scholarly journals Desain Senyawa Turunan Kuersetin sebagai Inhibitor Pertumbuhan Candida Albicans Menggunakan Analisis QSAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 056-060
Author(s):  
Esti Mumpuni ◽  
Agus Purwanggana ◽  
Esti Mulatsari ◽  
Yafi Lakstian
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Log P ◽  
Qsar Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Mic Value

Candida albicans adalah sejenis jamur oportunistik yang patogen bagi manusia dan terlibat dalam proses Oral Candidiasis (OC). Candida albicans merupakan spesies yang paling umum diisolasi dalam kasus klinis infeksi jamur invasif. Candida albicans hidup secara komensal di usus, faringeal oral, saluran kemih dan kulit. Senyawa alam seperti flavonoid, telah banyak dikembangkan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans salah satu diantaranya adalah kuersetin yang memiliki nilai MIC 197 µg/mL dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Upaya peningkatan daya penghambatan kuersetin dalam proses inhibisi pertumbuhan Candida albicans dapat dilakukan dengan memodifikasi struktur kimia senyawa kuersetin secara komputasi. Penentuan MIC senyawa inhibitor candida albicans dari turunan kuersetin secara komputasi dilakukan menggunakan analisis QSAR dengan penentuan deskriptor menggunakan hyperchem dengan metode semi empiric Austin Model 1 dan analisis regresi multilinier (MLR) untuk menentukan model persamaan QSAR. Dari 24 persamaan QSAR yang dihasilkan, ditentukan persamaan QSAR terbaik untuk menentukan nilai MIC prediksi senyawa turunan kuersetin, yaitu : MIC = 970.428 + (0.025 Energi Ikat) + (110.503 Energi HOMO) + (-100.354 Energi LUMO) + (-37.142 log P).Dari 91 senyawa turunan kuersetin yang diuji, diperoleh 74 senyawa yang memiliki nilai MIC lebih kecil dari kuersetin dan senyawa 2,6-diisopropil kuersetin merupakan senyawa dengan MIC terkecil yaitu 27.28 µg/mL. Modifikasi struktur kimia senyawa kuersetin dapat meningkatkan aktivitas kuersetin sebagai inhibitor pertumbuhan candida albicans.   Candida albicans is a type of opportunistic fungus that is pathogenic to humans and involved in the pathogenesis of Oral Candidiasis (OC). Candida albicans is the most commonly isolated species in clinical cases of invasive fungal infections. Candida albicans lives commensally in the intestine, oral pharyngeal, urinary tract and skin.  Natural compounds such as flavonoids, have been developed to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. one of them was quercetin which had a MIC value of 197 µg / mL in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans.In Effort to increase the inhibitory activity of quercetin in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans can be done by modifying the chemical structure of quercetin by computational method.The MIC determination of inhibitory compounds of albicans candida from derivatives quercetin was carried out computationally using QSAR analysis by determining descriptors using hyperchem with Austin Model 1 semi empiric method and multilateral regression analysis (MLR) to determine the QSAR equation model. Of all the 24 QSAR equations, the best QSAR equation was evaluated to determine the predicted MIC value of quercetin derivative compounds,  MIC = 970,428 + (0.025 Bond Energy) + (110,503 Energy HOMO) + (-100,354 LUMO Energy) + (-37,142 log P ). Of all the 91 quercetin derivative compounds tested, there were 74 compounds that had MIC values ​​smaller than quercetin,  2,6-diisopropyl quercetin showed the smallest MIC value of 27.28 µg / mL. Modification of quercetin chemical structure can increase the activity of quercetin as a growth inhibitor of albicans candida

scholarly journals Denture Stomatitis: Report of a Case with Rarely Used Treatment Modality and Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 116-119
Author(s):  
Parul Uppal Malhotra ◽  
Neera Ohri ◽  
Yagyeshwar Malhotra ◽  
Anindita Mallik
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Microbial Invasion

Candida albicans is the most common Candida species isolated from the oral cavity both in healthy and diseased. Candida albicans is a dimorphic fungus existing both in blastopore phase (yeast phase) and the hyphal or mycelial phase. Although these organisms typically colonize mucocutaneous surfaces, the latter can be portals of entry into deeper tissues when host defences are compromised. Denture stomatitis is a common form of oral candidiasis that manifests as a diffuse inflammation of the maxillary denture bearing areas & is associated with angular cheilitis. At least 70% of individuals with clinical signs of denture stomatitis exhibit fungal growth & these conditions most likely result from yeast colonization of the oral mucosa combined with Bacterial colonization. Candida species act as an endogenous infecting agent on tissue predisposed by chronic trauma to microbial invasion. At one time, oral fungal infections were rare findings in general dentist's office. They were more commonly seen in hospitalized and severely debilitated patients. However with enhanced medical and pharmaceutical technology, increasing numbers of ambulatory immunosuppressed individuals with oral fungal infections are seeking out general dentists for diagnosis and treatment of these lesions.

The Use of 2.5% Natamycin, as Orally Administered Drops, in the Treatment of Fungal Infections of the Oral Cavity in Children with Chronic Blood Diseases

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rokicka-Milewska ◽  
D. Derulska ◽  
D. Lipnicki ◽  
A. Skrobowska-Woźniak ◽  
A. Moszczeńska
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Blood Diseases

A total of 34 children with oral candidiasis were treated with 2.5% natamycin in the form of orally administered drops; 6–20 drops applied to oral lesions four times daily for up to 8 weeks. A total cure was achieved in 28 (82.3%) cases. No side-effects were observed. This preparation was an effective treatment for Candida albicans infections in children with blood diseases, and was well tolerated.

scholarly journals Chronic vulvovaginitis caused by Candida dubliniensis in an immunologically competent adult female

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Ketan Kolekar ◽  
Swagata Tambe ◽  
Rashmi Aderao ◽  
Chitra Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Candida Dubliniensis ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Life Threatening

Candida, a commensal dimorphic fungus, is the most common microorganism that causes opportunistic fungal infections worldwide. It can cause diseases ranging from superficial mucosal infections to disseminated, systemic life-threatening infections. Among Candida species, Candida albicans is the most common infectious agent. Nowadays, non- albicans Candida species are also emerging as significant pathogens. Candida dubliniensis has been implicated as a causative agent of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected individuals but has also been recovered from HIV non-infected individuals with oral candidiasis and rarely from the genital tract of women with vaginitis. Such cases have been under-reported due to phenotypic resemblance to C. albicans. The majority of C. dubliniensis clinical isolates tested to date have been susceptible to fluconazole, but they tend to develop resistance rapidly. Here, we report a case of chronic vulvovaginitis due to C. dubliniensis not responding to standard doses of fluconazole.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Spectroscopic Identification of Certain Imidazole-Semicarbazone Conjugates Bearing Benzodioxole Moieties: New Antifungal Agents

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem I. Al-Wabli ◽  
Alwah R. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Hazem A. Ghabbour ◽  
Mohamed H. Al-Agamy ◽  
Mohamed I. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
System P ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Spectroscopic Identification ◽  
Mic Value ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

During the last three decades the extent of life-threatening fungal infections has increased remarkably worldwide. Synthesis and structure elucidation of certain imidazole-semicarbazone conjugates 5a–o are reported. Single crystal X-ray analysis of compound 5e unequivocally confirmed its assigned chemical structure and the (E)-configuration of its imine double bond. Compound 5e crystallized in the triclinic system, P-1, a = 6.3561 (3) Å, b = 12.5095 (8) Å, c = 14.5411 (9) Å, α = 67.073 (4)°, β = 79.989 (4)°, γ =84.370 (4)°, V = 1048.05 (11) Å3, Z = 2. In addition, DIZ and MIC assays were used to examine the in vitro antifungal activity of the title conjugates 5a–o against four fungal strains. Compound 5e, bearing a 4-ethoxyphenyl fragment, showed the best MIC value (0.304 µmol/mL) against both C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis species, while compounds 5c (MIC = 0.311 µmol/mL), 5k, and 5l (MIC = 0.287 µmol/mL) exhibited the best anti-C. albicans activity.

scholarly journals The Effectivity of Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea Sendtn.) Decoction Against The Growth of Candida albicans

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Putu Chintya Nitiyani Santika ◽  
Janti Sudiono
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cyphomandra Betacea ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Anti Fungal

Introduction: Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus that can become a pathogen which causes candidiasis when the condition of the oral cavity is imbalanced. Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea Sendtn.) is a low-fat and low-calorie fruit that has high nutritional value and provides a number of micronutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and chemical compounds, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins. The pharmacological effects of flavonoids, tannins, and saponins are antimicrobial and anti-fungal. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea Sendtn.) decoction against the growth of Candida albicans. Method: The concentrations of tamarillo decoction used in this study were 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100%. This experimental laboratory study used the well diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibitory zone. Nystatin and distilled water were used as the positive and negative controls, respectively. Results: Result showed that Tamarillo has antibacterial effect against Candida albicans. The decoction of 50% tamarillo was found to be the minimum inhibitory concentration on Candida albicans. Conclusion: Starting at a 50% concentration, tamarillo decoction is an effective growth inhibitor of Candida albicans. Hence, this natural product might be applied as an adjunctive therapy for oral candidiasis. However, further studied are still needed to confirm this result.

Candida albicans, the opportunist. A cellular and molecular perspective

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
PF Dupont
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Immune Defect ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Localized Disease ◽  
Host Tissues

Candida albicans causes the majority of opportunistic fungal infections. The yeast's commensualistic relationship with humans enables it, when environmental conditions are favorable, to multiply and replace much of the normal flora. Virulence factors of C. albicans, enabling the organism to adhere to and penetrate host tissues, involve specific molecular interactions between the cells of the fungus and the host. Localized disease, such as oral candidiasis, onychomycosis, and vaginitis, results. These infections are usually limited to surfaces of the host, and can be quickly and successfully controlled by the use of one of the available antifungal agents. Candida albicans infections typically become systemic and life threatening when the host is immunocompromised. Depending on the immune defect in the host, one of the spectrum of Candida diseases can develop. If successful treatment of these patients is to be achieved, modulation of the immune deficit, as well as the use of an appropriate antifungal drug, must become a routine part of therapeutic interventions.

Antifungal efficacy of atorvastatin-containing emulgel in the treatment of oral and vulvovaginal candidiasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Soares de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Israel Lucas Antunes Souza ◽  
Maria Eliza Samuel Amorim ◽  
Thalita de Freitas Souza ◽  
Vinicius Novaes Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Drug Repositioning ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Sterol Synthesis ◽  
In Vitro Tests

Abstract Drug repositioning has been an important ally in the search for new antifungal drugs. Statins are drugs that act to prevent sterol synthesis in both humans and fungi and for this reason they are promissory candidates to be repositioned to treat mycoses. In this study we evaluated the antifungal activity of atorvastatin by in vitro tests to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration against azole resistant Candida albicans and its mechanisms of action. Moreover, the efficacy of both atorvastatin-loaded oral and vaginal emulgels (0.75%, 1.5% and 3% w/w) was evaluated by means of in vivo experimental models of oral and vulvovaginal candidiasis, respectively. The results showed that atorvastatin minimal inhibitory concentration against C. albicans was 31.25 μg/ml. In oral candidiasis experiments, the group treated with oral emulgel containing 3.0% atorvastatin showcased total reduction in fungal load after nine days of treatment. Intravaginal delivery atorvastatin emulgel showed considerable effectiveness at the concentration of 3% (65% of fungal burden reduction) after nine days of treatment. From these findings, it is possible to assert that atorvastatin may be promising for drug repositioning towards the treatment of these opportunistic mycoses. Lay Summary Atorvastatin is a statin drug that presents antifungal activity. This study showed that atorvastatin-containing oral and vaginal emulgels were able to treat vulvovaginal and oral candidiasis of infected animal model. Therefore, we showcased that atorvastatin may be a possible therapeutic agent in order to be a used to control opportunistic mucosal fungal infections caused by Candida albicans.

Efek Proteksi Ekstrak Etanol Stichopus hermanii Terhadap Jumlah Limfosit pada Tikus yang Terpapar Asap Rokok dan Diinduksi Candida albicans

DENTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Auliasari Yunanda ◽  
Syamsulina Revianti ◽  
Isidora Karsini
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test

<p><strong><em>Latar Belakang: </em></strong>Merokok berhubungan dengan jamur rongga mulut yang dapat mengakibatkan <em>oral candidiasis</em>. <em>Stichopus hermanii</em><em> </em>mengandung efek antioksidan, antifungi dan immunostimulator. <strong><em>Tujuan: </em></strong>Mengevaluasi efek proteksi ekstrak <em>Stichopus hermanii </em>terhadap jumlah limfosit pada tikus Wistar yang terpapar asap rokok dan diinduksi <em>C.albicans.<strong> Bahan dan Metode: </strong></em>Rancangan penelitian ini adalah <em>post test-only control group</em> <em>design</em><strong><em>. </em></strong>42 ekor tikus Wistar jantan, dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok, Kelompok1 (saline 0,1mL, udara segar, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok2 (saline 0,1mL, asap rokok, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok3 (<em>C.albicans </em>0,1mL, udara segar, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok4 (<em>C.albicans </em>0,1mL, asap rokok, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok5 (saline 0,1mL, asap rokok, ekstrak <em>Stichopus hermanii</em> 0,02mg/kgBB), Kelompok6 (<em>C.albicans</em> 0,1mL, udara segar, ekstrak <em>Stichopus hermanii </em>0,02mg/kgBB), Kelompok7 (<em>C.albicans </em>0,1 mL, asap rokok, ekstrak <em>Stichopus hermanii </em>0,02mg/kgBB). Tikus Wistar diinduksi <em>C.albicans</em> 1 minggu, terpapar asap rokok 8 minggu, dan diberi ekstrak <em>Stichopus hermanii</em> 8 minggu. Selanjutnya, tikus Wistar dikorbankan setelah 2 bulan perlakuan. Jumlah limfosit dihitung melalui metode hapusan darah dengan <em>different counting</em> dibawah mikroskop cahaya dengan pembesaran 1000x. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji <em>Kruskal-Wallis</em> dan <em>Mann-Whitney</em>.<strong><em> Hasil:</em></strong> Kelompok yang terpapar asap rokok dan diinduksi C.albicans memiliki dapat menurunkan jumlah limfosit, kelompok suplementasi menggunakan ekstrak ethanol <em>Stichopus hermanii</em> dapat meningkatkan jumlah limfosit<em>. </em><strong><em>S</em></strong><strong><em>impulan:</em></strong><strong> </strong>Suplementasi ekstrak <em>Stichopus hermanii</em> memiliki efek protektif untuk memicu proliferasi limfosit pada tikus Wistar setelah paparan asap rokok dan induksi <em>C.albicans</em>.</p>

Ultrastructural Changes of Candida albicans Species Induced by the Presence of Sodium Diclofenac

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2566-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rusu ◽  
Ionela Sarbu ◽  
Magdalena Mitache ◽  
Horatiu Moldovan ◽  
Carmen Ioana Biris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Sodium Diclofenac ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption ◽  
Candidiasis Treatment

The high frequency of occurrence of candidiasis as well as high mortality of patients with immunosuppression cause a tendency toward better understanding of Candida albicans species virulence factors and developing sensitive and specific diagnostic methods, and appropriate strategies of candidiasis treatment. In recent decades the incidence of fungal infections has alarming increases because of advanced medical treatments. In this study was analyzed possible ultrastructural changes of the species C. albicans cells following treatment with sodium diclofenac at various concentrations. Following treatment of C. albicans cells with sodium diclofenac 1 mM and 2 mM changes in the plasmalemma can be noticed, changes in the density of cell wall, disruption and necrotic appearance of the cytoplasm.

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