L'alterazione del tempo nella malinconia. Un indagine fenomenologica

PARADIGMI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
Stefano Micali
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Eternal Recurrence ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Important Trend

- An important trend of psychiatric research views psychopathological symptoms as temporal disturbances. This essay is based on the assumption that melancholia/ depression primarily signifies an alteration of experience of time, essentially linked to an alteration of the ways in which the subjects experience their own body and how they relate to other people. The phenomenological approach allows us to understand how the melancholic person suffers a blocked future, how he/she is irrevocably marked by a past that never passes and how the present is experienced as an eternal recurrence of one and the same state.Key words: Phenomenology, Psychiatry, Melancholia, Depression, Time, Diachrony.Parole chiave: Fenomenologia, Psichiatria, Malinconia, Depressione, Tempo, Diacronia.

Looking for the Self in Psychiatry: Perils and Promises of Phenomenology–Neuroscience Partnership in Schizophrenia Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şerife Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Research Paradigm ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Alternative Research

Psychiatric research on schizophrenia is currently undergoing a period of extraordinary science, with many alternative research programs investigating the illness using different assumptions and methodologies. As the struggles the DSM-led research faces are now “more generally recognized as such by the profession,” trust in the dominant DSM-led research paradigm is shaken, and “numerous partial solutions to the problem” are made available (Kuhn 1962, 82-83). I use philosophical tools in this chapter to evaluate one of these alternative research approaches that I call “phenomenology-neuroscience partnership” (PNP). In part II, I lay out the phenomenological approach to schizophrenia that is critical of the DSM-led research. In part III, I focus on the phenomenology-neuroscience partnership (PNP) that takes this phenomenological approach as a starting point to investigate schizophrenia, and address its shortcomings. In part IV, I conclude by pointing out the strengths of the PNP and offer prescriptions for its improvement.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI ORANG TUA TENTANG KEKERASAN SEKSUAL PADA ANAK DI KARANGANYAR RT 03/RW 01 KELURAHAN BANYUMANIK KOTA SEMARANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Umariyah Febriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genital Organ ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Sex Abuse ◽  
Central Java

Latar belakang: Kekerasan seksual merupakan hubungan atau interaksi antara seorang anak dengan orang yang lebih tua atau orang dewasa seperti orang asing, saudara sekandung atau orang tua dimana anak dipergunakan sebagai objek pemuas kebutuhan seksual pelaku. Kota Semarang menduduki peringkat ketiga dengan 42 kasus kekerasan seksual pada anak dari 35 kabupaten di Jateng. Studi pendahuluan yang didapatkan dari Bapermas sub bidang PPA Kecamatan Banyumanik Kota Semarang di Karanganyar Rt 03/Rw 01 Kelurahan Banyumanik terdapat 1 kasus kejadian kekerasan seksual pada anak di tahun 2015 anak tersebut masih berumur 14 tahun. Tujuan penelitian: mengeksplorasi persepsi orang tua tentang kekerasan seksual pada anak di Karanganyar Rt 03/Rw 01 Kelurahan Banyumanik Kota Semarang. Metode penelitian: Desain penelitian yang digunakan penelitian Kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 9-12 tahun. Dalam penelitian ini menentukan jumlah populasi dengan saturasi data.Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri. Hasil penelitian: Dari 6 tujuan khusus yang telah ditetapkan, telah terjadi kesaturasian data pada setiap tujuan khusus. Kesimpulan: Orang tua memiliki pemahaman yang baik tentang kejahatan seksual pada anak. Saran: Untuk itu, disarankan kepada orang tua agar memberikan pendidikan seks dini kepada anak sejak umur 5 tahun di mana pendidikan seks dini meliputi memberitahu anatomi organ genital dan siapa saja yang boleh menyentuh tubuh anak tersebut. Kata kunci : persepsi orang tua; kekerasan seksual pada anak  Perceptions of Parents about Sexual Abuse on Children in Karanganyar RT 03 / RW 01 Banyumanik Subdistrict, Semarang City. Abstract Background: Sexual abuse is a relationship or interaction between a child and an older person or adult like a stranger, sibling or parent where the child is used as an object of satisfying the needs of sexual perpetrators. Semarang city occupies third position with 42 cases of sexual abuse on children of 35 districts in Central Java. Preliminary studies were obtained from Bapermas sub-sector of  PPA Banyumanik District of Semarang in Karanganyar RT 03 / RW 01. Banyumanik Subdistrict there is one case of child sexual abuse incident in 2015, the child was 14 years old. The aim of study: was to explore the perception of parents about the sexual abuse of children in Karanganyar RT 03 / RW 01 Banyumanik Subdistrict, Semarang City. Methods: The study design used qualitative research with phenomenological approach. Participants in this study are the parents who have children aged 9-12 years old. In this study determines the amount of population with saturation of data. Instrument in this study is the researchers themselves. Results: From the sixth purposes that has been agreed, it has been data compatible in each specific purpose. Conclusion: The parents have a good understanding about sex abuse of children. Suggestion: There for, it is suggested to parents to provide early sex education to children from the age of 5 years in which early sex education includes telling anatomical genital organ and anyone is allowed to touch the body of the child. Key words : the perception of parents; sexual abuse on children

Pengalaman Penderita Skizofrenia tentang Proses Terjadinya Halusinasi Suryani

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryani S
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Tape Recorder ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Coping Behaviour ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
The People

Halusinasi adalah gejala khas skizofrenia yang merupakan pengalaman sensori menyimpang atau salah yang dipersepsikan sebagai sesuatu yang nyata. Kondisi ini menyebabkan individu tidak dapat kontak dengan lingkungan dan hidup dalam dunianya sendiri. Penderita skizofrenia dengan halusinasi yang masih kuat dapat berbahaya bagi dirinya sendiri dan orang lain. Hingga saat ini, mekanisme terjadinya halusinasi yang dialami penderita skizofrenia belum jelas. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada Desember 2007 hingga April 2008 ini bertujuan menggali pengalaman penderita skizofrenia tentang proses terjadinya halusinasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Delapan orang responden yang memenuhi kriteria diwawancara secara mendalam dan seluruh pembicaraannya direkam dengan tape recorder. Hasil wawancara dianalisis dengan pendekatan Collaizi dan diperoleh lima tema besar yakni proses terjadinya halusinasi dimulai dengan serangkaian masalah yang dipikirkan atau dirasakan penderita, situasi atau kondisi tertentu dapat mencetuskan halusinasi, proses halusinasi terjadi secara bertahap, waktu proses halusinasi, dan pencegahan halusinasi dengan pendekatan spiritual serta penggunaan koping yang konstruktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam merawat penderita skizofrenia yang mengalami halusinasi, perawat harus memahami bagaimana terjadinya halusinasi secara komprehensif.Kata kunci:Fenomena, proses halusinasi, skizofrenia AbstractHallucination is one hallmark symptom of schizophrenia. Hallucination is false or distorted sensory experiences that appear to be real perception. This condition causes the individuals to lose contact with environment and live in their own world. They are also dangerous for other people and themselves because the hallucination threatens them. Until now, the phenomenon of hallucination have not been revealed yet. Therefore, it is important to explore the live world of the people who experience hallucination. The purpose of this research is to undertake an exploration of living with hallucination as described by people who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Phenomenological approach was used to gain data. The data was analysed using Collaizi’ approach to analysis. Eight clients with schizophrenia were selected, and data were collected through audiotaped semistructured interviewes. Five main categories of theme emerged from the interviews: The process of hallicunation was started by a lot of problem that burdened the clients; the process of hallicunation was triggered by specific situation and condition; the process of hallucination was happened in several step, time for the process of hallucinations and hallucinations can be prevented by spiritual activity and constructive coping behaviour. Conclusions highlight the need to understand about the process of hallucinations comprehensifly. Key words: Phenomenon, schizophrenia, the process of hallucinations

Once more and for eternity? Facing the horror of cosmic recurrence in Southbound

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Brian Zager
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Horror Film ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Eternal Recurrence ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Time Loop ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

In this article, I examine how the use of repetition structures in the 2015 horror film Southbound accentuate the genre’s concern regarding the relationship between a peculiar experience of time and the emotion of fear. While analysis of the urge to repeat in horror texts can be examined through a psychoanalytic lens, I suggest that applying a Nietzschean perspective provides an equally helpful framework for reading these films at the levels of both form and content. Specifically, Nietzsche’s doctrine of eternal recurrence offers us much in the way of understanding these films which use a time-loop device to disrupt the experience of both the characters and audience. After delineating how Nietzsche’s ideas can help guide analysis of such repeated action tropes in horror, I provide a close reading of Southbound in an attempt to flesh out this particular theoretical orientation.

scholarly journals EMOTION FUNCTION, ACCORDING TO J. P. SARTRE’S PHENOMENOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Rafał Abramciow ◽  
Alina Kałużna-Wielobób
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Phenomenological Psychology ◽  
Psychological Literature ◽  
Emotional Function

The aim of analysis is to demonstrate that phenomenological approach to nature can be useful for psychology, as it broadens the understanding of emotion. J. P. Sartre understanding of emotion nature was presented. Emotion functions according to Sartre were another focus of the research, as was comparing those functions to emotion functions specified in contemporary psychological literature. Key words: Sartre, emotion, emotional function, phenomenology.

Behaviour of broken ice as a geomaterial

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
T. T. Wong ◽  
N. R. Morgenstern ◽  
D. C. Sego
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Broken Ice ◽  
High Plastic ◽  
Triaxial Compression Tests

To study the mechanical behaviour of ice rubble, triaxial compression tests are performed on broken ice samples. Using the phenomenological approach, the stress–strain curves of normally consolidated broken ice are compared and contrasted with those of other geomaterials that display high plastic compressibility. Key words: broken ice, geomaterials, mechanical behaviour, stress–strain curves.

scholarly journals “Tout autre est tout autre”: Direitos humanos e perspectivismo semântico-transcendental

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nythamar De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
De Se

A impossibilidade de se fundamentar os direitos humanos hoje de maneira satisfatória, sem recorrer a modelos essencialistas ou metafísicos, parece correlata à universalidade de sua defesa e promoção. Uma abordagem fenomenológica favorece uma leitura perspectivista da alteridade, tornando altamente defensável e razoável que se aplique uma semântica transcendental ao problema da fundamentação dos direitos humanos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Alteridade. Direitos humanos. Fenomenologia. Perspectivismo. Semântica transcendental. Universalidade. ABSTRACT The impossibility of satisfactorily grounding human rights today, without resort to essentialist or metaphysical models, seem correlated to the universality of their defense and promotion. A phenomenological approach favors a perspectivist reading of alterity, making highly defensible and reasonable that a transcendental semantics be applied to the problem of the foundations of human rights. KEY WORDS – Alterity. Human rights. Perspectivism. Phenomenology. Transcendental semantics. Universality.

scholarly journals Perilaku Tokoh Utama Dalam Novel Layla Majnun Karya Nizami Ganjavi

ATAVISME ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Siti Rofikoh
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku taksadar dan sadar tokoh utama dalam novel Layla Majnun dengan pendekatan fenomenologi Hugenholtz. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan diperoleh simpulan sebagai berikut: (1) bentuk perilaku tidak sadar tokoh utama dalam novel Layla Majnun meliputi perasaan kesendirian, ketiadaan minat dan perasaan bersalah; (2) bentuk perilaku sadar tokoh utama dalam novel Layla Majnun dilakukan dengan melibatkan indera, yakni melihat, mendengar, dan beradaptasi. Abstract: This research aims to describe conscious and unconscious behavior of main characters in the novel Layla Majnun. The study was based on Hugenhotz phenomenological approach. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative. Based on the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded as follows: (1) forms of unconscious behavior of the main characters include the feelings of loneliness, disinterest, and guilt; (2) forms of conscious behavior of the main characters involve the senses of seeing, hearing, and adapting. Key Words: phenomenology; unconscious behavior; conscious behavior

Cold War Ground Zero: Medicine, Psyops and the Bomb

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-331
Author(s):  
MARTIN HALLIWELL
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Human Experimentation ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Nuremberg Code ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
National Defence

This essay takes a history-of-ideas approach to place American medicine and psychiatry within the context of the Cold War. Rather than focus on physical science and technology (as is often the case in studies of science and the Cold War), the essay shifts attention to the human sciences in order to consider the ways in which medical and psychiatric research was caught up in concerns over national defence. Various arguments have proposed that US research involving human subjects between the late 1940s and the mid-1960s contravened the Nuremberg Code, which was established in 1948 to formalize the ethical boundaries of medical research and prevent any repeat of the human experimentation widely practised in Nazi concentration camps. The essay focusses, particularly, on two phases of the Cold War: the medical and genetic testing linked to the dropping of the atom bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the psychological tests (often referred to as “psyops”) beginning in the World War II years but developing rapidly during the Korean War. The aim of the essay is to link a phenomenological approach to the Cold War – in which the figures of the “zero” and “cipher” frequently arose – with a discussion of the interrelationship between US national defence issues and American medical research.

Profiles of the pharmacologic response of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pickar ◽  
A. Breier ◽  
O.M. Wolkowitz ◽  
C. Pato
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Neuroleptic Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

SummaryThe delineation of the symptoms of schizophrenia into positive and negative types has been an important trend in psychiatric research over the past decade. This approach reflects renewed interests in clinical description and in developing etiologic hypotheses. The responsivity of positive and negative symptoms to neuroleptic and other pharmacotherapies, an issue of considerable clinical and research importance, however, remain in controversy.We have observed that double-blind fluphenazine administration to 19 schizophrenic inpatients who had been maintained free from neuroleptic treatment for an extended period of time resulted in significant decreases in both positive as well as negative symptoms. The time course of symptom change differed, however, and the change in symptoms was not correlated, suggesting that the underlying pathophysiologies of positive and negative symptoms are only partially overlapping. The relative balance between positive and negative symptoms in individual patients, a putative schizophrenia trait characteristic, was found to be significantly altered by neuroleptic treatment, raising questions about the reliability of this classification approach.In longitudinal studies in which plasma levels of the dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid (HVA), were measured, change in negative symptoms associated with neuroleptic withdrawal and treatment were correlated, respectively, with changes in levels of plasma HVA. These data further support a relationship between negative symptoms and dopaminergic function. In addition to neuroleptic-induced reductions in negative symptoms, the augmentation of neuroleptic antipsychotic effects by the triazolobenzodiazepine, alprazolam, includes improvement in negative and positive symptoms in responsive patients.These data including longitudinal studies of individual patients suggest that negative as well as positive symptoms respond to pharmacologic intervention. The clinical and research implications of these findings are discussed.

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