scholarly journals Satisfaction influence of convicted and imprisoned persons with interpersonal relations on their suicidal intentions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Volevakha I. B. ◽  
◽  
Inzhyevska L. A. ◽  
Mykhailenko O. O. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Penal Institutions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the study is to reveal the impact of prisoners and convicts’ satisfaction on their relationship with closer environment on their suicidal tendencies, as well as on feeling of hopelessness as a predictor of suicide. Methodology. The interrogation of 181 imprisoned persons in penal institutions (pre-trial detention centers) located in 21 oblasts of Ukraine was conducted in order to clarify the indicators and the relationships between them. The following methods were used: 1) test “SR-45” (by Yunatskevych) that reveals a tendency to suicide risk; 2) Beck’s “Hopelessness” scale that reveals the level of hopelessness; 3) questionnaire of measuring the satisfaction with interpersonal relations that influences the level of the convicts relationship with the three groups that make up the social environment: relatives (family), employees of penal institutions (pre-trial detention centers) and other convicts. A five-point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire. Results. The study revealed an impact on the level of suicide risk regarding the relationship with personnel of the penal institutions (p≤0.01) – bad relations with the personnel increase the susceptibility of convicts to suicide. The influence of the level of convicts’ satisfaction with relationship with the personnel (p≤0.01) and with their relatives (p≤0.01) on the feeling of hopelessness was also revealed – the higher the satisfaction, the lower the hopelessness. No statistically significant effects of convicts’ satisfaction with relationships with other convicts on the level of suicidal reactions and on the hopelessness were found. Practical implications. The obtained results indicate the need for preventive measures aimed at raising awareness of the personnel of the penal institution and pre-trial detention centers on the aspects of convicts’ suicidal behavior and the socio-psychological competence in general, promoting the preservation of prisoners’ relationship with their relatives. Originality/value. The research was conducted by the authors in September 2020 – March 2021. This is the first attempt in Ukrainian psychological science to study empirically the impact of prisoners and convicts’ satisfaction with their relationship with the social environment on their suicidal intentions. Key words: imprisoned, convicts, suicide, suicidal behavior, relationship satisfaction, administration, family and relatives.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Representation of Social Space on the Perception of Crime by Juveniles

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Kirill Zlokazov ◽  
Ekaterina Ilyankova ◽  
Anton Rozhkov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Space ◽  
World View ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relevance of this research is connected with the necessity of develo­ping the theory of delinquent behavior and of improving the prevention of juvenile delinquency. The analysis of clauses that form the foundation of delinquency prevention programs shows the dominance of personal, behavioral and social environment-related views and a poor development of subjective views that modify the understanding of social consequences of crimes by adolescents. The goal of this research was to study the ideas of adolescents regarding social space and their impact on their assessment of crimes and their consequences. The study was based on the principles and clauses of a subjective approach, and the social-cognitive theory. The information processing methods included the frequency content-analysis (text-meaning), the assessment of differences (H-test of Kruskal-Wallis), and the multi-factor, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The authors established that juvenile delinquents’ understanding of interactions in the social space has an influence on their description of crimes. They also determined the statistical differences in the understanding of interaction with the social space between law-abiding adolescents and juvenile delinquents. It was shown that juvenile delinquents believe that social space ignores and devalues them, while law abiding adolescents believe that it is sensitive and supportive. Juvenile delinquents consider it possible to be irresponsible and dishonest in their interactions with other people, while law abiding adolescents strive to be responsible, honest and fair. The authors found out that the assessment of relationships with the social environment has an impact on the description of the consequences of a crime in a group of juvenile delinquents. The obtained results specify the ideas on the subjectivity of juvenile delinquents, prove that the subjective world view determines how the crime itself and its consequences are perceived, provide additional evidence that underage crimes are determined by the disruption of the relationship with the social environment, and show that the consequences of crimes are described using the vocabulary of risks and opportunities, consequences and advantages, break-up with the close ones and isolation.

Stress, Cortisol and Suicide Risk

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Brian O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
The Impact

Suicide is a global health issue accounting for at least 800,000 deaths per annum. Numerous models have been proposed that differ in their emphasis on the role of psychological, social, psychiatric and neurobiological factors in explaining suicide risk. Central to many models is a stress-diathesis component which states that suicidal behavior is the result of an interaction between acutely stressful events and a susceptibility to suicidal behavior (a diathesis). This article presents an overview of studies that demonstrate that stress and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, as measured by cortisol levels, are important additional risk factors for suicide. Evidence for other putative stress-related suicide risk factors including childhood trauma, impaired executive function, impulsivity and disrupted sleep are considered together with the impact of family history of suicide, perinatal and epigenetic influences on suicide risk.

Social comparison orientation and mental health: The mediating role of psychological capital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Yang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Weijiong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Comparison Orientation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known about the relationship between social comparison orientation and mental health, especially in the psychological capital context. We proposed a theoretical model to examine the impact of ability- and opinion-based social comparison orientation on mental health using data from 304 undergraduates. We also examined the mediating effect of the four psychological capital components of hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism in the relationship between social comparison orientation and mental health. Results show that an ability (vs. opinion) social comparison orientation was negatively (vs. positively) related to the psychological capital components. Further, the resilience and optimism components of psychological capital fully mediated the social comparison orientation–mental health relationship. Our findings indicate that psychological capital should be considered in the promotion of mental health, and that the two social comparison orientation types have opposite effects on psychological capital.

scholarly journals Effect of Train-Induced Wind on the Transmission of COVID-19: A New Insight into Potential Infectious Risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8164
Author(s):  
Simin Zou ◽  
Xuhui He
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Passenger Safety ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gaussian Puff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fresh Insight ◽  
Moving Train

The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has caused a traffic tie-up across the world. In addition to home quarantine orders and travel bans, the social distance guideline of about six feet was enacted to reduce the risk of contagion. However, with recent life gradually returning to normal, the crisis is not over. In this research, a moving train test and a Gaussian puff model were employed to investigate the impact of wind raised by a train running on the transmission and dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 from infected individuals. Our findings suggest that the 2 m social distance guideline may not be enough; under train-induced wind action, human respiratory disease-carrier droplets may travel to unexpected places. However, there are deficiencies in passenger safety guidelines and it is necessary to improve the quantitative research in the relationship between train-induced wind and virus transmission. All these findings could provide a fresh insight to contain the spread of COVID-19 and provide a basis for preventing and controlling the pandemic virus, and probe into strategies for control of the disease in the future.

scholarly journals Political Instability and Growth: Case of the Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Said JAOUADI ◽  
Lamia ARFAOUI ◽  
Azza ZIEDI
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper attempted to examine the causal relationship between political instability and growth. Currently, the world continues to record huge number of popular revolutions in the region MENA, to improve the social environment and to consolidate implementing an effective governance. Although, the uprising has harmed the financial and economic situation in these countries, and became a threat for the stability of the countries, in overall.The manuscript accounts for the impact of political instability on the growth of the developing countries, in the shadow of the widespread of the revolutions since 2011. The paper attempted to illuminate the reality of the relationship between political environment and growth through the estimation of panel, comprising 69 developing countries 1985-2012.In the current paper, the authors conducted an empirical investigation, in which we bore out the claims raised in many surveys and the conclusions drawn by several authors about the harmful impact of political instability on the fundamental bases of the economy, in countries recording political instability.

scholarly journals Simulation of the impact of economic development on social development of the country

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Olena Rayevnyeva ◽  
Iryna Aksonova ◽  
Olha Brovko ◽  
Stanislav Filip
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Algorithmic Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Factors

In the current conditions of development of the international and national economy, an important task of statistical research is to conduct an objective and timely assessment and modeling of the relationship between indicators of economic and social development. Based on the results of these studies, reasonable management influences of the state on the adjustment and regulation of the country’s development are accepted. The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between the main components of economic and social development of the country and the construction of a set of models for forecasting the prospects of the country. The object of the study is the socio-economic condition of the country. The article proposes an algorithmic model for assessing the impact of economic development on society, which allows to identify key economic indicators that influence and shape the social development of the country. The practical value of the algorithmic model is to develop a system of evaluation and selection as a result of modeling the most significant factors that shape the social development of the country. The study confirmed the hypothesis of the dominant impact of economic development on society and determined that the main economic factors are the level of competencies that satisfy the modern labour market, technical development of businesses and their competitiveness in markets.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Z. Safarova ◽  
M. Khodzhieva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pressure Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Article presents data on the dynamics of blood pressure under the influence of the social environment and changes in diet, as well as the impact of various diseases.

scholarly journals The Impact of Covid-19 On State-Religion Relations: A Study On Israel And Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
Sevinç Alkan Özcan ◽  
Muhammed Hüzeyin Mercan
Keyword(s):  
State Intervention ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Mass Gatherings ◽  
Public Events ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Regulations, measures and restrictions implemented by state authorities on public events and mass gatherings due to fear, anxiety, and panic caused by COVID-19 pandemic have made religious field more open to state intervention since the global pandemic started and religious practices underwent radical changes. Governments’ public health measures concerning the places of mass worship and religious gatherings to stop the spread of the pandemic and the reactions of religious groups against their orders and imposed restrictions emerged as a new dimension of the debates on state-religion and state-individual relations. In this regard, the main purpose of the study is to discuss the new global religious trends that emerged with the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, which reshapes state-religion relations through the regulations and measure for containing the virus, in light of the experiences in different regions and religious traditions, and to analyze the relationship between the religion and the state in the Middle East, specifically the cases of Israel and Iran as religious character is dominant and orthodox religious groups play a significant role within the social and political structure in both countries.

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