scholarly journals Investigating the Effects of Particle Size on the Growth of Silkworm and Fiber Properties with Feeding TiO2 NPs

2021 ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Jo Kwangmyong ◽  
Kim Hungtok ◽  
Kim Byongho ◽  
Pak Sonbox ◽  
Han Hyelim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Random Coil ◽  
Shell Mass ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Helix Structure ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Important Significance

The production method of functional silk by feeding the various nanoparticles is simple, it has attracted the attention of many researchers. However, many researchers have studied the concentrate of nanoparticles (NPs), there are few studies on the particle size. This study is aimed to confirm the effects in silkworm growth, cocoon quality, and mechanical properties of silk with feeding TiO2 NPs of the various particle size. TiO2 10nm, 50nm, 100nm powers individually are fed to silkworm, investigated the mortality and proliferation rate, cocoon mass and cocoon shell mass, mechanical characteristic of silk fiber. The experiments demonstrated that the larger the particle size of TiO2 NPs, the greater the adverse impact on the growth and livability of silkworms. The stress of 523.35±42 MPa and strain of 19.73±1.8% of the TiO2-10nm added silk were increased 35.9% and 19.5% on average, respectively. By the analysis of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, it was confirmed that this resulted in a more random coil/?-helix structure. The nanoparticles are acted as knots, forming the cross-linked network, resulting in lower crystallinity and higher strain, but the larger the particle, the fewer the number of knots, at the same time, it has a great impact on protein synthesis, and then the strength may be decreased. The effect in the silkworm body of TiO2 NPs particle size has to be deeply studied, but this study has important significance to study in the production of the functional silk by feed additives.

INFLUENCE OF METAL POWDER PRODUCTION METHOD ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND FLUIDITY OF MAGNETICALLY ALLOY GRANULATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Kostin ◽  
Aleksandr Amosov ◽  
Anatoliy Samboruk ◽  
Bogdan Chernyshev ◽  
Anton Kamynin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Magnetic Alloy ◽  
Gas Atomization ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Hard Magnetic Alloy

A comparison is made of the characteristics of metal powders of a hard magnetic alloy produced by centrifugal spraying and gas atomization. Comparative studies of particle morphology and particle size distribution of powders are presented in order to determine them.

scholarly journals Blend of natural waxes as a matrix for aroma encapsulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Jelena Milanovic ◽  
Gordana Ilic-Sevic ◽  
Marijana Gavrilovic ◽  
Milutin Milosavljevic ◽  
Branko Bugarski
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Particle Size Range ◽  
Carnauba Wax ◽  
Potential Applications

In this study, the possibility of using a blend of natural waxes (bees and carnauba) for encapsulation of some aroma compounds was investigated. Melt dispersion/melt solidification technique was applied for microbeads production. Since one of the most important characteristics of the particles are the size and shape, particle size distribution as well as morphological properties are tested. Thermal characteristics are also examined as significant properties for thermal behavior at elevated temperatures, important for application of encapsulated particles in food production processes. Different contents of the carnauba wax in the mixture with beeswax are investigated, from 10% to 50% (w/w). Since one of the potential applications of the encapsulated aroma is in feed additives production, the targeted particle size range was under 300 ?m to be suitable for handling and mixing with other powder substances. According to the obtained results, a higher carnauba wax content in the wax blend had an impact on particle size distribution. Also, it had an impact on the surface morphology and thermal properties. The obtained results may contribute to the development of methods of encapsulation of hydrophobic aromas in the natural wax matrix.

scholarly journals Synthesis of SnO2 Nanoparticles by High Potential Electrolysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredy Kurniawan ◽  
Rahmi Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis ◽  
The Fourier Transform

SnO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized by high voltage electrolysis. Tin bare was used for anode and cathode. The effect of potentials and electrolyte were studied. The particles obtained after electrolysis was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The diffractogram is in agreement with the standard diffraction pattern of SnO2 which is identified as tetragonal structure. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum indicates that there is a vibration of Sn–O asymmetric at 580 cm-1. The optimum potential for SnO2 nanoparticles synthesis is 60 V at 0.06 M HCl which shows the highest UV-Vis spectrum. The absorption peak of SnO2 nanoparticles by UV-Vis spectrophotometer appears at about 207 nm. The particle size analysis shows that the SnO2 nanoparticles obtained have the size distribution in a range of 25-150 nm with the highest volume at 83.11 nm. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 15th November 2016; Revised: 26th February 2017; Accepted: 27th February 2017How to Cite: Rahmi, R., Kurniawan, F. (2017). Synthesis of SnO2 Nanoparticles by High Potential Electrolysis. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (2): 281-286 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.2.773.281-286)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.2.773.281-286 

Maximum-entropy method as a routine tool for determination of particle size distributions by small-angle scattering

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragomir Tatchev ◽  
Rainer Kranold
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Maximum Entropy Method ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Several aspects of the application of the maximum-entropy method (MEM) to the determination of particle size distributions by small-angle scattering (SAS) are discussed. The `historic' version of the MEM produces completely satisfying results. Limiting the data error from below (i.e.imposing a minimal relative error) is proposed as a solution of some convergence problems. The MEM is tested against the Fourier transform technique. The size distribution of Pb particles in an Al–Pb alloy is determined by the MEM and the Fourier transform technique. The size distributions obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SAXS show partial agreement.

Obtaining and research of pharmaceutical properties of antiemetics in a form of powder for inhalation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor M. Ivanov ◽  
Tatiana B. Pechurina ◽  
Nikolai G. Vengerovich ◽  
Mikhail A. Yudin ◽  
Aleksandr S. Nikiforov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Particle Fraction ◽  
Median Particle Size ◽  
Antiemetic Drugs ◽  
Median Particle ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Mass Median ◽  
Respirable Particle

Samples of antiemetic drugs (ondansetronum, palonosetronum, metoclopramidum) in the form of powder for inhalation have been developed by the method of spray drying. The granulometric composition, hygroscopicity and aerodynamic distribution of aerosol particles of the drugs have been investigated. The dosage form of the powder for inhalation of antiemetics (ondansetronum and palonosetronum) in terms of its particle size distribution, hygroscopicity and content of the agent corresponds to those for inhalation using dry powder inhalers. In the study of the phase-dispersed composition of aerosol, ondansetronum and palonosetronum in the dosage form of powder for inhalation as part of the HandiHaler inhaler (at a flow rate of 60 l / min) showed high rates of the released dose up to 72-76%, respirable particle fraction (up to 5 m) up to 54 -56% and a mass median particle size of about 3 microns. Obtaining the inhaled form of metoclopramide requires optimization of the production method for receiving the product with acceptable pharmaceutical properties.

scholarly journals Stabilizing Li-rich NMC Materials by Using Precursor Salts with Acetate and Nitrate Anions for Li-ion Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaleel I. Hamad ◽  
Yangchuan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Nitrate Anions

Lithium-rich layered oxide cathode materials of Li1.2Mn0.5100Ni0.2175Co0.0725O2 have been synthesized using metal salts with acetate and nitrate anions as precursors in glycerol solvent. The effects of the precursor metal salts on particle size, morphology, cationic ordering, and ultimately, the electrode performance of the cathode powders have been studied. It was demonstrated that the use of cornstarch as a gelling agent with nitrate-based metal salts results in a reduction of particle size, leading to higher surface area and initial discharge capacity. However, the cornstarch gelling effect was minimized when acetate salts were used. As observed in the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, cornstarch can react with acetates to form acetyl groups during the synthesis, effectively preventing the cornstarch gel from capping the particles, thus leading to larger particles. A tradeoff was found when nitrate and acetate salts were mixed in the synthesis. It was shown that the new cathode powder has the best cationic ordering and capacity retention, promising a much stable Li-rich cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Effects of Production Methods on the Particle Morphology and Properties of Aqueous Au Nanofluids

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hwan Lee ◽  
Seoung Youn Lee ◽  
Hyun Jin Kim ◽  
Seung-Hyun Lee ◽  
Seok Pil Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Dispersion State

In this study, the effects of nanofluid production methods on the particle morphology and properties of aqueous gold (Au) nanofluids are investigated using chemical reduction (referred as Turkevich method). Sonication method is used to provide energy for the production of Au nanofluids. Applied energy to the production of nanofluids and temperature of the reduction reaction are two main parameters in the production of aqueous Au nanofluids, affecting the particle size and dispersion state of Au nanofluids even though same production method is used. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) are used to characterize particle size, shape and distribution. The thermal conductivities of Au nanofluids are measured by the custom-made transient hot wire system. Uncertainty of the measurements is less than ±1.5%. The pH and electrical conductivities are also measured by commercial products in this study. Temperature range of measuring properties is 10–30 °C. Experimental results show that production methods can affect the particle morphology and transport properties of Au nanofluids. Sizes of produced Au nanoparticles are 20–40 nm depending on the production methods and parameters. Through characterization and experimental results of Au nanofluids, we found the optimum conditions for production of aqueous Au nanofluids which have high thermal conductivity, small particle size and well dispersed characteristics.

scholarly journals Interaction between Negatively Charged Fish Gelatin and Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solution: Characteristics and Formation Mechanism

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Qi Fang ◽  
Nao Ma ◽  
Keying Ding ◽  
Shengnan Zhan ◽  
Qiaoming Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Random Coil ◽  
Fish Gelatin ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Hydrophobic Residues ◽  
Conformation Transitions

The effect that ratios of fish gelatin (FG) to α/β/γ cyclodextrins (α, β, γCDs) had on the phase behavior of a concentrated biopolymer mixture were comparatively investigated. This showed that the formed biopolymer mixture had the highest gel strength at ratios of FG–CD = 90:10. FG could interact with CDs to form stable soluble complexes with lower values of turbidity, particle size and ζ-potential. All of the FG–CD mixture solutions exhibited pseudo-plastic behaviors, and FG–αCD samples had the highest viscosity values than others. The addition of CDs could unfold FG molecules and make conformation transitions of FG from a random coil to β-turn, leading to the environmental change of hydrophobic residues and presenting higher fluorescence intensity, especially for βCDs. FTIR results revealed that the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between FG and CD could change the secondary structure of FG. These findings might help further apply FG–CD complexes in designing new food matrixes.

scholarly journals The Use of Different Commercial Mineral Water Brands to Produce Oil-In-Water Nanoemulsions

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Pedro A Rocha-Filho ◽  
Antonio D. Monteiro ◽  
Luciana C. Agostinho ◽  
Marina P. A. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Colloidal Systems ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Saline Solutions

Nanoemulsions are submicron-size colloidal systems that have the ability to encapsulate, protect, and deliver active ingredients. They have been used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries to improve the absorption of drugs by the skin or via the gastrointestinal tract, aide in food conservation, and treat skin problems. To proper formulate a nanoemulsion, it is important to know the characteristics of its components (aqueous and oil phases, surfactants and additives), as well as the influence on the production method that will be used. This study investigates the influence of aqueous phase composition, stability and particle size in an oil-and-water nanoemulsion formation. By using a low energy method, the purified water was exchanged for different commercial mineral water and saline solutions, and the results of stability, particle size, pH and conductivity tests, were compared. These results show that the minerals present in commercial waters may alter the particle size, pH and conductivity values of nanoemulsions, as well as their stability.

scholarly journals The Effects of Ovine Whey Powders on Durum Wheat-Based Doughs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Secchi ◽  
Costantino Fadda ◽  
Massimo Piccinini ◽  
Ivo Pinna ◽  
Antonio Piga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixing Time ◽  
Random Coil ◽  
Mixing Times ◽  
Stress Relaxation Test ◽  
Gluten Proteins ◽  
Relative Percentage ◽  
Hydration Level ◽  
Random Coils ◽  
Whey Powder ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Two types of ovine whey powder, with different protein content, were added at increasing substitution rates to two types of semolina, one with strong and tenacious gluten and the other with weak and sticky gluten. For each dough the optimum mixing time and hydration level were calculated using the consistograph. The whey powder negatively affected the leavening volume of all doughs, at all percentages except the lowest one (5%), mainly because of its effects on the elastic component of gluten as measured with a stress relaxation test. Differences of the secondary structure of gluten proteins among samples were investigated by analyzing the amide I band in the Fourier transform infrared spectra of the dough. Weak and strong semolina showed a different relative percentage of α-helix, random coil, and β-sheet structures. The longer mixing times for dough formation when using semolina with strong gluten led to an increase in α-helices and random coils, which caused a worse leavening performance than the weak-gluten semolina.

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