scholarly journals PUBLIC AWARENESS OF EUROPEAN AND EURO-ATLANTIC INTEGRATION TO ATTRACT INVESTMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BLACK SEA REGION OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
International Experience ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Exchange Programs ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Small And Medium Business

At the present stage of development in the economy of Ukraine there is the problem of attracting investment. Various countries of the European Union and other countries are ready to invest in the Ukrainian economy. Investments develop the economy of Ukraine, namely, support small and medium-sized businesses, introduce the latest technologies, improve public authorities and more. It is necessary to intensify foreign investment in the Black Sea (southern) Region. Based on statistics, the most stable increase in exports of goods is observed in the economy of Mykolaiv region, which indicates the development of projects and programs of European and Euro-Atlantic integration, but in Donetsk, Odessa and Kherson regions unstable increase in exports of goods, so it is necessary to increase projects and programs European and Euro-Atlantic integration to attract investment, as well as increase the implementation of international experience exchange programs for small and medium-sized businesses. Based on statistical data, the unstable increase in imports of goods was revealed, which does not show the significant negative impact on the economy of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, but it is necessary to increase investment efficiency and implement investment projects. As the result of the analysis the growth of foreign direct investment in the economy of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine is investigated, which shows insufficiently effective development of the economy of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, therefore it is necessary to increase the attraction of foreign investments in the economy, to support small and medium business in the economy and to introduce international experience exchange programs for small and medium business in the economy of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, etc. It is considered that to increase the implementation of projects and programs of European and Euro-Atlantic integration to attract investment in the Black Sea Region of Ukraine it is necessary to perform the following actions: implement anti-corruption programs, realization training for civil servants of Ukraine, introduce international experience exchange programs, etc.

scholarly journals TAX INSTRUMENTS OF INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT STIMULATION: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND NATIONAL REALITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1(66)) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
B.V BURKINSKYI ◽  
O.I. LAIKO ◽  
V.P TALPA
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Tax Regulation

Topicality. The urgency of the problem of tax instruments using in the role of means for stimulation of investment activity and of means for creating of a favorable investment climate nowadays grows due to the need for additional resources that are to be involved in the socio-economic development of Ukraine, as well as through the progress of administrative reform, which creates new opportunities for the use of taxes as tools for the stimulating of investment development. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the expediency of studying tax instruments as means for the stimulating of investment development, identifying of active and effective mechanisms for the attracting of investment funds for the development of the Ukrainian economy, taking into account international experience. Research results. The article thematically dedicated to the use of tax instruments for maintain of competitive investment policies at the regional, sub-regional, national levels, improving the investment climate in the region. The instruments are integrated into the mechanism with help of general conceptual idea - the ensuring of favorable conditions for the conducting of economic activity through the use of preferential indirect instruments that do not create differentiation between territories and entities, however, contribute to the renewal of capital of the entities. The European model of tax incentives for activation of foreign investments in Ukraine and the Black Sea region is considered and the main factors that have caused insufficient functional significance of tax instruments to stimulate investment development and to provide capital intensification are determined. There are also considered the American model of tax regulation of foreign investment, as well as the Asian model of tax regulation of foreign investment. The mechanism of combination of regulatory instruments in a single set, include measures of tax preferential support, organizational, guarantee-oriented support of investment projects realization on the territory of the Ukrainian Black Sea region, ways to increase the level of local budgets' self-incomes, to introduce the possibility of the determining and applying rates of taxes by local authorities self-governance within the limits set by the Tax Code of Ukraine. Conclusions. Strategic directions for the stimulating of business activity at the national and regional levels are substantial, but for this purpose, appropriate institutional support is required, namely, the relevant changes to the articles of the Tax Code of Ukraine. The prospects for future research in the field of regulation of investment activities are related with the formation of an institutional environment for the implementation of the regulatory function of taxes, the justification of the investment-efficient structure of the tax system.

scholarly journals Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr. in the Black Sea Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Sanem Bulam ◽  
Nebahat Şule Üstün ◽  
Aysun Pekşen
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Polyporus Squamosus

Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr., also named as Aladana, Peri Semeri, Pullu Mantar in varying by localities of Turkey, is an edible wild mushroom species widely existed in the mycobiota of the Black Sea Region. It has not been sold in the local markets. The public recognition of this mushroom may change locally in the Black Sea Region. It is widely consumed by the people in some parts of the region. It is usually appeared in the nature during May-September on the logs, dead and living trunks of the deciduous trees. Following the rainy period, it grows so fast and can produce a few kilograms fruit body within a short period. It is delicious and precious as much as meat for the nutritional value, especially during early growth stage. In this review, general knowledge on the morphological and ecological characteristics, nutritional value and medicinal properties of P. squamosus mushroom and some study results on the domestication of this mushroom have been presented in order to improve the public awareness and its consumption.

scholarly journals Recent Research in Black Sea Region on Motivation in Education (Review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natela DOGHONADZE ◽  
Iryna FEDORCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Efficient Learning ◽  
Motivation In Education ◽  
Education Review

Motivation in education - that of administrators, teachers and especially students - has always been one of essential preconditions of efficient learning and teaching. By itself it does not guarantee achievement, especially measures by testing and grades, but it created a good background for efficient learning. And vice versa, lack of motivation usually has a negative impact of achievement. Various aspects of motivation have been researched, and the topic seems eternal and inexhaustible.  This review presents some research that has been recently held in the Black Sea region countries concerning motivation in education.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF THE BLACK SEA REGION ON THE DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF FISCAL POLICY

2017 ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Inna Irtyshcheva ◽  
Dmytro Krylenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Budget

The influence of the level of development of the Black Sea region (on the example of Mykolaiv, Odessa and Kherson regions) on the directions of implementation of the fiscal policy of the state is investigated. The results of the analysis prove that the most favourable conditions for economic activity in the Black Sea region have been created. High-quality service of payers and good business attitude to paying taxes are provided. The key to economic stability and economic security is the high level of responsibility of business in the region. Improvement of conditions for doing business has led to the increase in the revenue side of the region and to the increase in revenues to the local budget. It has provided an opportunity for local governments to allocate additional funds to finance the social and cultural sphere of the population and residents of the region. It is proved that the indicator of budget revenues of communities is not an instant indicator of recovery of economic growth. Local budget revenues are influenced by the following factors: inflation, rising nominal wages, direct state support (transfers), fiscal decentralization. Extending the rights of regional local authorities and transferring them with a number of powers will stimulate the development of industry and small businesses. Only in this case it will be possible to observe an increase in the share of own and fixed sources of income in local budgets and a decrease in the share of transfers. It is determined that strategic regional economic growth in the process of implementation of fiscal policy should reach its main goal - it is the increase in the revenues and powers of the regions, and hence the improvement of the social and economic situation. At the current stage of development of the fiscal system it is necessary to decentralize not only expenditures, but also incomes; to reduce regional disparities and ensure the economic development of the regions; to establish a transparent process of fiscal equalization to eliminate regional imbalances; to provide the transparent and controlled funding system.

scholarly journals UNEMPLOYMENT AS A SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEM OF THE BLACK SEA REGION OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alona Revko ◽  
Kateryna Gavrylenko
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Unemployed

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of unemployment as a socio-economic problem in the regions of Ukraine in the context of the spread of coronavirus. It is established that a person who lost his job suffers not only material loss, but also socio-psychological. Person loses social status, the psychological tension increases, and the circle of communication narrows. The author’s interpretation of the definition of unemployment as a socio-economic problem, which is characterized by forced unemployment of the economically active population, which arises as a result of imbalance in the labor market, caused primarily by economic crisis and ineffective socio-economic policy is proposed. The factors that cause the problem of unemployment in the Black Sea region of Ukraine are substantiated. Exogenous and endogenous factors of unemployment of the population of Ukraine are considered. The territorial structure of the unemployed population in the regions of Ukraine is studied. The age structure of the unemployed population of the Black Sea region of Ukraine is analyzed. Unemployment has been proven to be a negative phenomenon, as it does not create equal opportunities for the development of human potential of the population of the Black Sea region and its market capitalization. It is established that unemployment has a negative impact on all spheres of life in the country. Among the social consequences of unemployment are the strengthening of social tensions and deepening social inequality, the aggravation of the criminal situation in society, the marginalization of the population. Four phases of development of a specific crisis state, through which an unemployed person goes, are studied. Strategic principles for overcoming unemployment in the regions of Ukraine are proposed, which includes a number of tasks that contribute to the development of human potential. In particular, there are: increasing public access to information; development of dual education; increasing the attractiveness of vocational education among young people; formation of conditions for lifelong learning.

scholarly journals ESSENCE AND SIGNS OF INVESTMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BLACK SEA REGION OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Kulakov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Definition Of

At this stage of development of Ukraine’s economy it is necessary to analyze the nature and characteristics of investment in the national economy. To increase the investment attractiveness of Ukraine requires systematization of investment characteristics. Due to the lack of investment, the classification of types of investments will help the economic development of Ukraine. There are also quite different definitions of investment, which is of great importance for the investment development of Ukraine. It is necessary to analyze and generalize scientific approaches to create a definition of “investment”. Intensification of foreign investment helps the development of industry, agro-industrial complex, education, science, social protection and more. It is extremely important to intensify foreign investment in the Black Sea (southern) Region, namely in Odessa, Mykolaiv, Kherson and Donetsk regions. After all, all these areas participate in the Black Sea Basin program. Therefore, the problems of the essence and features of investments of the national economy become relevant, the analysis of these problems will increase the investment attractiveness of Ukraine and its regions. The article analyzes the scientific approaches to defining the category of ‘investment” by different authors, as well as related concepts that are directly related to this category. The signs of investments are systematized. Based on the analysis and generalization of scientific approaches, the definition of the category “investment” is proposed. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the growth of foreign direct investment in the economy of the Black Sea Region of Ukraine was revealed. Taking into account the statistical data, it is investigated that there is almost no increase in the volume of foreign investment per unit of national currency (hryvnia) of the gross regional product (GRP) in the Black Sea Region of Ukraine. It is considered that the growth of foreign investment per capita is low in the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, which requires attracting new foreign investment in the Black Sea Region of Ukraine, support small and medium enterprises in the Black Sea Region of Ukraine.

Obsidian Exchange Networks in Prehistoric Anatolia: New Data from the Black Sea Region

Paléorient ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Bleda S. Düring ◽  
Bernard Gratuze
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
Black Sea Region

The referendum as an institution in the Black Sea Region: Does it signal the rise or collapse of democracy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-185
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Important State ◽  
Constitutional Changes

Views on the institution of direct democracy have changed during the period of democratic transition. The various advantages and positive effects of direct democracy have been confirmed by the practice of some democratic countries. Its educational and political activation value for society was also noted, without which civil society cannot form. The referendum is especially treated as the purest form of correlation between the views of society and the decisions of its representatives. In a situation where two representative bodies are present – the parliament and the president – a referendum is considered a means of resolving disputes between them in important state affairs. The referendum is nowadays becoming more than just a binding or consultative opinion on a legislative act, especially a constitution. First and foremost, it is important to see the extension of the type and scope of issues that are subject to direct voting. Apart from the traditional, i.e., constitutional changes, polarising issues that raise considerable emotion have become the subject of referenda. Problems of this type include, in particular, moral issues, membership in international organisations, and so-called ‘New Policy’. This article presents the role and importance of the referendum as an institution shaping the democratic systems of the Black Sea Region.

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