scholarly journals The natural ambiguity of the notion of ‘natural', and how to overcome it

EPISTEMOLOGIA ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 247-263
Author(s):  
Mauro Dorato
Keyword(s):  
Human Values ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Natural Laws ◽  
Descriptive Sense

In this paper I will explore the ramification of the distinction between fact and values in order to show that human values enter in various ways in both science and (nano)technologies without violating Hume's fact/value distinction. Among the nanotechnologies, I will discuss the case study provided by the use of microchips implanted under our skin: though they do not obviously overcome the limits of the natural laws (intended in the descriptive sense), their application might in principle jeopardize our ethical principles in a way that is more powerful than previously existing ‘macrotechnology'. This greater power depends on the fact that the properties of the macroworld depend on the ‘nanoworld', but not conversely.

Freedom of speech is not freedom from ethics: the 2019 Israel Folau media controversy as a case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2199289
Author(s):  
Jay Daniel Thompson ◽  
Denis Muller
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Rugby Player ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One

This article examines how freedom of speech is framed in the media controversy surrounding the Australian rugby player Israel Folau’s April 2019 Instagram post. A content analysis and framing analysis of newspaper reportage reveals that the controversy has been largely discussed in terms of whether or not Folau’s speech was being curtailed and whether this curtailing indicates a broader, ideologically motivated censoriousness. This discussion is problematic in that it says little about the actual substance of Folau’s post. This article argues that debates surrounding freedom of speech such as the one involving Folau could and should be enriched by an engagement with ethical principles. This engagement is premised on a commitment to the free exchange of views, while acknowledging that ‘speech’ is not always inherently beneficial for democracy, nor worth defending.

The Earth Charter and the Debate On Biotechnology—the New Zealand Case

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Prue Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Source Document ◽  
Ethical Debate ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth Charter

AbstractThis article examines the relevance of the Earth Charter to ethical debate on biotechnology. It uses the New Zealand Bioethics Council as a case study to demonstrate the positive contributions that the Charter could make to a nation's efforts to articulate ethical principles. It begins by examining the general tasks of the Council and demonstrates that the Charter is primarily useful as a fundamental source document and a critical tool for stimulating ethical dialogue. But its articulation of universal responsibility, together with its inspirational and educational nature, are also of significance. Moving from the general to the particular, the article applies one of the Charter's principles, "respect for all life", to the particular issue of transgenic animals. It is argued that this principle could help to fundamentally reframe debate on this issue.

scholarly journals Human Values in Textbooks: A Case Study of General Zia and Post-2010 Democratic Regimes

2017 ◽  
Vol 0101 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qamar Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Human Values ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
English Textbooks ◽  
A Minor

The study is qualitative in nature using the content analysis method of research. The core objective of the study has been to gauge and compare the values in the textbooks during two eras; viz, General Zia-ul-Haq (1978-1988) and Post-2010 democratic regimes. For this purpose, the textbooks of two different time periods have been selected – primary level (grade I to V) English (as a subject) textbooks published by the Punjab Textbook Board during General Zia-ul-Haq regime and the same level English textbooks published by the Punjab Textbook Board during post-2010 democratic regimes. The human values such as tolerance, patience, empathy, honesty, justice, equity, and humanism have been divided into some categories with further subcategories as indicators to match with the content of textbooks. The collected data revealed that neither the textbooks during the Zia-ul-Haq period nor the textbooks of post-2010 regimes promoted these values in the students, as they ought to be. A minor percentage of human values have been found in the textbooks of both eras.

Ethical Aspects of Talking to a Patient

2016 ◽  
pp. 203-235
Author(s):  
Roman Ossowski ◽  
Paweł Izdebski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
The Subject

A very important role in the diagnosing process is played by the conversation with a patient, which should always have a diagnostic-therapeutic character. The subject of interest of this paper are the relations between medical personnel and patients. The chapter aimed to explain the application of main ethical theories in conversation with patients as a diagnostic-therapeutic instrument. As an example, a case study illustrates basic ethical principles of such a conversation. It as an instrument of diagnosis and therapy retained its value despite introducing numerous methods of diagnosis based on the findings of modern physics or electronics. In our view, the conversation should always aim at the benefit of the patient and the results of treatment as well as sustaining patient's subjectivity and hope for achieving a higher quality of life.

scholarly journals An Ethical Framework for the Design, Development, Implementation, and Assessment of Drones Used in Public Healthcare

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 2867-2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Cawthorne ◽  
Aimee Robbins-van Wynsberghe
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Applied Ethics ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Ethical Guidelines

Abstract The use of drones in public healthcare is suggested as a means to improve efficiency under constrained resources and personnel. This paper begins by framing drones in healthcare as a social experiment where ethical guidelines are needed to protect those impacted while fully realizing the benefits the technology offers. Then we propose an ethical framework to facilitate the design, development, implementation, and assessment of drones used in public healthcare. Given the healthcare context, we structure the framework according to the four bioethics principles: beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice, plus a fifth principle from artificial intelligence ethics: explicability. These principles are abstract which makes operationalization a challenge; therefore, we suggest an approach of translation according to a values hierarchy whereby the top-level ethical principles are translated into relevant human values within the domain. The resulting framework is an applied ethics tool that facilitates awareness of relevant ethical issues during the design, development, implementation, and assessment of drones in public healthcare.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTING MULTICULTURAL VALUES OF STUDENTS THROUGH RELIGIOUS CULTURE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ISLAMIC GLOBAL SCHOOL MALANG CITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Ach Fikri Fausi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Research Type

Abstract: The internalization of multicultural values ​​is carried out as an effort to introduce the diversity of Indonesian society. This means that the internalization of multicultural values ​​wants to provide planting for students to respect and have good humanistic qualities among their peers. Internalization of values ​​is a way to introduce diversity and differences to students without questioning the differences that each student has. From the results of observations at SD-Islamic Global School Malang City, educators has properly applied multicultural internalization to students through religious culture. This discovery aims to obtain concrete, definite and accountable clarity regarding the internalization of multicultural values ​​to students through religious culture in SD-Islamic Global School Malang City. This study aims to: 1) Understand the religious culture model in SD-Islamic Global School Malang City, 2) identify multicultural values ​​internalized through religious culture in SD Islamic Global School Malang City, and 3) describe the process of internalizing multicultural values through religious culture in SD Islamic Global School Malang City. To achieve this goal, this study used a qualitative research approach by selecting the background of SD Islamic Global School Malang, then the researcher used a case study research type. The results showed that: 1) Religious culture model in SD-Islamic Global School Malang City is divided into two types, namely: a) the value of devotion to God, and b) human values. 2) There are two types of multicultural values ​​internalized through religious culture in SD-Islamic Global School Malang, namely: a) democratic values. b) The value of tolerance, 3) The process of internalizing the multicultural values ​​of students through religious culture at SD-Islamic Global School Malang: a) role models, teachers b) habits, and c) through Standard Operating Procedures (SOP).

scholarly journals People as an essential tool for considering ethics in the product lifecycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mersha AFTAB ◽  
Alana JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Product Lifecycle ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Creation

This paper explores the vital engagement of people at different stages of the product lifecycle. The incorporation of human values in the creation of empathy allows for ethics to be considered across the design and make process. A case study approach was adopted utilising data obtained from two large consumer goods companies. From this, a relationship was found to lie between the involvement of people as active participants and the creation of empathy. These empathetic values consequently facilitated the consideration of a responsible approach to be implemented. Conclusions show that during the design process people create added value with a participatory approach, whilst during production consumers become prosumers in consumer-led innovation to help drive forward an ethical agenda.

Preparing Faculty to Integrate Ethics into Online Facilitation

2011 ◽  
pp. 284-294
Author(s):  
Tina J. Parscal ◽  
Peter Bemski
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Faculty Training ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Online Facilitation

This qualitative case study was designed to determine the extent to which a framework for exploring ethical principles for online facilitation is integrated into an online training course for faculty preparing to teach online. Specifically, this study examined the extent to which the principles of ethical teaching are addressed in an asynchronous faculty training course where participants complete learning activities designed to promote comprehension, application, and synthesis of ethical principles for teaching. Content analysis was performed on archived discussion forum transcripts from 18 randomly selected faculty members over a 12-month period. This chapter summarizes the ethical themes that emerged through content analysis.

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