POSITIVE DISCRIMINATION AS A FACTOR OF LIMITATION OF SOCIAL POLARIZATION AND STIMULUS TO ECONOMIC GROWTH (IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DISCUSSION ON PROSPECTS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Kolin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Social Polarization ◽  
Positive Discrimination

From free to fee: Neoliberalising preferential policy measures for minority education in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-99
Author(s):  
Naomi C.F. Yamada
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western China ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
University Admissions ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Preferential Policy

In both China and in the United States, policies of 'positive discrimination' were originally intended to lessen educational and economic inequalities, and to provide equal opportunities. As with affirmative action in the American context, China's 'preferential policies' are broad-reaching, but are best known for taking ethnic background into consideration for university admissions. The rhetoric of China's preferential policy discourse has remained surprisingly constant but shifts to a market-economy and incorporation of neoliberal elements have resulted in fee-based reforms that discourage inclusion of poorer students. In addition, as ethnic minority students principally from Western China compete to enter 'self-funded' college preparatory programmes, public funding is being directed towards the achievement of 'world-class' universities overwhelmingly concentrated in Eastern China. In contrast, in the United States, the difficulty of defending affirmative action in the face of a neoliberal climate has resulted in a shift in policy. If in China the policy remains even as the 'rule' has changed (Arno 2009), in contrast, in American institutions the rhetoric has shifted away from affirmative action in favour of diversity but efforts to hold on to the rules that promote equal opportunities remain.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Effects of Public Investment on Labor Demand through the Channel of Economic Growth with a Focus on Socio-Professional Categories and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Mame Cheikh Anta Sall ◽  
Adriana Burlea-Schiopoiu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Employment Programs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

The paper aims to analyze the impact of public investments generated by implementing the Emerging Senegal Plan (ESP) on economic growth and gender inequalities observed in the labor market in Senegal. A dynamic computable general equilibrium modeling was carried out for this purpose using a social accounting matrix (SAM) based on an extensive segmentation of the labor market according to gender and socio-professional category. The results prove that the investments made in priority market sectors led, overall, to a good trajectory of economic growth. Moreover, job creation followed the expansion of sectors of the economy, which increased their demand for labor because of the capital increase. In conclusion, there is a strong demand for qualified women (senior executives and middle executives). We recommend considering positive discrimination in favor of women by implementing public employment programs and the importance of recovery sectors affected by the pandemic.

scholarly journals Merebut Kursi Impian Partisipasi Perempuan di Tengah Intervensi Negara dan Dinasti Politik

Intizar ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Adek Risma Dedees
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The Political ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Face ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
The Government

Kebijakan affirmative action merupakan bentuk diksriminasi positif bagi perempuan di Indonesia untuk terlibat langsung dalam proses pembuatan dan pengambilan kebijakan di parlemen. Dengan kebijakan ini kesadaran gender di parlemen pelan tapi pasti memberikan harapan bagi perjuangan dan keadilan perempuan. Kebijakan affirmative action diharapkan mampu mengubah wajah parlemen yang bias kepentingan patriarki menuju kebijakan-kebijakan yang lebih ramah kepada perempuan. Sementara itu, partisipasi perempuan melalui dinasti politik sebagai sandaran tidak bisa disebut jelek atau tidak memiliki modal atau pengetahuan berpolitik. Sebagai tahap awal dan lewat jalur apapun, lebih baik rakyat melihat perempuan di posisi paling tinggi di pemerintahan, perusahaan, dan organisasi daripada tidak sama sekali. Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif interpretatif dengan kajian pustaka perihal persoalan partisipasi perempuan dalam ranah politik.Affirmative action policies are forms of positive discrimination for women in Indonesia to be directly involved in the manufacturing process and policy making in parliament. With this policy of gender awareness in parliament, it slowly but surely gives hope to women's struggle and justice. Affirmative action policies are expected to change the face of parliament biased towards the interests of patriarchal policies that are more friendly to women. Meanwhile, the participation of women through political dynasty as the backrest cannot be called bad, or does not have the capital or knowledge of politics. As an early stage and through any path, it is much better people's view of women is in the highest positions in the government, companies, and organizations than nothing at all. This type of research is qualitative interpretive literature review regarding the issue of women's participation in the political sphere.

Affirmative Action in French Law

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Gwenaëlle Calves
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
General Public ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
French Law ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Family Allowances

In recent years, the concept of positive discrimination has attracted considerable attention in France among both legal scholars and the general public. In an increasing number of areas, ranging from access to bicycle paths to restriction of family allowances according to income, any rules that appear to depart, however slightly, from the prevailing norm of equal treatment strictly construed, now tend to be presented as measures of positive discrimination.

Affirmative Action and Positive Discrimination

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-98
Author(s):  
Daniel Disalvo ◽  
James W. Ceaser
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Group Status ◽  
University Admissions ◽  
Positive Discrimination

A specter is haunting France and America. It is known alternatively as “discrimination positive” or “affirmative action.” The concept refers to policies that legitimate the use of measures that explicitly take into account an individual’s group status in the allocation of jobs, contracts, and university admissions to assist groups that are disadvantaged and that have suffered historically from discrimination. According to its proponents, the larger objectives of these policies include eliminating patterns of negative discrimination, producing greater equality, integrating members of these groups into society by giving them a larger stake in it, and achieving greater representativeness or diversity.

Investigation of Attitudes and Perceptions of Human Resource Managers at Hospitality Establishments Regarding Affirmative Action Programs A Case Study in Eskişehir-Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Davut Uysal ◽  
Rahman Temizkan ◽  
Nazmi Taslacı
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Positive Discrimination

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions and attitudes of human resource managers at some hospitality organisations regarding the employment of disadvantaged individuals as part of affirmative action program in the province of Eskişehir-Turkey. This study is a qualitative study focusing on real cases to inspire other organisations. The data were collected through active interviews, and the collected data was analysed through the use of manual qualitative data analysis methods. The findings of the study reveal that perceptions of human resource managers regarding disadvantaged individuals at hospitality organisations are closely related to disabled individuals. They do not have positive attitudes towards the employment of disadvantaged individuals in tourism as part of affirmative action programs. They are also against positive discrimination of disadvantaged individuals in the employment in tourism for some reasons. All these findings suggest that participants are confused about some terms regarding affirmative action.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN PADA LEMBAGA LEGISLATIF TAHUN 2014-2019 DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ani Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Political Party ◽  
District Level ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Political Actions ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Main Factor

Temporary special measures or positive discrimination on woman participation in legislatives, or known as affirmative action has been established since 2004 by Political Party and Legislative Acts packages. This research is using qualitative methods with socio-legal approach, which is combining the two aspects: regulation aspect and non-regulation aspect. It is necessary to combine those two aspect to put the text on the context; relation between law and its underpinned implementation on society. The result from this research show that on 2004, the number of East Java Province Legislative’s members were 100, consists of 85 person male and 15 person female. On the district level, Surabaya is the highest number of woman representation by 34% (17 from 50), Madiun 33,3% (10 from 30), Kediri 33,3% (10 from 30, and Probolinggo 33,3% (10 from 30). The lowest precentage were Bangkalan, Sampang, and Pasuruan whose woman’s precentation were below 3%. The main factor of the low women legislative’s representation number were the patriarch culture, the image of domestic women instead of their public-political actions effecting both of the women electability, male-dominated political party’s culture and their political participation itselfKebijakan khusus dikenal dengan prinsip “ Affirmative Action “ atau diskriminasi positif  telah diterapkan pada UU Partai Politik dan UU Pemilu Legislatif.  Affirmative Action bersifat sementara, sehingga apabila tujuan dan sasaran untuk mencapai kesetaraan telah tercapai atau kelompok-kelompok yang dilindungi telah terintegrasi, maka kebijakan tersebut tidak lagi diterapkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan sosio legal research, Penelitian sosio legal dipilih karena dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat teks dan konsteksnya, juga akan dilihat bagaimana implementasi dan relasi antara UU dengan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di DPRD di Provinsi Jawa Timur terdapat 15 perempuan dari 100 anggota, laki laki 85, sehingga representasi perempuan sebesar 15%.  Kota Surabaya mempunyai representasi 34% (17 dari 50), Madiun 33,3%, Kediri 33,3%, Probolinggo 33,3%, Sampang 2,2%, Pasuruan  3,3% ( 1 dari 30) serta  Bangkalan 0%. Faktor utama rendahnya representasi adalah budaya patriarkhi yang berkelindan diantara stakeholder, yaitu Partai Politik, perempuan dan masyarakat pemilih

scholarly journals A commentary on the positive discrimination policy of India

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Tameshnie Deane
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Action Measures ◽  
Past Wrongs

Affirmative action and discriminatory measures are complex and controversial issues. The goal of affirmative action is to speed up the creation of a representative and equitable workforce and to assist those who were historically disadvantaged by unfair discrimination to fulfil their maximum potential. The term invokes emotions that range from fear and rage to satisfaction. Affirmative action has encouraged an ongoing debate regarding the legal, moral and economic questions arising from the preferential treatment of certain groups of people in society. Underlying this debate are various concerns about the notion of reverse discrimination or the unfair disadvantage to individuals who bear no responsibility for past or present discrimination practised by others. This article states the current position with regard to the caste system and the reservation of jobs in the Republic of India in the context of affirmative action and the achievement of equality in the workplace. Its purpose is to highlight the extreme division of opinion about what is socially acceptable, namely, caste. Further, it provides the reader with an understanding of the need for affirmative action in the first place in India, and thereby creates a powerful tool for understanding discrimination and the need for affirmative action measures. Another goal is to provide useful guidelines and information to all persons involved in implementing affirmative action programmes. It serves to show that if affirmative action measures and/or discriminatory measures are not properly thought out then affirmative action becomes burdensome and even more discriminatory, rather than being a means of achieving equality and redressing past wrongs.

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