scholarly journals Colour Sensing Using Robotic ARM

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
A. Mohamed Nazeer ◽  
S. Sasikala ◽  
A. Kamalabharathy ◽  
S. D. Kirubha Dharshni ◽  
M. Nandhini Lakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Pick And Place ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
Source Table ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pick And Place Operation ◽  
Robot Platform

Robots are used in various industries to save the process flow in terms of time and ease. It also improves the process quality of the processed object by reducing the errors. The cost of manufacturing can also be minimized. The proposed system will identify and sort the colour of the yawn in a particular colouring sequence, which is defined in the program. The robot identifies the colour, based on the input given in the keypad. It also picks the object from a source table and place it in a desired destination and vice versa. This Paper aims to select the particular coloured yawn to use it in the machineries. The robot will do pick and place operation by mechanical devices such as gripper and robotic arm. It is carried out on a low cost robot platform for development of pick and place the things. The robot act under the direct control of human or autonomously under the control of the programmed system.

scholarly journals BUDGET UAV SYSTEMS FOR THE PROSPECTION OF SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SCALE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 971-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ostrowski ◽  
K. Hanus
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
The Cost ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Operational Range

One of the popular uses of UAVs in photogrammetry is providing an archaeological documentation. A wide offer of low-cost (consumer) grade UAVs, as well as the popularity of user-friendly photogrammetric software allowing obtaining satisfying results, contribute to facilitating the process of preparing documentation for small archaeological sites. However, using solutions of this kind is much more problematic for larger areas. The limited possibilities of autonomous flight makes it significantly harder to obtain data for areas too large to be covered during a single mission. Moreover, sometimes the platforms used are not equipped with telemetry systems, which makes navigating and guaranteeing a similar quality of data during separate flights difficult. The simplest solution is using a better UAV, however the cost of devices of such type often exceeds the financial capabilities of archaeological expeditions. <br><br> The aim of this article is to present methodology allowing obtaining data for medium scale areas using only a basic UAV. The proposed methodology assumes using a simple multirotor, not equipped with any flight planning system or telemetry. Navigating of the platform is based solely on live-view images sent from the camera attached to the UAV. The presented survey was carried out using a simple GoPro camera which, from the perspective of photogrammetric use, was not the optimal configuration due to the fish eye geometry of the camera. Another limitation is the actual operational range of UAVs which in the case of cheaper systems, rarely exceeds 1 kilometre and is in fact often much smaller. Therefore the surveyed area must be divided into sub-blocks which correspond to the range of the drone. It is inconvenient since the blocks must overlap, so that they will later be merged during their processing. This increases the length of required flights as well as the computing power necessary to process a greater number of images. <br><br> These issues make prospection highly inconvenient, but not impossible. Our paper presents our experiences through two case studies: surveys conducted in Nepal under the aegis of UNESCO, and works carried out as a part of a Polish archaeological expedition in Cyprus, which both prove that the proposed methodology allows obtaining satisfying results. The article is an important voice in the ongoing debate between commercial and academic archaeologists who discuss the balance between the required standards of conducting archaeological works and economic capabilities of archaeological missions.

Development of Calibration Equipment for Geodetic Angle Measurement Instruments

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Lauryna Šiaudinytė ◽  
Deividas Sabaitis ◽  
Domantas Bručas ◽  
Gintaras Dmitrijev
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
The Cost

Production of high precision circular scales is a complicated process requiring expensive equipment and complex processes to achieve. Precision angle measurement equipment tends to be very expensive and therefore not accessible to all in need. Simplification of production of such devices can lead to reducing costs of angle measurement systems ensuring easier accessibility. A new method of producing precision circular scales using low cost mass production can reduce the costs of these devices drastically. Therefore, utilising a common CD technology as the basis for such scales is analysed. This paper deals with the analysis of the newest laser cutting method for plastic circular scales. Preliminary results of manufacturing such scales are presented in the paper as well as measurements of the grating of the scale were performed. The quality of different scales manufactured using different laser types is analysed in the study. The cost – effective alternative of manufacturing circular scales is discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals Einkarekstur eða ríkisrekstur í heilsugæslu: Samanburður á kostnaði og ánægju með þjónustu

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Héðinn Sigurðsson ◽  
Sunna Gestsdóttir ◽  
Sigríður Halldórsdóttir ◽  
Kristjan G. Guðmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Private Health Care ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Health Care Centers

The organization of health care is one of the most complex present day challenges. Like other countries that run socialized health care systems, Icelanders face the question of the role of private enterprise in health care. The objective of this study was two-fold: to compare the cost of 17 private and state-run health care centers in the metropolitan area, and to compare consumer satisfaction related to these. At the beginning of Icelandic settlement, there were statutory laws decreeing that community services should be provided for those in need. By the Health Care Act in 1973, the Icelandic health care system fell under the Nordic welfare society with equal access and a tight safety net. The results show that the private health care centers had a low cost per work unit, but not the lowest. Four to seven state run health care centers had less expenditure per patient than the private centers. The cost of each doctor’s position was highest in one of the private clinics. Patient satisfaction surveys showed that there is no difference in the quality of services between these two different operating modes. A conclusion can be drawn from this study that it is not clear whether private health care improves the use of public funds or increases the quality of services.

SOFT FOOD ROBOTIC PICK AND PLACE OPERATION WITH EMBEDDED CONTROL STRUCTURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Shiuh-Jer Huang ◽  
Wei-Han Chang ◽  
Janq-Yann Lin
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Control Structure ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Embedded Control ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Pick And Place ◽  
Position Controller ◽  
Soft Objects ◽  
Pick And Place Operation

Robotic pick-and-place operation is planned for handling hard objects with on-off control gripper. It does not have force monitoring capability for safe grasping soft objects. Current force/torque sensor is too expensive and difficult to implement. Here, a low cost embedded control structure is designed with distributed FPGA robotic position control and gripper Arduino force control kernels. A model-free intelligent fuzzy sliding mode control strategy is employed to design the position controller of each robotic joint and gripper force controller. Experimental results show that the position and force tracking control errors of this robotic system are less than 1 mm and 0.1 N, respectively for pick-and-place different soft foods.

scholarly journals Application of soft sensors in the automated process control of different industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Savytskyi ◽  
Maksym Tymoshenko ◽  
Oleksandr Hramm ◽  
Serhii Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Soft Sensors ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Virtual Data

Sustainable development of industry is closely related with tries to automate industrial processes in all possible ways. Recent advances in automated control systems have led to decreasing the cost of hardware and energy consumption. This article describes examples of soft sensors using in various industries. The main advantages of soft sensors are low cost, flexibility and versatility. In addition, the soft sensors are environmentally friendly as they significantly reduce the amount of equipment and do not require utilization. Despite these benefits, there are some problems with using them. First problem consists in what information and how needs to be measured to use received data in calculation of another virtual data. Second problem is using proper software and the time of mathematical calculations. The goal of the soft sensors is generation of valid virtual data for the controller to increase the accuracy and quality of the automated control. The article is of interest from the point of view of possibilities to applicate modern technology in solving various tasks of automated control.

scholarly journals RFID Tag Ownership Transfer Protocol with Retrospective Ability

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Gan ◽  
Lei He ◽  
Yi-feng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Location Privacy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Replay Attack ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Ownership Transfer ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Transfer Protocol

Abstract Tag ownership transfer is an important process for RFID system. Besides the user needs to obtain the information concerning the quality of products in some scenarios, which are attached by tags. In this paper, we proposed an ownership transfer protocol with retrospective ability and analyzed its security level by using GNY logic. The results indicate that the ownership transfer protocol provides high-quality security to RFID systems. It provides an authentication between the tag and owners and location privacy of the tag. The protocol enables to resist a replay attack, man-in-the-middle attack and desynchronization attack. It also protects forward security and backward security. Moreover, it provides the information concerning the quality of the product attached by tags. We analyzed the performance of the protocol and implemented it. The results of the empirical study show that the cost time of a tag is less than some other protocols and suitable for low-cost tags.

scholarly journals Automated Low-Cost Photogrammetric Acquisition of 3D Models from Small Form-Factor Artefacts

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Collins ◽  
Sandra I. Woolley ◽  
Erlend Gehlken ◽  
Eugene Ch’ng
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Small Form Factor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Object Models

The photogrammetric acquisition of 3D object models can be achieved by Structure from Motion (SfM) computation of photographs taken from multiple viewpoints. All-around 3D models of small artefacts with complex geometry can be difficult to acquire photogrammetrically and the precision of the acquired models can be diminished by the generic application of automated photogrammetric workflows. In this paper, we present two versions of a complete rotary photogrammetric system and an automated workflow for all-around, precise, reliable and low-cost acquisitions of large numbers of small artefacts, together with consideration of the visual quality of the model textures. The acquisition systems comprise a turntable and (i) a computer and digital camera or (ii) a smartphone designed to be ultra-low cost (less than $150). Experimental results are presented which demonstrate an acquisition precision of less than 40 μ m using a 12.2 Megapixel digital camera and less than 80 μ m using an 8 Megapixel smartphone. The novel contribution of this work centres on the design of an automated solution that achieves high-precision, photographically textured 3D acquisitions at a fraction of the cost of currently available systems. This could significantly benefit the digitisation efforts of collectors, curators and archaeologists as well as the wider population.

Evaluation of stereo imaging capabilities and parameters when using personal computers: Defining a low-cost high-quality system

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1048-1049
Author(s):  
John M. Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Personal Computers ◽  
Stereo Imaging ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Display Devices ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

Over the past several years the capabilities of personal computers have advanced at a staggering rate. At the same time, the cost of the hardware has dropped to such a degree that one wonders whether such inexpensive hardware can perform adequately.The purpose of this discussion is to look at the minimum hardware necessary to do quality stereo imaging on CRT display devices and to discuss several important evaluation criteria in producing these stereo images.The most important criteria for producing high quality stereo pairs lies in the quality of the digitization of the image. Most TV rate imaging systems even after multiple frames are averaged are quite distorted and lack sufficient image detail. Slow scan imaging systems such as the one developed in this laboratory which use a gated integrator and can digitize at over one thousand pixels square with 256 gray levels produce images which are extremely close to photographic quality.

Embedded Flexible Hybrid Electronics for the Internet of Things

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 000006-000013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val R. Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
System Level ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Pick And Place ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Generation Technology

The Internet of Things (IoT) “things” are often times described as active or smart devices and objects augmented with sensing, processing, and network capabilities. These smart objects are in the heart of the IoT concept but they alone cannot realize the full potential of IoT. The most ubiquitous objects in the IoT ecosystem, those that reside at the lowest system level and interact with the higher-level smart object, are based on the passive RFID technology. In the form of wireless passive sensors these objects are found in smart packaging, they form the backbone of the structural health monitoring systems, they provide non-invasive and continuous monitoring of physiological parameters, etc. RFID capability is already added to everyday items in the physical form of adhesive “smart” labels, enabling them to become “citizens” of the IoT ecosystem, but this “add-on“ approach increases the implementation cost and oftentimes impacts negatively the host item's form factor and appearance. It also does very little in terms of security and counterfeit prevention. On the other hand, the key economic factor that drives the deployment of the IoT is the cost at the end points. Therefore, the future of the IoT depends on developing an ultra-low-cost technology solution that can mass-produce low cost, RFID-enabled IoT objects on flexible substrates, ready for integration into everyday items. In some cases, such as in intelligent packaging, these objects will be non-obstructive and seamlessly integrated in their hosts. This integration will minimize the cost of implementation and will provide an insurmountable barrier to counterfeiters as they will need access to sophisticated and capital-intensive technologies in order to be able to alter or replicate the product's embedded configuration. Presented are two disruptive processes for packaging of ultrathin flexible hybrid electronic systems with ICs as thin as 15–20 μm and as small as 250 μm per side. The first generation technology is a modification of the conventional pick-and-place technique and has been already demonstrated on a commercial-grade roll-to-roll assembly line with packaging rates exceeding 10,000 cph. The second generation technology uses a laser beam to scan and transfer ultrathin, ultra-small ICs for high-precision assembly onto various flexible and rigid substrates. It provides packaging rates significantly exceeding those of the conventional pick-and-place equipment. Reported are also results from integrating the resulting ultrathin flexible hybrid electronic devices into thin materials such as paper and plastics.

scholarly journals Design and Implementation of a Robotic Arm Assistant with Voice Interaction Using Machine Vision

Automation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
George Nantzios ◽  
Nikolaos Baras ◽  
Minas Dasygenis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Robotic Arms ◽  
Voice Interaction ◽  
Robotic Assistant

It is evident that the technological growth of the last few decades has signaled the development of several application domains. One application domain that has expanded massively in recent years is robotics. The usage and spread of robotic systems in commercial and non-commercial environments resulted in increased productivity, efficiency, and higher quality of life. Many researchers have developed systems that improve many aspects of people’s lives, based on robotics. Most of the engineers use high-cost robotic arms, which are usually out of the reach of typical consumers. We fill this gap by presenting a low-cost and high-accuracy project to be used as a robotic assistant for every consumer. Our project aims to further improve people’s quality of life, and more specifically people with physical and mobility impairments. The robotic system is based on the Niryo-One robotic arm, equipped with a USB (Universal Serial Bus) HD (High Definition) camera on the end-effector. To achieve high accuracy, we modified the YOLO algorithm by adding novel features and additional computations to be used in the kinematic model. We evaluated the proposed system by conducting experiments using PhD students of our laboratory and demonstrated its effectiveness. The experimental results indicate that the robotic arm can detect and deliver the requested object in a timely manner with a 96.66% accuracy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document