THE SOIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
KHROMUSHIN V.A. ◽  
◽  
VOLKOV A.V. ◽  
KHADARTSEV A.A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Algebraic Model ◽  
Constructive Logic ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Regional Mortality

The article presents the relevance of the problem, defines the research purpose: to compare the average life expectancy of the population in the areas of the Tula region with different contents of heavy metals in the class of causes of death “Respiratory diseases ”. The authors used the data of the regional mortality register, the results of analyzes of the content of heavy metals (copper, lead, zinc, nickel) in the soil by atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the calculation of the average life expectancy by the algebraic model of constructive logic. The results indicate a decrease in average life expectancy due to the presence of heavy metals in the soil, but the average life expectancy in both contaminated and non-contaminated areas is gradually increasing.

scholarly journals Perinatal Mortality and Morbidity at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan 1985-1986

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Guslihan D. Tjipta ◽  
Dachrul Aldy ◽  
Noersida Raid ◽  
Baren Ratur Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Hospital Quality ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
The Subject

A retrospective study was conducted on babies born during January 1985 to December 1986 at Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. The aim of this study was to evaluate perinatal mortality and morbidity, and various possible factors related to the subject matter.The main results can be summarized as follows : There were 7102 deliveries during the study period consisting of 999 babies weighing less than 2500 gram and 6103 with body weight of 2500 gram or more. Perinatal mortality rate was 563.56 o/oo in the first group and 78.49 o/oo in the second while the avera/ mortality rate was 146.72 o/oo.Rate of perinatal demise was high in babies born from mothers in the age groups of below 20 and above 35 years, namely 681 .82 o/oo and 202.19 o/oo. It was also high among primiparae (165.67 o/oo) and more so among grandmultiparae (246.46 o/oo).There were 1966 (30.49%) ill newborn babies with asphyxia neonatorum accounting for 44.91%, infection 30.42% and respiratory problems 9.21% of the main causes of illness, while respiratory problems (40.05%) and injection (28.68%) constituted the main causes of death .We concluded that the rate of perinatal mortality and morbidity is still high at this hospital. Quality of prenatal and neonatal care with extensive public health education is necessary to be enhanced for the reduction of perinatal mortality and morbidity.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY RATE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE POLTAVA REGION AND THE WAYS OF ITS REDUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091
Author(s):  
Valentyn M. Dvornyk ◽  
Inna V. Bielikova ◽  
Ludmyla M. Shylkina ◽  
Valentyna L. Filatova ◽  
Natalia M. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Second Neoplasms ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
External Causes Of Death ◽  
External Causes

Introduction: Saving and improvement of population’ health is one of the main priorities of the policy in any country. Studying of the level and causes of mortality is a powerful tool for assessing the effectiveness of health care systems. WHO recommends using of the European classification of preventable causes of death that based on three levels of prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the level and structure of mortality of the population of Ukraine and the Poltava region, to substantiate scientific approaches to the study and identification of those causes of death that can be prevented in order to formulate prevention programs at different level. Materials and methods: In research are used the information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and from the Center for Medical Statistics of the MoH of Ukraine. Review: Despite the positive dynamics of mortality in recent years, both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine, the indicators remain extremely negative. About 73.3% of all fatalities in Ukraine are three main types of causes cardiovascular diseases, external causes of death and neoplasms. In the Poltava region, 70.56% of all causes of death are due to cardiovascular disease; neoplasms occupy 13.88%; external causes - 4.87%; diseases of the digestive system - 3,06%; respiratory diseases - 1.31% of the causes of death. Conclusions: The mortality rate both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine has tendency for declines, but remains rather high. General trends in the structure of causes of death: in the first place are diseases of the cardiovascular system, the second - neoplasms, the third -external causes. Structuring of the causes of death that based on the principle of prevention in Ukraine do not conduct.

scholarly journals Mortality rate of adolescents in the Republic of Serbia

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 503-506
Author(s):  
Nevenka Roncevic ◽  
Aleksandra Stojadinovic
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
External Causes

Introduction. Adolescents are the healthiest age group of the population but many studies show that period of adolescence is marked by significant morbidity and mortality. Health indicators of adolescent population have been getting worse during past decades. The aim of this study was to determine mortality rate of adolescents in the Republic of Serbia to determine most common causes of death in adolescence and to explore regional differences in adolescent mortality. Materials and methods: Documentation tables of vital statistics in the Republic of Serbia in 2004, and Documentation Tables of Census 2002 were used. The causes of mortality were classified according to ICD 10. Results and discussion. Specific morality rate in the Republic of Serbia is 32.08 on 100.000 adolescents. The leading causes of death in adolescence are injuries, malignancies and non specified causes, and there are significant regional differences, as well as gender and age differences. The mortality rate of male adolescents is about 2.4 times higher than the mortality rates in female adolescents. The mortality rate of older adolescents is significantly higher than mortality rate of younger adolescents. The mortality of adolescents is higher in Vojvodina than in Central Serbia. Precise data of external causes of death do not exist in vital statistics in our country. Conclusion. The mortality of adolescents is high, especially for older male adolescents (15 to 19 years of age) and majority of deaths among adolescents could be prevented. It is necessary to improve data of vital statistics to get better insight into causes of adolescent death.

scholarly journals MEDICAL AND STATISTICAL INDICATORS OF MORTALITY IN EMPLOYEES OF RUSSIAN STATE FIRE SERVICE (1996–2015)

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Aleksanin ◽  
E. V. Bobrinev ◽  
V. I. Evdokimov ◽  
A. A. Kondashov ◽  
N. A. Mukhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Statistical Indicators

Relevance. Russia has high mortality rates in general and among the working-age population, with dominating effects of external causes.Intention– To study rates and structures of the medical-statistical indicators of mortality due to diseases and the effects of external causes in the employees of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia over 20 years from 1996 to 2015.Methods.Annual population under study averaged (108.8 ± 6.2) thousand people, or about 80% of all the employees of the State Fire Service of Russia who had special military ranks. Operating staff comprised 53.4%, other employees – 46.6%. Mortality rates were calculated per 100 thousand employees of the State Fire Service of Russia. Data on the mortality of working-age men in Russia was obtained on the website of the Federal Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) [http://www.gks.ru/]. The unification of accounting and analysis of indicators was achieved using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, the 10th revision (ICD-10). Results and Discussion. Mortality rate among employees of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia in 1996–2015 was (116.9 ± 5.7) deaths per 100 thousand employees per year vs 11 times higher mortality rate among the working-age male population of Russia: (1063.9 ± 33.7) deaths per 100 thousand men (p < 0.001). The mean age of the deceased employees of the State Fire Service of Russia was (44.5 ± 0.3) years, with overall mean age (36.9 ± 1.6) years (p < 0.001). The leading causes of death among employees of the State Fire Service of Russia (from more to less significant) were injuries and other effects of external causes (ICD-10 chapter XIX), diseases of the circulatory system (chapter IX) and neoplasms (II), diseases of the digestive system (XI) and diseases of the respiratory system (X). Mortality rates from these causes per 100 thousand employees per year amounted to (63.3 ± 33.7), (32.6 ± 2.7), (7.1 ± 0.6), (5.3 ± 1.0) and (5.0 ± 0.9) deaths; in cause-of-death structure – 54.2, 27.9, 6.0, 4.5 and 4.3%, respectively. The mortality rate from suicide among working-age Russian men was 6.4 times higher than that of firefighters – (66.0 ± 4.1) and (10.3 ± 1.1) deaths per 100 thousand men, respectively. However, in the overall cause-of-death structure, this cause accounted for a larger share in employ ees of the Russian State Fire Service (6.2 vs 8.8%). Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found when comparing occupational fatalities among the operating personnel of the State Fire Service of Russia and working population in Russia: (14.9 ±1.4) deaths per 100 thousand employees per year vs (11.6 ± 0.7) deaths per 100 thousand workers per year. Mortality rates of firefighters were calculated in the Federal districts and regions of Russia. For a number of causes of death in firefighters, there is a significant contribution of occupational factors, which require further research.Conclusion.There is a low alertness for identifying neoplasms and crisis conditions in firefighters. Focusing on the leading diseases, behavioral disorders, prevention of injuries, poisoning and other effects of external causes will improve health and reduce mortality of employees of the State Fire Service of Russia.Authors declare the absence of existing and potential conflicts of interest concerning the article publication. 

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