ТЕОРЕТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОДНОВИМІРНИХ НАНОСТРУКТУР ОКСИДУ МІДІ В УМОВАХ ПЛАЗМОВОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-161
Author(s):  
О. О. Баранов
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Side Surface ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Copper Sample ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Plasma Methods

The work is devoted to the development of a theoretical model of the formation of 1D nanostructures of copper oxide under conditions of action on a copper sample of elevated temperatures and fluxes of charged particles. One of the promising methods for obtaining copper oxide nanowires is the use of plasma to activate the sample surface and heat it. Although the thermal growth is the most applied, plasma methods have a number of advantages, such as process rate (tens of minutes compared to several hours – for thermal methods), better process control (the ability to use ions with specified energy), low cost on electricity, environmental safety, etc. However, plasma methods have some disadvantages, like relatively small aspect ratio (the characteristic value ranges from 20 to 40, while for thermal methods – 60 to 100), as well as rapid achieving of the saturation mode in length. To synthesize a new technology that combines the advantages of both methods and eliminates their disadvantages, a developed theoretical basis is necessary, which, unfortunately, is absent today. The proposed model of formation of oxide nanostructures considers the dynamics of growth of oxide layers (Cu2O and CuO) on the surface of the copper sample, as well as the formation of nanowires on the surface of the oxide exposed to the gas phase. The model takes into account the temperature of the sample, the gas pressure in the chamber, and the energy of the plasma ions. It was found that although the diffusion rate increases significantly with increasing the sample temperature, the main factors limiting the growth process are: the rate of CuO formation and the intensity of surface sputtering due to the ion bombardment; limited supply of copper atoms to the top of the nanowire, as well as their unlimited supply to the base of the nanowire. Uneven spraying of the nanowire material along its surface is also an important factor: the ion current density on the side surface of the nanowire is much lower compared to the density on its top, because ions bombard the side surface at a very small angle. Thus, the increased energy of the ions can prevent the formation of nanowires at a significant electric potential of the sample.

The Forties and Brimmond Fields, Blocks 21/10, 22/6a, UK North Sea

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carter ◽  
J. Heale
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Rotary Drilling ◽  
Geological Society ◽  
Recoverable Reserves ◽  
Infill Drilling

AbstractThis paper updates the earlier account of the Forties Field detailed in Geological Society Memoir 14 (Wills 1991), and gives a brief description of the Brimmond Field, a small Eocene accumulation overlying Forties (Fig. 1).The Forties Field is located 180 km ENE of Aberdeen. It was discovered in 1970 by well 21/10-1 which encountered 119 m of oil bearing Paleocene sands at a depth of 2131 m sub-sea. A five well appraisal programme confirmed the presence of a major discovery including an extension into Block 22/6 to the southeast. Oil-in-place was estimated to be 4600 MMSTB with recoverable reserves of 1800 MM STB. The field was brought onto production in September 1975. Plateau production of 500 MBOD was reached in 1978, declining from 1981 to 77 MBOD in 1999.In September 1992 a programme of infill drilling commenced, which continues today. The earlier infill targets were identified using 3D seismic acquired in 1988. Acquisition of a further 3D survey in 1996 has allowed the infill drilling programme to continue with new seismic imaging of lithology, fluids and saturation changes. The performance of the 1997 drilling showed that high step-out and new technology wells, including multi-lateral and horizontal wells, did not deliver significantly better targets than drilling in previous years.In line with smaller targets, and in the current oil price environment, low cost technology is being developed through the 1999 drilling programme. Through Tubing Rotary Drilling (TTRD) is currently seen as the most promising way of achieving a step

INFLUENCE OF LOW-COST BUILDING MATERIALS ON HOUSING PROJECT IN REDUCTION OF HOUSING DEFICIT IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Kamau Maina ◽  
Dr. Samson Nyang’au Paul
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Primary Data

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore the influence of low cost building materials on reduction of housing deficit in Nairobi County, Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted four theories: open innovations theory, the value theory, transformational leadership theory, and institutional theory. Methodologically, the study adopted a descriptive research design, while the population of this study was all the real estate firms registered by Kenya Property Developers Association (KPDA). Census technique was employed to collect data from all 69 real estate firms using questionnaires. Questionnaires were applied to collect primary data, where the researcher trained research assistants to aid the data collection procedure. A pilot-test was conducted as an approach to establishing both the reliability and validity assessments of the questionnaire. Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) was used to undertake both descriptive and inferential statistical computations.Results: The findings of the study established that the use of technology enhances the capability and capacity of construction firms to use an array of building materials. The study found that use of modern technology defined skilled labour because most organizations are leveraging technology as a basis of realizing competitive advantage. It also established that real estate firms utilize competent based human resource management firms to hire qualified personnel. In addition, it was evident that personality traits influenced adoption of new technology in the construction of low cost housing, whereas knowledge and attitudes, and skills were significantly attributed to adoption of new technology.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: In light of the research findings, the study recommends that organizations should leverage modern technology as a basis of realizing efficiency, effectiveness, and sustainability of projects. The study likewise recommends that organizations should build capacities to enhance labour productivity. In addition, the study recommends that organizations should adopt transformational leadership approaches as a basis of enhancing performance. The study recommends the need to revise the legal framework with a view to ensure that it reflects the changing needs of the project requirements.

Alumina fibre FP

1980 ◽  
Vol 294 (1411) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Textile Fibre ◽  
Continuous Filament ◽  
Fibre Spinning ◽  
Metal Castings ◽  
Room Temperature Strength

A new experimental inorganic fibre currently under development at the Du Pont Company is a continuous filament, polycrystalline a-alumina yarn designated Fibre FP. This fibre is suitable for reinforcing a variety of materials, especially non-ferrous metal castings because of a combination of properties such as high strength and modulus, stability at elevated temperatures, composite castability and potentially low cost. Fibre FP, essentially > 99 % a-Al 2 O 3 , is made by a novel continuous ceramic fibre process utilizing low cost textile fibre spinning technology and is produced as a yarn containing 210 filaments. The modulus of Fibre FP is 379 GPa (55 x 10 6 lbf in -2 ) with a tensile strength of 1380 MPa (200000 lbf in -2 ). The room temperature strength and modulus of the fibre are retained to about 1000 °C. Recently, higher strength FP fibres with a tensile strength of 2070 MPa (300000 lbf in -2 ) have been demonstrated on a laboratory scale.

Further experiments and modeling for microscale compression molding of metals at elevated temperatures

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1839-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jiang ◽  
W.J. Meng ◽  
G.B. Sinclair ◽  
E. Lara-Curzio
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mold Insert ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Replication Technique ◽  
High Temperature Tensile

Replication of metallic high-aspect-ratio microscale structures (HARMS) by compression molding has been demonstrated recently. Molding replication of metallic HARMS can potentially lead to low-cost fabrication of a wide variety of metal-based microdevices. Understanding the mechanics of metal micromolding is critical for assessing the capabilities and limitations of this replication technique. This paper presents results of instrumented micromolding of Al. Measured molding response was rationalized with companion high-temperature tensile testing of Al using a simple mechanics model of the micromolding process. The present results suggest that resisting pressure on the mold insert during micromolding is governed primarily by the yield stress of the molded metal at the molding temperature and a frictional traction on the sides of the insert. The influence of strain rate is also considered.

scholarly journals Determinants of Adoption of New Technology in Telecom Sector: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susmita Chatterjee ◽  
Bibek Ray Chaudhuri ◽  
Debabrata Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Technology Standards ◽  
Technology Standard ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology

In this article, we look at the determinants of the new technology adoption by consumers in the case of mobile telecommunications. The dynamic nature of the telecom industry is a result of the frequent technological change. Consumers witness different technology standards in mobile communications, starting from the first generation (1G) to second generation (2G) subsequently to third (3G) and now experiencing fourth (4G) in some countries such as Norway, Sweden, South Korea, and the USA including ours. The movement from one standard to the other has been predicted to be smooth as all of them are vertical substitutes for each other. Given the various dimensions such as price, requirements, utility and so on, these technology standards are not perfect substitutes. The article investigates the prospect of a new technology standard roll out in India. A survey of 400 mobile phone customers in metro telecom circles has been carried out for this purpose. The study applies structural equation modeling (SEM) and explores the adoption intention of this new technology among the respondents. Results show that the presence of low-cost alternatives that is the availability of a lower technology standard poses a significant hurdle to the adoption of new technology services.

scholarly journals Phenol Novalac Epoxy-modified unsaturated polyester hybrid networks by Silica Nanoparticles/ and Cross linking with Silane Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Networks ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Chemical Attributes

In this study epoxy phenol novalac resin which consists of silica nanoparticles and unsaturated poly ester resin linked to the Silane and cross linking to that structure and also parameters affecting the processes involved have been evaluated. Cross linking in phenol novalac epoxy resins effects on many properties such as thermal, electrical, mechanical and chemical attributes especially in elevated temperatures. Silane cross-linking’s in phenol novalac epoxy resin with respect to other methods like proxiding, irradiation and utilization of Azo compounds, looks to be a very simple and low cost route, which makes it very encouraging for various industries. Unsaturated poly ester resin is compatible with phenol novalac epoxy resin and also creates some cross-linking and as far as tri methoxy Silane is added to the mentioned resin, its thermal, physical and mechanical properties are optimized. In this literature impact, tension, glass transition temperature, humidity absorption, FTIR and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were done and the results revealed that as the cross-linking occurs, tension in rupture region increases. This increase is more common at elevated temperatures. The growth in content of silica nanoparticles leads to a drop in water permeability of phenol novalac epoxy resin nanocomposite which contains unsaturated poly ester resin.

scholarly journals A Modular Toolkit to Fabricate Microfluidic Devices for 3D Cell Culture and Near Real-time Measurements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giraso Kabandana ◽  
Adam Michael Ratajczak ◽  
Chengpeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
In Vitro Cell Cultures ◽  
Scoring Tools

Microfluidic technology has tremendously facilitated the development of in vitro cell cultures and studies. Conventionally, microfluidic devices are fabricated with extensive facilities by well-trained researchers, which hinders the widespread adoption of the technology for broader applications. Enlightened by the fact that low-cost microbore tubing is a natural microfluidic channel, we developed a series of adaptors in a toolkit that can twine, connect, organize, and configure the tubing to produce functional microfluidic units. Three subsets of the toolkit were thoroughly developed: the tubing and scoring tools, the flow adaptors, and the 3D cell culture suite. To demonstrate the usefulness and versatility of the toolkit, we assembled a microfluidic device and successfully applied it for 3D macrophage cultures, flow-based stimulation, and automated near real-time quantitation with new knowledge generated. Overall, we present a new technology that allows simple, fast, and robust assembly of customizable and scalable microfluidic devices with minimal facilities, which is broadly applicable to research that needs or could be enhanced by microfluidics.

scholarly journals An analysis of Approaches for Desktop Virtualization and Challenges

2021 ◽  
pp. 600-612
Author(s):  
Rupesh Kumar ◽  
Arun Kumar Yadav ◽  
H N Verma
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
End Users ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Personal Computers ◽  
Small Organizations ◽  
Desktop Virtualization ◽  
Virtual Desktop

In the Information Technology world, cloud computing technology offering unlimited amount of IT resources and services to end users over the internet on pay-per-use basis. End users are accessing the cloud services on their mobile or personal computers. Service providers are upgrading their services very frequently to enhance the services, and to use their upgraded services, end users are also required to update the specification of their devices. But it will be very costly for the end users to upgrade their devices for high specification to use the enhanced services. Desktop Virtualization is an extensive technology of cloud services. It is the new concept, in which users can access the virtual desktop of required specifications, software and operating system on their old devices anytime and anywhere. With the help of desktop virtualization, users will be benefited by avoiding the cost of frequent upgradation of mobile or personal computer system. Desktop virtualization technology is proving to be a boon for large and small organizations who have to upgrade their computer system with new technology, which is a very costly and challenging process. Desktop virtualization avoids upgrading the hardware of the client machine repeatedly. It allows us to access all applications and data at a low cost on our old machine. This paper presents the comparative analysis of various approaches for desktop virtualization and various challenges which required the solution. Analysis presented in paper has been done based on various performance parameters which will provide the end users low-cost cloud services and best performance on their mobile or personal computers.

scholarly journals Empowerment and Tech Adoption: Introducing the Treadle Pump Triggers Farmers’ Innovation in Eastern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimelis Beyene ◽  
Teshome Regassa ◽  
Belaineh Legesse ◽  
Martha Mamo ◽  
Tsegaye Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
External Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Community Ownership ◽  
Technology Introduction

In 2013, thirty-eight treadle pumps (TPs) were installed as low-cost technology introduction for small-scale irrigation in eastern Ethiopia. The pilot project also included training of selected farmers on well excavation, installation and maintenance of pumps. In June 2015, researchers visited nine of the 38 TP sites, and found only two functional TPs. The rest were replaced with a new technology. Farmers who adopted the new technology stated that the limited water output and high labor demand of the conventional TP did not optimally fulfil their irrigation water requirements. The new hybrid technologies have spread quickly to more than one hundred households due to three key factors. First, farmers’ innovative modifications of the initial excavation technique addressed the discharge limitations of the conventional TP by excavating boreholes with wider diameter. Second, community ownership of the new technology, including local skills used in well drilling and fabricating excavation implement, made the new irrigation technology affordable and accessible to a higher number of households, leading to faster diffusion of the technology. Third, this innovation has spread organically without any external support. Adoption of the new technology enabled some farmers to accumulate enough resources to diversify their livelihoods into non-farm activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document