scholarly journals Lawsonia intracellularis seroprevalence among the pig farm livestock of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
A. N. Ermolenko ◽  
E. E. Aуshpur ◽  
I. U. Mushtuk ◽  
V. V. Gumeniuk ◽  
V. V. Ukhovskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Test System ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Pig Farms

To study the seroprevalence of Lawsonia intracellularis among the pig livestock of Ukraine. The research was conducted in the laboratories of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of NAAS and in pig farms. Were studied 653 samples of pigs’ serum of different age groups from17 pig farms with breeding stock of 40 456 sows. To study seroprevalence was used a test system for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on monoclonal antibodies bioScreen Ileitis Antibody Test ELISA Svanovir®Lawsonia intracellularis (Boehringer Ingelheim Svanova). Serological tests have provided evidence that the pathogen was circulating in the herd. According to the research results, 46.4% of seropositive animals were found. Seropositive pigs were found in all studied farms, namely – among sows – 74.0%, replacement gilts – 79.6%, growing pigs – 2.5% and fattening pigs – 59.8%. The high level of seroprevalence among replacement gilts and sows of the 1st farrowing indicates the circulation of the pathogen in the herd, as well as the manifestation of morbidity in the fattening group, where was the highest rate of positive serum samples. From the 17 examined farms, only one farm was found where no seropositive animals were detected. According to our observations, proliferative enteropathy in pigs of Ukrainian pig farms has signs of chronic course, especially it is common in pig farms that import replacement gilts from abroad, where antibiotics are prohibited or restricted in donor farms. The results of serological tests allowed us to reconfirm that the spread of the disease is increasing in Ukrainian pig farms. Compared to 2015, the percentage of seropositive animals increased by almost 10%. The typical serological profile for Lawsonia intracellularis which is characteristic of our studied farms allowed us to conclude for which age groups of pigs and for which technological period of raising swine it is necessary to develop and implement measures for treatment and disease prevention. To control the disease, it is highly recommended to conduct constant monitoring of the farm’s well-being against ileitis (send, in addition to faecal samples for PCR testing, also serum for ELISA testing).

scholarly journals Serological Evaluation of Specific-Antibody Levels in Patients Treated for Chronic Chagas' Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sánchez Negrette ◽  
Fernando J. Sánchez Valdéz ◽  
Carlos D. Lacunza ◽  
María Fernanda García Bustos ◽  
María Celia Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Recombinant Antigens ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Laboratory Procedures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT Serological tests are the main laboratory procedures used for diagnosis during the indeterminate and chronic stages of Chagas' disease. A serological regression to negativity is the main criterion used to define parasitological cure in treated patients. The aim of this work was to monitor the individual specificities of antibody levels for 3 years posttreatment in 18 adult patients. Conventional serological techniques (hemagglutination assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) were modified by using recombinant antigens to detect early markers of treatment effectiveness. For this purpose, serum samples were taken before and during treatment and every 6 months after treatment for at least 3 years. When hemagglutination assays were used, a decrease in antibody levels was observed in only one patient. When ELISA with serum dilutions was used, antibody clearance became much more apparent: in 77.7% (14/18) of the patients, antibody titers became negative with time. This was observed at serum dilutions of 1/320 and occurred between the 6th and the 30th months posttreatment. The immune response and the interval for a serological regression to negativity were different for each patient. For some of the recombinant antigens, only 50% (9/18) of the patients reached the serological regression to negativity. Recombinant antigen 13 might be a good marker of treatment effectiveness, since 66.6% (six of nine) of the patients presented with an early regression to negativity for specific antibodies to this antigen (P = 0.002).

scholarly journals Specificity and Prevalence of Natural Bovine Antimannan Antibodies

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhay Srinivasan ◽  
Yawei Ni ◽  
Ian Tizard
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Carbohydrate Components ◽  
A Minor

ABSTRACT Immune responses to the carbohydrate components of microorganisms, mediated both by antibodies and by lectins, are an important part of host defense. In the present experiments, the specificity and presence of natural bovine antibodies against mannan, a common fungal antigen, were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), usingSaccharomyces cerevisiae mannan as an antigen. The results showed that all serum samples from animals of three age groups (newborn, calf, and adult) tested contained antimannan antibodies, and the titer of these antibodies increased significantly in adults. However, titers among individual adult cattle differed widely. Inhibition assays showed that yeast mannan was the strongest inhibitor.d-Mannose exhibited only a minor inhibitory effect at high concentrations. This suggests that most of these antibodies recognize an oligosaccharide-based epitope(s) different from those recognized by lectins. Cattle possess three serum C-type lectins (collectins) capable of recognizing mannan in a calcium-dependent manner. Addition of EDTA to the reaction did not reduce antibody binding, suggesting that the binding of these antibodies to mannan was not affected by the presence of collectin. The antibodies purified from either calf or adult serum by mannan-Sepharose affinity chromatography consisted of mainly immunoglobulin G (IgG) and a smaller amount of IgM. IgG1 was shown to be the dominant antimannan IgG isotype by isotype-specific ELISA. Together, these results demonstrate the production of natural antimannan antibodies in cattle in an age-dependent manner. These antibodies might be involved in defending the host against mannan-containing pathogens as a specific line of defense in conjunction with the innate response by lectins.

scholarly journals Seroprevalance of Toxoplasmosis in sheep and goat: Iraq/ Sulaimania

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Lazem H. Al-Taie
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Qualitative Determination

Back ground: Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis that causes economic losses in animal herds due to abortion and stillbirth as well as changes in the reproductive and neural system of susceptible animals . Objective: The aims of the present study is to determination the prevalence of T. gondii in farm animals ( sheep& goat)of both genders and different ages in Sulaimani province by using two serological tests (ELISA and LAT). Methods: Blood samples were collected from farm animals ,142 sheep and 46 goats , of different sexes and ages. Tow different serological tests ,ELISA and LAT for qualitative determination of T. gondii antibody titer in sheep and goats serum samples. Results: The prevalence rate in sheep was 73 (51.7 %) and 82 (57 %) , and 21 (54.6 %) and 25 (54.35 %) in goats ,by ELISA and LAT respectively. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was highest in age group 7-9 (66.6%) in sheep in compares’ with other age groups. There was no significant differences between both spp.and tow test. Conclusion: Statistical results show no significant differences between both tests (ELISA &LAT) at (P ≥ 0.05).The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was increased proportionally with the age of animals, while gender has no effect on the prevalent rate .

scholarly journals Quantitative serological evaluation as a valuable tool in the COVID-19 vaccination campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Ferrari ◽  
Alessandra Mangia ◽  
Maria Sestina Spanò ◽  
Lucia Zaffarano ◽  
Marco Viganò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
General Population ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Antibody Persistence ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Objectives After exceptional research efforts, several vaccines were developed against SARS-CoV-2 which sustains the pandemic COVID-19. The Comirnaty vaccine showed high efficacy in clinical trials and was the first to be approved for its distribution to the general population. We evaluated the immune response induced by the first vaccine dose in different sex/age groups and subjects with or without naturally present anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Methods As part of an Italian multicenter project (Covidiagnostix), serum samples from 4,290 health-professionals were serologically tested the day of the first vaccination dose, and 21 days later, using two different instrumentations (Siemens-Healthineers and Roche). Results In total, 97% of samples showed the presence of specific antibodies 21 days after the vaccination dose; the percentage of non-responders increased with age in both genders. Remarkably, naturally seropositive individuals showed antibody persistence up to 11 months and an exceptionally higher vaccination response compared to subjects never infected by SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions This study highlighted the importance of the serological test i) to identify naturally SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals and ii) to evaluate the antibody level elicited by the first vaccination dose. Both tests, highlighted differences in the immune response, when subjects were stratified by sex and age, and between naturally seropositive and seronegative subjects. The data obtained show how serological tests could play a crucial role in the triage of the population subjected to the vaccination campaign for COVID-19. The definition of suitable instrumentation-specific thresholds is needed to correctly follow eventually acquired post-vaccination immunity in the general population.

scholarly journals Serodiagnosis of Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever with Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterase (GlpQ) fromBorrelia recurrentis

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 3561-3571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Porcella ◽  
Sandra J. Raffel ◽  
Merry E. Schrumpf ◽  
Martin E. Schriefer ◽  
David T. Dennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Relapsing Fever ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Convalescent Phase ◽  
Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterase

Human louse-borne relapsing fever occurs in sporadic outbreaks in central and eastern Africa that are characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Isolates of the causative agent,Borrelia recurrentis, were obtained from the blood of four patients during a recent epidemic of the disease in southern Sudan. TheglpQ gene, encoding glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, from these isolates was sequenced and compared with the glpQ sequences obtained from other relapsing-fever spirochetes. Previously we showed that GlpQ of Borrelia hermsii is an immunogenic protein with utility as a serological test antigen for discriminating tick-borne relapsing fever from Lyme disease. In the present work, we cloned and expressed theglpQ gene from B. recurrentis and used recombinant GlpQ in serological tests. Acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples obtained from 42 patients with louse-borne relapsing fever were tested with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that used whole cells ofB. recurrentis and with immunoblotting to whole-cell lysates of the spirochete and Escherichia coli producing recombinant GlpQ. The geometric mean titers of the acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples measured by IFA were 1:83 and 1:575, respectively. The immunoblot analysis identified a high level of reactivity and seroconversion to GlpQ, and the assay was more sensitive than the whole-cell IFA and ELISA using purified, recombinant histidine-tagged GlpQ. Serum antibodies to GlpQ and other antigens persisted for 27 years in one patient. We conclude that assessment of anti-GlpQ antibodies will allow serological confirmation of louse-borne relapsing fever and determination of disease prevalence.

scholarly journals Detection of avian reovirus antibodies in layer birds of small scale commercial farms in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 612-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Atiqul Haque ◽  
Md Mostafizer Rahman ◽  
Mir Rowshan Akter ◽  
Farzana Afroz
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Avian Reovirus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Test Kit

The present study was conducted on layer birds of different age groups to determine specific antibody titer level against avian reovirus (ARV) by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. This study showed that ARV specific antibody positive cases were 84 out of 90 blood serum samples and the highest antibody titer was 26120 and lowest antibody titer was 288. The total 93.33% sera samples were showed positive result. The study showed that 100% sera sample were positive against ARV at 6 weeks of aged group and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 13917, 4895 and 10269 respectively. On the other hand 88.88% sera sample were positive against ARV at 10 weeks of aged group and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 9779, 288 and 5689.89 respectively. The sera sample collected from 14 weeks of aged group showed 88.88% positive and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 11727, 871 and 5250 respectively. The sera sample collected from 18 weeks of aged group showed 88.88% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 24440, 1234 and 12648.89 respectively. The sera sample collected from 22 weeks of aged group were 100% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 26120, 1752 and 11373.89 respectively. The sera sample collected from 26 weeks of aged group showed 100% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 8566, 1630 and 4327.44 respectively. The sera sample collected from 30 weeks of aged group showed 100% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 13431, 1989 and 5890.56 respectively. The sera sample collected from 40 weeks of aged group showed 77.77% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 14618, 433 and 5103.22 respectively. The sera sample collected from 48 weeks of aged group showed 88.88% positive against ARV and the highest, lowest and mean antibody titer were 14553, 957 and 7436.5 respectively. In conclusion it is evident that avian reovirus-specific antibody was successfully detected through commercially available avian reovirus antibody test kit (ELISA kit) and the virus induced a significant antibody titer indicating the affecting virus was absolutely ARV.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 612-621

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Serologic Cross-Reactivity between Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus and Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus Using Commercial Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits

mSphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Magtoto ◽  
Korakrit Poonsuk ◽  
David Baum ◽  
Jianqiang Zhang ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Large Deletion ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis ◽  
Respiratory Coronavirus ◽  
Porcine Respiratory

ABSTRACTThis study compared the performances of three commercial transmissible gastroenteritis virus/porcine respiratory coronavirus (TGEV/PRCV) blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using serum samples (n = 528) collected over a 49-day observation period from pigs inoculated with TGEV strain Purdue (n = 12), TGEV strain Miller (n = 12), PRCV (n= 12), or with virus-free culture medium (n = 12). ELISA results were evaluated both with “suspect” results interpreted as positive and then as negative. All commercial kits showed excellent diagnostic specificity (99 to 100%) when testing samples from pigs inoculated with virus-free culture medium. However, analyses revealed differences between the kits in diagnostic sensitivity (percent TGEV- or PRCV-seropositive pigs), and all kits showed significant (P < 0.05) cross-reactivity between TGEV and PRCV serum antibodies, particularly during early stages of the infections. Serologic cross-reactivity between TGEV and PRCV seemed to be TGEV strain dependent, with a higher percentage of PRCV-false-positive results for pigs inoculated with TGEV Purdue than for TGEV Miller. Moreover, the overall proportion of false positives was higher when suspect results were interpreted as positive, regardless of the ELISA kit evaluated.IMPORTANCECurrent measures to prevent TGEV from entering a naive herd include quarantine and testing for TGEV-seronegative animals. However, TGEV serology is complicated due to the cross-reactivity with PRCV, which circulates subclinically in most swine herds worldwide. Conventional serological tests cannot distinguish between TGEV and PRCV antibodies; however, blocking ELISAs using antigen containing a large deletion in the amino terminus of the PRCV S protein permit differentiation of PRCV and TGEV antibodies. Several commercial TGEV/PRCV blocking ELISAs are available, but performance comparisons have not been reported in recent research. This study demonstrates that the serologic cross-reactivity between TGEV and PRCV affects the accuracy of commercial blocking ELISAs. Individual test results must be interpreted with caution, particularly in the event of suspect results. Therefore, commercial TGEV/PRCV blocking ELISAs should only be applied on a herd basis.

scholarly journals Circulation of porcine circovirus type 2 in pigs of different age groups in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01063
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Neminuschaya ◽  
Natalia K. Eremets ◽  
Tatyana A. Skotnikova ◽  
Igor V. Pavlenko ◽  
Vladimir I. Eremets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Weaning Piglets

The paper deals with the results of assessing the intensity of PCV2 (porcine circovirus type 2) circulation in pigs of different age groups on pig farms in the Russian Federation. Serum samples of 128 pigs of different age groups from two pig farms in the Russian Federation were studied. As a result, specific antibodies to PCV2 were detected that proves virus circulation. Average titer of serum antibodies was 1:2020 for weaning piglets, 40 d.a. (days of age), in prenursery piglets of the age of 20 days - 1:3120; in replacement gilts of the age of 175 days - 1: 5124; in feeding pigs of the age of 180 days - 1:5300. In female pigs, the percentage of seroprevalence was 95 %. With advancing ageing of pigs, the level of antibody titer to PCV2 was increasing that proves the animals were infected after the decrease of colostral antibody level below protective one.

scholarly journals Human herpes virus 8 antibodies in HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Oktafiani ◽  
Ni Luh Ayu Megasari ◽  
Elsa Fitriana ◽  
Nasronudin ◽  
Maria Inge Lusida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Intravenous Drug Users ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8

Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection is etiologically related to Kaposi’s sarcoma. Antibodies directed against HHV-8 can be detected in 80%–95% of HIV-seropositive patients with KS. HHV-8 serological tests have been done in several countries in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, and Thailand however no serological data is available in Indonesia. This study was to examine the presence of HHV-8 antibodies in HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Material and methods: Ninety-one serum samples were collected from HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive serum samples were collected from 10 homosexual men, 25 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and 56 heterosexuals. Serums were then tested for the presence of HHV-8 antibody by using sandwich ELISA (Abbexa Ltd, Cambridge, UK). Results: The total of 91 HIV-infected were testing with antibodies to HHV-8 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies of HHV-8 were detected in 7/91 (7.7%) of the samples. According to a gender, six men (85.7%) and a women (14.3%) were positive of HHV-8 antibodies. No correlation regarding the gender and age from this study. The antibodies of HHV-8 was detected among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) men 5/7 (42.8%) and 2/7 (28.6%) from homosexual and heterosexual, respectively. Conclusion: This study found the presence of HHV-8 antibodies in 7.7% of patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. This finding was higher more than Southeast Asian countries. The patients with a positive result could suggest measures to prevent HHV-8 infection.

scholarly journals Detection of bluetongue virus antibodies in sheep from Paraná, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Ricciardi Sbizera ◽  
Luiz Fernando Coelho da Cunha Filho ◽  
Michele Lunardi ◽  
Simone Fernanda Nedel Pertile ◽  
Thais Helena Constantino Patelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Predominant Factor ◽  
World Organization

Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious and non-contagious disease caused by bluetongue virus (BTV) belonging to the genus Orbivirus. It is transmitted by a hematophagous vector, Culicoides sp., to ruminants, particularly to sheep, which are most susceptible to this disease. The main serological tests are agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), which is recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), which has the advantage of no cross-reaction with other orbiviruses. The aim was to compare the results of these two tests by conducting them on sera collected from sheep in the state of Paraná, Brazil. From March to October 2017, serum samples were collected from 270 sheep from 10 farms in six mesoregions of Paraná. The samples were subjected to AGID and cELISA to detect antibodies against BTV. Based on the test results, we classified the sheep as low, moderate, and high occurrence. The results demonstrated that 64.81% (175/270) of the sheep were seropositive through the cELISA test, showing a high occurrence, and 41.11% (111/270) were seropositive through the AGID test, indicating a moderate occurrence. The concordance between the tests was moderate (0.51) as determined by the Kappa coefficient. Among the studied farms, 90% (9/10) presented at least one seropositive sheep, and the number of animals tested positive by the cELISA test was higher than those by the AGID test. Favorable climate, which favors the presence and multiplication of the culicoid vector and the occurrence of infection, was the biggest predominant factor responsible for the obtained results. The low occurrence in farms with milder climate suggest that the presence of antibodies also occurs due to the low pathogenicity of circulating serotypes in the different mesoregions studied. It is concluded that BTV infection is present in the sheep herds in Paraná, and the occurrence was moderate detected by AGID test and high detected by cELISA test.

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