scholarly journals Islamic Micro-Finance Programme and its Impact on Rural Poverty Alleviation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Miazur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Survey Result ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Development Scheme ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Investment Programme

Bangladesh launched a shari’ah based micro-finance programme in 1995 under the Rural Development Scheme to uplift the overall socioeconomic standards of rural poor. It covered 0.52 million group members, 94% of whom are females. This paper presents findings on this experiment using 1,020 responses in a sample survey. Result showed that a significant of clients have improved their religious observations such as prayers and fasting. Results of the econometric models showed that household income, productivity of crops and livestock, expenditure and employment increased significantly due to the influence of changed behaviour and availability of micro-finance. Clients stated that the micro-investment had provided better organisation of their economic activities. Finally, the Islamic micro-investment programme appears to spur more ethical and economically desirable behaviour leading to poverty alleviation.  

scholarly journals Ecotourism, Income Generation and Poverty Reduction: A Case of Kuala Tahan National Park (KTNP), Pahang, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Mukrimah A. ◽  
Mohd Parid M. ◽  
Motoe M. ◽  
Lim HF
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Household Income ◽  
National Park ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Monthly Household Income ◽  
Income Sources

Ecotourism is one strategy for supporting conservation, generating income, and creating employment for communities living around protected areas. In Malaysia, the management of national parks (protected areas) focuses on the planning and implementation of various activities which contribute to the long-term conservation of the areas while mitigating or reducing conflicts between human and the environment. The issue is whether ecotourism development helps to improve income and reduce rural poverty. A case study was conducted in 2014 where 158 Malay households from Kampung Kuala Tahan were interviewed. Villagers engaged in economic activities related to ecotourism development in Kuala Tahan National Park (KTNP) area (2,477 sq. km) directly and indirectly. The result shows the average monthly household income of this village was RM4, 035. On the whole, about 90% of the average monthly household income was cash income while 10% income in kind. The income sources of villagers were from those within the state land forest areas (related to NTFP harvesting), and outside KTNP (related to forestry and ecotourism). Income generated outside KTNP(related to forestry and ecotourism) area was significantly high compared to those within state land forest and outside KTNP (non-forestry). On average, about RM1, 895 or 47% of the average monthly household income was generated from the ecotourism related activities and forest area. The highest percentage of cash income was from villagers’ engagement as tour guides. Income generated from this source accounted for 13% of household income. Ecotourism related retail stores or restaurant operators also significantly contributed to the average monthly household income at 10%. The incidence of poverty among the households in the village was 4% in 2014 compared to 3.4% among rural Malaysian households in 2012. The findings in this study showed that the income received from forestry related activities and ecotourism is important in reducing poverty among local households.

scholarly journals THE ROOTS AND THE STRATEGY FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN THE CITY OF AMBON, MOLLUCAS AND IN THE DISTRICT OF BOALEMO, GORONTALO

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Chiljon Papilaya ◽  
Basita Ginting Sugihen
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Governance Capacity ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Building Community ◽  
The City

Many poverty alleviation programs had been implemented in the past, but only a few made it. In relation to this, the objectives of this study were: (1) to identify the roots of family poverty, (2) to identify factors related to the family poverty, and (3) to formulate a strategy for poverty alleviation. To reach these objectives, 420 poor households were randomly selected from the city of Ambon and the district of Boalemo, Gorontalo Province. They were interviewed from November 2003 through January 2005. The obtained data were analyzed by using the descriptive statistics and the multiple regression procedures. The findings pointed out that: (1) both the urban and the rural poor households lacked in productive and normative behavior, (2) factors related significantly to the welfare of urban poor families were social and political capitals; whereas to the rural poor families were natural, physical, financial, and behavioral capitals as well, and (3) the grand strategy for both urban and rural poverty alleviation should include good governance, capacity building, social capital revitalization, public policy advocacy, social assurance, infrastructure building, community-based economic development, and asset redistribution.

Factors Contribute to Project Governance Practices: Case Studies in Malaysian Rural Poverty Housing Projects

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522110598
Author(s):  
Abdul Muhaimin Abdul Latiff ◽  
Aini Jaapar ◽  
Che Maznah Mat Isa
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Project Governance ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies

Poverty alleviation projects are implemented as part of the national development and prosperity agenda. This study aimed to gain an understanding of the factors that contribute to the project governance practices in poverty alleviation efforts for the rural poor in Malaysia, which will lead to better project delivery and the successful outcome of the projects. Multiple case studies were conducted on two public initiative housing assistance projects in rural areas of peninsular Malaysia. It explored how dealing with the rural poor influences public officials in conducting projects through stewardship-governance notion. A qualitative approach through multiple case studies was utilised in this study where multiple sources of evidence were used such as semi-structured interviews with 12 public officials, document analysis and observation. The study discovered five factors that contribute to project governance practices, namely altruistic empathy, intrinsic motivation, effective leadership, learning environment and shared vision where these factors interplay with each other towards the achievement of project outcome. Hence, this article contributes to the dynamic understanding of how public officials embraced motivational factors in conducting their works related to the rural poverty alleviation projects. Appropriate utilisation of project governance practices drives for better project delivery to the target groups.

A Donor Influenced by Local Dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuko Matsuzawa
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Local Dynamics ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
National Model ◽  
Management Project ◽  
Development Discourses

This article explores the relations between a foreign aid donor and local actors in the context of the dissemination of development discourses and practices in an authoritarian context. It addresses the question “To what extent may the local dynamics alter the original goals of a donor and lead to unintended consequences?” Based on archival research, interviews, and secondary literature, this case study examines the Yunnan Uplands Management Project (YUM) in 1990–95, the Ford Foundation's first grant program on rural poverty alleviation in China. While the Foundation did not attain its main goal of making YUM a national model for poverty alleviation, the local actors were able to use YUM to develop individual capacities and to build roles for themselves as development actors in the form of associations and nongovernmental organizations, resulting in further support from the Foundation. The study contributes to our understanding of donor-local actor dynamics by highlighting the gaps between the original goals of a donor and the perspectives and motivations of local actors. The study suggests that local dynamics may influence the goals of donors and the ways they seek to disseminate development discourses and practices to local actors, despite the common conception of donors as hegemonic or culturally imperialistic.

The Effect of Rural Poverty on Access to Land in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522097106
Author(s):  
Kassie Dessie Nigussie ◽  
Assefa Admassie ◽  
M. K. Jayamohan
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Rental Market ◽  
Tobit Models ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Poverty Status

Land ownership and its persistent gap between rich and poor is one of the pressing development challenges in Africa. Access to land has fundamental implications for a poor and agrarian African economy like Ethiopia, where most people depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Empirical literatures suggest that access to land is a cause and effect of poverty—at the same time, the role of poverty status of the household in gaining or limiting access to land has received only a passing attention from researchers. This study investigates the effect of ‘being poor’ on access to land using ordered probit and censored tobit models. Three wave panel data of Ethiopian Rural Socioeconomic Survey (ERSS) collected between 2011–12 and 2015–16 are used for the analysis. The study result confirms that poverty does have significant effect on household’s participation and intensity of participation on both sides of the rental market. It is found that being poor, as compared to non-poor counterpart, leads to an increase in the likelihood of rent-in land by 0.068 hectare and reduce the likelihood of rent-out land by 0.046 hectare at 1% and 5% significance levels, respectively. The tenants are not characterised as economically disadvantaged reflecting the existence of reverse tenancy among rural poor in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Ecological Forest Rangers Policy in Southwest China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 746
Author(s):  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Dengju Wang ◽  
Rong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Linkage Mechanism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Forest Protection

To achieve the dual goal of poverty alleviation and ecological restoration, the policy of ecological forest rangers (EFRs) was implemented in rural poverty-stricken areas in China, where local residents commonly depend on nearby forest resources for livelihoods. This study aimed to analyze the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the EFRs policy in China mainly in poverty alleviation and income growth, with a brief discussion on the ecological effect of the policy. A questionnaire survey was conducted in four counties in the Karst rocky desertification region in southwest China. By combing through the early literature on REDD+, community forestry, leasehold forestry, etc., this paper summarizes the experience and lessons of similar community forest management models, aiming to explain the unsustainability of EFRs policy from the perspective of forest tenure and governance. The findings of the effectiveness analysis of EFRs policy in the four poverty-stricken counties reflect different degrees of effect in rural households with different income levels. We believe that the EFRs policy has played important roles in short-term regional poverty alleviation while its potential for long-term income growth has not been stimulated. For the amendment of EFRs policy, we put forward the following points: (1) It is necessary to redesign the selection and recruitment mechanism, as well as the exit mechanism of EFRs adapting to the local conditions. (2) It is advisable to further improve the local assessment and monitoring system of forest protection quality of EFRs and optimize the establishment of benefit linkage mechanism between protection effectiveness and EFRs remuneration. (3) The EFRs remuneration standards should be dynamically raised to assure the active participation of EFRs in forest protection. Furthermore, there is a need for one more effective integration model of forest protection and rural livelihoods improvement, which is considered as a potential future research direction.

The Role of Female’s Participation in Economic Activity to Household Income The Case of Mizan Aman Town, South Nation Nationality And People’s Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Omer Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract The main aim of the study was to examine the role of females' economic participation in household income. To achieve this objective both primary and secondary sources of data were collected from 400 sample size using simple random sampling method. The obtained data were first analyzed using a descriptive method to describe socio-economic characteristics of women in the study area. Secondly, to identify determinants of women’s participation in economic activities and household decision-making process logit model was employed and finally, multiple linear regression method was applied to identify factors affecting the level of women's contribution to household income. The result shows that female participation in economic activities positively determines by women's training and woman’s education level and is negatively affected by the presence of children under five years of age. The contribution of women to household income on average was estimated birr 32,400.50 per annum which was nearly 36.8percent of the overall household income. The possible recommendation is government and other respective bodies must encourage women to learn more and more.

Commercializing-based Rural Poverty Alleviation Model (CBRPA Model) and Internal Cycle Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Chih-Hung Yeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Economic Strategy ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
Integrated Processing ◽  
Opening Up

This paper explores and brings forth a persistent resilient self-motivated or self-growth-driven rural poverty alleviation model based on the commercializing-based rural poverty alleviation (CBRPA) model. The CBRPA model encompasses systems or mechanisms of integrated contract farming, regional integrated processing, and agricultural association. Although China has made brilliant achievements in rural poverty alleviation since opening-up in 1978, it still lacks a self-growth-driven rural poverty alleviation system or mechanism. Thus, this paper discusses the rural poverty alleviation achievements and policies of China. It explores various solutions, formulates proper structure, and proposes a CBRPA model. Implementation of the CBRPA model requires the establishment of the agricultural association, integrated contract farming companies (ICFCs), and regional integrated processing companies (RIPCs). The paper also discussed the importance and contribution of rural poverty alleviation to economic growth as well as China’s major economic strategy of double cycle growth. As the CBRPA Model generates a self-growth-driven rural poverty alleviation pattern that is implemented all over the country, it makes an important strategy for internal cycle growth to mutually facilitate external cycle growth.

scholarly journals MEMAKNAI KEMISKINAN BERDASARKAN PANDANGAN ORANG MISKIN PEDESAAN

Edulib ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Silvana ◽  
Pawit M Yusup ◽  
Priyo Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Education Psychology

AbstractRural poverty can be understood as a social condition of a person, or a group of people who were associated with aspects of economic and non-economic aspects. Scientific aspects such as social, cultural, health, education, psychology, the environment, law, anthropology, and art, was often associated with poverty. Nevertheless, the notion of poor and rural poverty is, in general, is still viewed by researcher's perspective, rather than emic, ie see something from the perspective of the participant. This study took part of the effort to comprehensively understand the meaning of poor and poverty in the eyes of the poor, especially in rural areas, roomates point is on how to map view of rural poor people in hopes of interpreting experience of livelihood as poor in underlying survival living. By using a qualitative study approach, especially the tradition of phenomenology of Schutz, obtained a description of the results, that the meaning of poor and poverty, in phenomenology, containing context, such as: context ownership; contexts effort and trial and error; contexts powerlessness; contexts outside assistance; independence in the context of compulsion; contexts unattainable expectations; context of the struggle; context of limited access to information; contexts low curiosity; contexts simplicity needs; problems humiliation context; and context sensitivity in social communication.Keywords: Meaning poor, Poverty, Rural AbstrakKemiskinan di pedesaan dapat dipahami sebagai suatu kondisi sosial seseorang, atau sekelompok orang yang terkait dengan aspek-aspek ekonomi dan non-ekonomi. Aspek ilmiah seperti sosial, budaya, kesehatan, pendidikan, psikologi, lingkungan, hukum, antropologi, dan seni, yang sering dikaitkan dengan kemiskinan. Namun demikian, gagasan tentang kemiskinan dan pedesaan, secara umum, masih dilihat dari perspektif peneliti, bukan emik, yaitu melihat sesuatu dari perspektif partisipan. Penelitian ini mengambil bagian dari upaya untuk secara komprehensif memahami makna miskin dan kemiskinan di mata masyarakat miskin, terutama di daerah pedesaan, which titik adalah bagaimana memetakan pandangan masyarakat miskin pedesaan dengan harapan pengalaman yang menafsirkan mata pencaharian sebagai masyarakat miskin untuk bertahan hidup. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kualitatif, khususnya tradisi fenomenologi Schutz, diperoleh gambaran hasil, bahwa makna miskin dan kemiskinan, dalam fenomenologi, mengandung konteks, seperti: kepemilikan konteks; Upaya konteks dan trial and error; Ketidakberdayaan konteks; konteks di luar bantuan; kemerdekaan dalam konteks paksaan; konteks harapan tercapai; konteks perjuangan; konteks terbatasnya akses terhadap informasi; konteks rasa ingin tahu yang rendah; kesederhanaan konteks kebutuhan; konteks masalah penghinaan; dan sensitivitas konteks komunikasi sosial.Kata Kunci : Makna kemiskinan, Kemiskinan, Desa

scholarly journals INTEREST FREE MICROFINANCE: A GATEWAY OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION FOR KERALA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4SE) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Fazal Muhammed
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Poor

Microfinance is a powerful poverty alleviation tool. It implies provision of financial services to poor and low-income people whose low economic standing excludes them from formal financial systems. Access to services such as, credit, venture capital, savings, insurance, remittance is provided on a micro-scale enabling participation of those with severely limited financial means. The provision of financial services to the poor helps to increase household income and economic security, build assets and reduce vulnerability; creates demand for other goods and services; and stimulates local economies. A large number of studies on poverty however, indicate that exclusion of the poor from the financial system is a major factor contributing to their inability to participate in the development process. In a typical developing economy the formal financial system serves no more than twenty to thirty percent of the population. The vast majority of those who are excluded are poor.

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