scholarly journals Approaches to the Establishment and Justification of the Size of Emergency Planning Areas around NPPs

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
V. Bogorad ◽  
O. Slepchenko ◽  
I. Kalyta ◽  
T. Lytvynska ◽  
S. Chupryna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Planning ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Severe Accidents ◽  
Radionuclide Composition ◽  
Monitoring Zone ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Definition Of

Emergency planning zones around facilities that use radiation and nuclear technologies are set up in order to prevent or minimize deterministic effects and reduce risks of stochastic effects of radiation exposure in case of nuclear or radiological emergency. In international practice, in order to enhance effectiveness of response to emergencies, it is common to set up emergency planning zones for nuclear facilities in accordance with their level of threat for the environment and public. As the establishment of such zones requires certain material resources, the size of the zones is to be justified. As of today, sanitary-protective zone and monitoring zone in Ukraine could be considered, to a certain extent, as analogues of such emergency planning zones.  However, the main functional load of these zones are relevant more for routine operation of nuclear facilities than for the issues of emergency planning and do not have such a specific for the emergency planning zones functions as ensuring necessary infrastructure for conducting such urgent protective actions as evacuation, sheltering, notification, relocation and others in case of severe accidents at NPPs. Absence of transparent numerical criteria for determining the size of emergency planning areas, on one hand, and necessity to determine such areas as required by the key IAEA publication GSR Part 7, as well as due to understanding the importance of emergency planning areas in the state emergency response system, on the other hand, make the task on establishing approaches to the definition of the scope of emergency release, which is a framework for emergency zoning, crucial. The paper proposes to discuss two approaches to defining the scope of the boundary release, according to which the size of the emergency planning areas is to be defined. The paper presents results of assessing the size of the emergency planning areas around NPPs based on the scope and radionuclide composition of the boundary release.

The specifics of mergers and acquisitions of innovative and technological companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1186-1204
Author(s):  
A.V. Fedorov ◽  
Zh.S. Peredera
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Subject. The article reviews distinctions of M&A deals in innovation and technology. Objectives. We determine the specifics of innovative and technological companies and its impact on the synergy, process, finance, valuation of M&A deals. Methods. The article employs methods of generalization, comprehensive analysis, systematization, specification, comparison, study into trends and the structure. Graphics and tables are used to display the findings. Results. We conducted the content analysis of the term Mergers & Acquisitions, thus finding the divergence of foreign and the Russian approaches. We provide our own definition of the concept and analyzed the dynamics of the overall M&A market and the innovation and technological sector. The article describes operational distinctions of innovative and technological companies and compares them with conventional sectors. The article determined the specifics of synergy, process, finance, valuation of M&A deals in innovation and technology. Conclusions and Relevance. The innovation and technology sector saw M&A deals become more frequent for the recent five years. What distinguishes them is the number of startups and infant businesses, large M&A deals in order to develop their ecosystems, involve digital technology companies. Traditional approaches should be adapted for structuring M&A deals, their arrangement, financing and valuation of target companies. The findings can lay the groundwork for further studies into the specifics of the innovation and technology sector, M&A deals, and set up the methodological framework for the valuation of innovative and technological companies. The findings can also immediately support parties of M&A deals from theoretical perspectives.

Developing capital accounting practices in the integrated reporting system of agricultural organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 906-921
Author(s):  
R.A. Alborov ◽  
S.M. Kontsevaya ◽  
S.V. Kozmenkova
Keyword(s):  
Original Method ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Agricultural Organization

Subject. This article deals with the theory-and practice-relevant issues of classification and content definition of different types of capital used as sources of operations financing, and recommendations for developing their accounting in agricultural organizations. Objectives. The article aims to substantiate the organizational and methodological aspects of capital accounting development to generate information on value reserve and creation of value as new in the organization's integrated reporting. The article also aims to define the classification and content of capital types as sources of financing for the organization's activities and develop recommendations for developing the accounting of the availability, increase, reduction or transformation of the relevant types of capital in the organization's business activities. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy, and comparison. The scientific works of domestic specialists and regulations, including the International Standard on Integrated Reporting (IR) are the methodological basis of this work. Results. The article defines conceptual provisions and offers practical recommendations on the set-up and development of capital flow accounting in the corporate governance system of the agricultural organization. It clarifies the classification and economic content of capital as a source of funding for the organization's reproduction activities. The article also offers an original method of accounting for the value reserve (balances) and capital changes. Conclusions and Relevance. The practical application of the developed recommendations for value accounting and capital changes will help generate all the necessary information in the integrated reporting of the agricultural organization to assess its reserves of value, create value as new, economic, environmental, and social efficiency of the organization's activities. The results of the study can be used to develop the theory, methodology and techniques of accounting of capital types as sources of financing of value creation as a result of the agricultural organization's business activities.

scholarly journals The Sankara Nethralaya Tamil Nadu Essilor Myopia (STEM) Study—Defining a Threshold for Non-Cycloplegic Myopia Prevalence in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215
Author(s):  
Aparna Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Jameel Rizwana Hussaindeen ◽  
Viswanathan Sivaraman ◽  
Meenakshi Swaminathan ◽  
Yee Ling Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
School Vision ◽  
Elite School ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of

The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement between cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic autorefraction with an open-field auto refractor in a school vision screening set up, and to define a threshold for myopia that agrees with the standard cycloplegic refraction threshold. The study was conducted as part of the Sankara Nethralaya Tamil Nadu Essilor Myopia (STEM) study, which investigated the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for myopia among children in South India. Children from two schools aged 5 to 15 years, with no ocular abnormalities and whose parents gave informed consent for cycloplegic refraction were included in the study. All the children underwent visual acuity assessment (Pocket Vision Screener, Elite school of Optometry, India), followed by non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic (1% tropicamide) open-field autorefraction (Grand Seiko, WAM-5500). A total of 387 children were included in the study, of whom 201 were boys. The mean (SD) age of the children was 12.2 (±2.1) years. Overall, the mean difference between cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) open-field autorefraction measures was 0.34 D (limits of agreement (LOA), 1.06 D to −0.38 D). For myopes, the mean difference between cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic SE was 0.13 D (LOA, 0.63D to −0.36D). The prevalence of myopia was 12% (95% CI, 8% to 15%) using the threshold of cycloplegic SE ≤ −0.50 D, and was 14% (95% CI, 11% to 17%) with SE ≤ −0.50 D using non-cycloplegic refraction. When myopia was defined as SE of ≤−0.75 D under non-cycloplegic conditions, there was no difference between cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic open-field autorefraction prevalence estimates (12%; 95% CI, 8% to 15%; p = 1.00). Overall, non-cycloplegic refraction underestimates hyperopia and overestimates myopia; but for subjects with myopia, this difference is minimal and not clinically significant. A threshold of SE ≤ −0.75 D agrees well for the estimation of myopia prevalence among children when using non-cycloplegic refraction and is comparable with the standard definition of cycloplegic myopic refraction of SE ≤ −0.50 D.

Chinese Public and Nuclear Experts May Have Different Perceptions Of Severe Nuclear Accidents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsingtzu Wu ◽  
Leyao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
The Public ◽  
Severe Accidents ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Chinese Public ◽  
Severe Nuclear Accident

Abstract Nuclear power has been a controversial social issue, and societal acceptance is critical to its development and future. In addition, risk informed rules and regulations rely on the public’s understanding. However, there seems a communication gap about nuclear safety between nuclear experts and the public in China, and three questionnaire surveys were conducted to better understand Chinese public’s perceptions of a severe nuclear accident. The sample sizes were 117, 280 and 1071. Most of the respondents were students or white-collar workers born after 1990. In these three surveys, we found that more than 85% of respondents consider a less severe accident as a severe nuclear accident, and most respondents considered an incident to constitute a severe nuclear accident. The results demonstrate that nuclear experts and Chinese public may have different definitions of a severe nuclear accident. Therefore, we suggest that the definition of severe accidents should be better explained to the public to benefit the communication about risk informed rules and regulations. In addition, our three different surveys yielded a similar result, and we anticipate that a questionnaire survey with a larger sample size would do the same.

scholarly journals The Effect of Transversal Connection in the in-Plane Response of Double-Leaf Brick Masonry Walls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Scandolo ◽  
Stefano Podestà
Keyword(s):  
Structural Safety ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Knowledge Process ◽  
Diagonal Compression ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Simplified Mechanical Model

Abstract The evaluation of structural safety derives from the knowledge of material properties. In case of existent masonry building, the definition of reliable mechanical parameters could be a very difficult task to be achieved. For this reason, an estimation of these values is useful, for example it is the first phase of the knowledge process, for simplified mechanical model or when NTD test is the only possibility.The transversal connection in masonry panels is a technological detail that affects the static and seismic behavior and could significantly increase the strength of the element.In this paper the effect of transversal connection in double-leaf brickwork masonry panels is evaluated by diagonal compression tests. To achieve this goal, a new set-up was designed to load each leaf independently.The results have shown an increment of about 20% in strength if transversal connection is present. If the leaves have very different mechanical parameters, the tests highlight an unexpected behavior.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF VEHICLE OPERATING TIME TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INFLUENCE OF A NUMBER OF FACTORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
A. Krasheninin
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Optimal Average ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Standard Service

Modern vehicles operated on the railways of Ukraine have almost exhausted or exceeded their resource. The overuse of financial and material resources for their maintenance continues. The standard service life of vehicles was calculated on stable economic conditions of use of vehicles and their timely updating in process of aging. The service life of modern vehicles is determined by the influence of many factors, the disregard of which can lead to significant costs, even in compliance with the standard service life. For railway transport, these factors need modern clarification, as in operation their service life often exceeds the standard or, as for intermodal transport, the service life does not have a strict justification. Accordingly, the article analyzes the issues of assessing the impact on the service life of vehicles of the components of the cost of its maintenance and average daily mileage. It is shown that, firstly, the definition of the service life of vehicles must be linked to the cost of vehicle development, its creation, testing and production, the cost of operation and storage, as well as additional costs, and secondly , with the optimal average daily mileage, at which all the costs are minimal.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF MATERIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES OF BUILDING MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Hobyr ◽  
Lidiia Hobyr
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Design And Technology ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
New Production ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Definition Of

In a market economy, it becomes important to improve the organization of enterprise management and, above all, the production process, efficient use of financial, material resources and inventories. Effective management of material resources increases profits and provides the necessary investment. To maintain high profitability and liquidity, the management of current activities of enterprises, in particular inventory management plays a significant role. The categorical apparatus of material resources management at the enterprise is considered, the definition of “material resources” is generalized, the definition of "material resources management" is offered, and also the system of material resources management at the enterprise is considered. In the management of material resources at the enterprise there are 2 approaches – logistics and reengineering. The main tasks of the mechanism of management of material resources of the enterprise of building materials are defined. These are: increasing the efficiency of material resources and choosing cheap sources of funding; introduction of new production, resource-saving technologies; minimization of costs for procurement, production and marketing activities; increasing the interest of employees of all services in the effective performance of their duties; product quality management. The analysis of efficiency of use of material resources at the enterprises of building materials which has shown, that manufacture of production is rather material-intensive is carried out. This is evidenced by the share of material costs in the cost of work, and the value of the utilization factor of materials indicates the economical use of material resources in production. Reserves for improving the efficiency of material resources at construction materials enterprises have been identified. The ways of the most rational use of material resources of construction materials enterprises are offered, in particular it is improvement of a design and technology of manufacturing of products, introduction of more progressive norms of expenses of resources, use of substitute materials, and reduction of losses at stages of transportation, storage and industrial use.

scholarly journals Cytokine signature and COVID-19 prediction models in the two waves of pandemics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Cabaro ◽  
Vittoria D’Esposito ◽  
Tiziana Di Matola ◽  
Silvia Sale ◽  
Michele Cennamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractIn Europe, multiple waves of infections with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) have been observed. Here, we have investigated whether common patterns of cytokines could be detected in individuals with mild and severe forms of COVID-19 in two pandemic waves, and whether machine learning approach could be useful to identify the best predictors. An increasing trend of multiple cytokines was observed in patients with mild or severe/critical symptoms of COVID-19, compared with healthy volunteers. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) clearly recognized the three groups based on cytokine patterns. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) further indicated that IL-6 discriminated controls and COVID-19 patients, whilst IL-8 defined disease severity. During the second wave of pandemics, a less intense cytokine storm was observed, as compared with the first. IL-6 was the most robust predictor of infection and discriminated moderate COVID-19 patients from healthy controls, regardless of epidemic peak curve. Thus, serum cytokine patterns provide biomarkers useful for COVID-19 diagnosis and prognosis. Further definition of individual cytokines may allow to envision novel therapeutic options and pave the way to set up innovative diagnostic tools.

scholarly journals Freestyle Markup Language

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Pondorf ◽  
Andreas Witt
Keyword(s):  
Markup Language ◽  
Object Graph ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Current Standards

This paper provides a new generation of a markup language by introducing the Freestyle Markup Language (FML). Demands placed on the language are elaborated, considering current standards and discussions. Conception, a grammatical definition, a corresponding object graph and the bi-directional unambiguous transformation between these two congruent representation forms are set up. The result of this paper is a fundamental definition of a completely new markup language, consolidating many deficiency-discourses and experiences into one particular implementation concept, encouraging the evolution of markup.

scholarly journals Virgin forests as environmental, educational and scientific object of the Ukrainian Carpathians

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
Andrii Manko ◽  
Petro Voitkiv ◽  
Yurii Nakonechnyi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ancient Forests

The virgin forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians are unique ecosystems in which preserved natural, protected, recreational, historical and cultural objects. That is why a comprehensive study of the forest ecosystems of the Ukrainian Carpathians is needed in order to preserve these unique treasures of our country. The Ukrainian Carpathians are characterized in ecological, educational and scientific-cognitive aspects, as a significant number of objects and monuments of nature, history, architecture and culture are concentrated here. In the region under study, there is a well-developed network of nature reserve fund, the objects of which are basic for the organization of tourist activity. The importance of virgin forests as an ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive object of the Ukrainian Carpathians is revealed. The purpose of the research was to study the forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians, as an object of ecological, educational and cognitive perception. The object of the research was the forest ecosystems within the conservation areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The subject of the study was the consideration of forest ecosystems as an ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive object. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to give a complete definition of the term “primaeval” forests and their varieties; to identify, establish distribution areas and forest areas in the Ukrainian Carpathians; to analyze their ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive functions. It is revealed that the centres of distribution of forest ecosystems in the Ukrainian Carpathians are nature conservation areas, namely: Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Carpathian National Park, Uzhansky, Synevyr Verkhovyna, Cheremosky, Hutsulshchyna, Vyzhnytsya, Zacharovanyi Krai. It is stated that ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive objects in the region are natural undisturbed by the anthropogenic activity of the place. The best network of ecological-educational and scientific-educational trails is set up in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. The most popular are the eco-routes “To Goverla Mountain from Lazeshchyna”, “Kevelsky Forests to Petros”, “Beech Forests of Velyka Ugolka”, “To Sokolino Berdo”. It is revealed that the ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive potential of the forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians is special. The primaeval forests are widespread in the Ukrainian Carpathians, and their area is about 50 thousand hectares, and much of it requires identification. Forests have a special status in Ukraine and are strictly protected in nature reserves and perform ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive functions, since within them preserved natural, intact, virgin objects and also represent the cultural heritage of the region. Key words: Ukrainian Carpathians, virgin forests, quasi-virgin forests, ancient forests, ecological-educational and scientific-cognitive objects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document