scholarly journals Enhancing the Security of Fiber Optical Network using Cryptography

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Sheenu Sachdeva ◽  
Dinesh
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Electric Signal ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Fiber Optical ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Timing Attack ◽  
Working Principle

An optical fiber is an important communication channel as it proposes a high bandwidth and less attenuation, and can be easy challenging assistances such as huge-quality data transmission and others in computer networks. The basic optical transmission system consists of three basic elements which are fiber media (transmission channel), light sources as the input (covert electric signal into optic signal) and light detector as the output (convert optic signal into electric signal). FBG is the key component in optical communication system as, dispersion compensators, filters and flatteners gain. There is need to introduce mechanism that should be capable to provide data security in less time. More over there is need to introduce energy efficient mechanism that should be capable to reduce the size of packet during data transmission. There are several problems that are faced due to attenuation in fiber optics. There is need of repeater in order to regenerate the signals. Process working principle of proposed technique that is being used enhancement of security in steganography has been discussed with process flow and result. It states how brute force and timing attack are not applicable on proposed technique.

scholarly journals Ultrafast nonlocal collective dynamics of Kane plasmon-polaritons in a narrow-gap semiconductor

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. eaau9956 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Charnukha ◽  
A. Sternbach ◽  
H. T. Stinson ◽  
R. Schlereth ◽  
C. Brüne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Momentum ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
New States ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
And Control ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons

The observation of ultrarelativistic fermions in condensed-matter systems has uncovered a cornucopia of novel phenomenology as well as a potential for effective ultrafast light engineering of new states of matter. While the nonequilibrium properties of two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) hexagonal crystals have been studied extensively, our understanding of the photoinduced dynamics in 3D single-valley ultrarelativistic materials is, unexpectedly, lacking. Here, we use ultrafast scanning near-field optical spectroscopy to access and control nonequilibrium large-momentum plasmon-polaritons in thin films of a prototypical narrow-bandgap semiconductor Hg0.81Cd0.19Te. We demonstrate that these collective excitations exhibit distinctly nonclassical scaling with electron density characteristic of the ultrarelativistic Kane regime and experience ultrafast initial relaxation followed by a long-lived highly coherent state. Our observation and ultrafast control of Kane plasmon-polaritons in a semiconducting material using light sources in the standard telecommunications fiber-optics window open a new avenue toward high-bandwidth coherent information processing in next-generation plasmonic circuits.

scholarly journals RECENT ADVANCES IN OPTICAL NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES AND ITS ROLE IN TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4RACEEE) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Bimlendu Shahi ◽  
Divya Jha ◽  
Dushyanth N D ◽  
Suresh D
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Telecommunication Industry ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Telecommunication Infrastructure ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Networking Technologies ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
Networking Technology

Optical networking technology has been advancing swiftly for some decades now. The high bandwidth and low attenuation features of fiber optics has made it the major element of telecommunication infrastructure. To achieve the ever-growing demand of data in telecommunication industry, researchers have explored various networking technologies in optical domain as well as advanced equipment and programmability, boosting transmission up to gigabit and beyond. This paper reviews various optical communication technologies, recent advances in optical network, it’s role in telecommunication industry and its challenges.

scholarly journals A 1.55-to-32-Gb/s Four-Lane Transmitter with 3-Tap Feed Forward Equalizer and Shared PLL in 28-nm CMOS

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Chen Cai ◽  
Xuqiang Zheng ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Danyu Wu ◽  
Jian Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Voltage Controlled Oscillator ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Output Driver ◽  
28 Nm

This paper presents a fully integrated physical layer (PHY) transmitter (TX) suiting for multiple industrial protocols and compatible with different protocol versions. Targeting a wide operating range, the LC-based phase-locked loop (PLL) with a dual voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) was integrated to provide the low jitter clock. Each lane with a configurable serialization scheme was adapted to adjust the data rate flexibly. To achieve high-speed data transmission, several bandwidth-extended techniques were introduced, and an optimized output driver with a 3-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE) was proposed to accomplish high-quality data transmission and equalization. The TX prototype was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process, and a single-lane TX only occupied an active area of 0.048 mm2. The shared PLL and clock distribution circuits occupied an area of 0.54 mm2. The proposed PLL can support a tuning range that covers 6.2 to 16 GHz. Each lane's data rate ranged from 1.55 to 32 Gb/s, and the energy efficiency is 1.89 pJ/bit/lane at a 32-Gb/s data rate and can tune an equalization up to 10 dB.

A Fiber Optic Probe for Gas Total Temperature Measurement in Turbomachinery

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Kidd ◽  
J. S. Barton ◽  
P. Meredith ◽  
J. D. C. Jones ◽  
M. A. Cherrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Unsteady Temperature ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
New Type ◽  
Total Temperature ◽  
Optic Probe

This paper describes the design, operation, construction, and demonstration of a new type of high-bandwidth unsteady temperature sensor based on fiber optics, and capable of operating in a high-speed multistage research compressor with flow representative of jet engine conditions. The sensing element is an optical coating of zinc selenide deposited on the end of an optical fiber. During evaluation in aerodynamic testing, a 1 K gas temperature resolution was demonstrated at 9.6 kHz and an upper bandwidth limit of 36 kHz achieved.

Data transmission for high-bandwidth neural interfacing using visible light communication

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Varkonyi ◽  
Jonathan J. D. McKendry ◽  
Niall McAlinden ◽  
Martin D. Dawson ◽  
Keith Mathieson
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Neural Interfacing

scholarly journals Study of Optical Fiber Design Parameters in Fiber Optics Communications

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Qadir Mohammed ◽  
Asaad M. Asaad M. Al-Hindawi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Graded Index ◽  
Large Bandwidth ◽  
Telecommunication Infrastructure ◽  
Distance Communication

Fiber optics is an important part in the telecommunication infrastructure. Large bandwidth and low attenuation are features for the fiber optics to provide gigabit transmission. Nowadays, fiber optics are used widely in long distance communication and networking to provide the required information traffic for multimedia applications. In this paper, the optical fiber structure and the operation mechanism for multimode and single modes are analyzed. The design parameters such as core radius, numerical aperture, attenuation, dispersion and information capacity for step index and graded index fibers are studied, calculated and compared for different light sources.

scholarly journals Analysis of Curvature in Fiber Optic Cable for Macrobending-Based Slope Sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Imam Mulyanto
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Laser Intensity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Working Principle

The analysis of fiber optics for macro bending-based slope sensors using SMF-28 single-mode optical fibers has been successfully conducted. Fiber optics were treated to silicon rubber molding and connected with laser light and power meters to measure the intensity of laser power generated. The working principle was carried out using the macrobending phenomenon on single-mode optical fibers. The intensity of laser light in fiber optic cables decreases in the event of indentation or bending of the fiber optic cable. Power losses resulting from the macrobending process can be seen in the result of the information sensitivity of fiber optics to the change of angle given. From the results of the study, the resulting fiber optic sensitivity value is -0.1534o/dBm. The larger the angle given, the lower the laser intensity received by the power meter.

scholarly journals Passive optical networks and FTTx : technology and solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souheil Kneifati
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
End User ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Voice Data

Competition for delivering high-bandwidth "multi-play" services (video, voice, data) is on constant increase. Advanced service delivery requires a higher bandwidth pipe to the end user through passive optical network (PON) technologies. The two major PON standards GPON is an International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) and EPON is a standard developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). This project compares and looks at the choices and challenges service providers face as they bring new PON technology possibilities to their customers and analyze these two standards in terms of their performance, physical properties, implementation and testing requirements. It also discusses the evolution paths for each of the standards and the challenges for such evolution. The final chapter will include the conclusions, some final thoughts, suggestions and recommendations for new projects implementation.

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