scholarly journals INTERCONCEPTUAL CORRELATIONS IN THE CONCEPTOSYSTEM OF MODERN GERMAN-LANGUAGE MEDICAL DISCOURSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Osovska S.I. ◽  
Siaileva Ye.V.
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
German Language ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Cooperative Partnership ◽  
Speech Features ◽  
Semantic Dependencies

Мета. Метою представленої статті є встановлення особливостей концептосистеми сучасного німецькомовного медич-ного дискурсу, а саме виявлення ключових одиниць його концептуального простору як ментального ресурсу та визначення взаємозв’язків між ними.Дослідження виконане в межах сучасної когнітивно-дискурсивної парадигми лінгвістичних досліджень, спрямованої, зокрема, на встановлення мисленнєво-мовленнєвих особливостей дискурсивних практик етнокультурних спільнот, особли-востей комплементарності їхніх ментальних і вербальних ресурсів, що дає змогу описати їх ментальну зумовленість.Методи. У роботі була використана методика когнітивного картування, шляхом якої здійснено інтерпретацію смислового плану тексту як складника дискурсу. Вона складалась із поетапного застосування концептуального методу – для встановлення множини концептів-автохтонів та аналізу регулярних суміжних пар, шляхом якого вдалося встановити пари концептів, що вжи-ваються в найближчому контексті, кількісного аналізу, який обґрунтував закономірність встановлених пар для цього типу дис-курсу, а також логіко-семантичного аналізу, на основі якого сформульовані логічні інтерпретації – основні пресупозиції в основі сучасного німецькомовного медичного дискурсу.Результати. На матеріалі 500 дискурсивних актів визначено 2367 концептів, об’єднаних за змістовним принципом у 14 доменів, з яких об’єктивно встановлено 65 концептів-автохтонів, що створюють каркас концептосистеми сучасного німецькомовного медичного дискурсу, а також регулярні міжавтохтонні кореляції імплікації, слідування, каузації та координа-ції, що демонструють певні смислові залежності у свідомості його учасників. Це дало змогу представити встановлені концеп-ти як стрижні німецького уявлення про медичну сферу, зіставити його когнітивну репрезентованість та мовну об’єктивацію.Висновки. Через експлікацію основної структури концептосистеми досліджуваної дискурсивної практики сформульовані ключові етноспецифічні пресупозиції основних актантів сучасного німецькомовного медичного дискурсу, які засвідчують, що кооперативна партнерська атмосфера між сучасним німецьким пацієнтом та лікарем формується як симбіоз усвідомлення й дотримання прийнятих у суспільстві законів, норм поведінки, цінностей, професійних обов’язків у процесі здійснення кон-кретної лікарської діяльності, а також висловлення емоційної підтримки один одного. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to establish features of the conceptual system of modern German language medical discourse, namely to identify the key units of its mental resource as conceptual space, and to determine relationships between them.The research is performed within the modern cognitive-discursive paradigm of linguistic research, aimed, among other things, at establishing mental and speech features of discursive practices of ethnocultural communities, features of complementarity of their mental and verbal resources, which allows to describe their mental conditionality.Methods. The method of cognitive mapping was used in the research, by which interpretation of the semantic plan of text as a component of discourse was carried out. It consisted of a step-by-step application of a conceptual method - to establish a set of autochtonous concepts and analysis of adjacent pairs, which established pairs of concepts used in an immediate context, quantitative analysis which justified the regularity of established pairs for this type of discourse, and logical-semantic analysis, on the basis of which logical interpretations were formulated – the main presuppositions that are in the basis of modern German language medical discourse.Results. Based on 500 discursive acts were identified 2367 concepts, united by a substantive principle in 14 domains, which 65 autochthonous concepts were objectively established, creating the framework of the conceptual system of modern German-language medical discourse, as well as regular inter-autochthonous correlations of implication, following, causation and coordination, demonstrating certain semantic dependencies in the minds of its participants. As result, it allowed to present the established concepts as the core of the German idea of the medical field, to compare its cognitive representation and linguistic objectification.Conclusions. Through the explication of the basic structure of the conceptual system of the studied discursive practice, key ethnospecific presuppositions of the main actants of modern German-language medical discourse are formulated, which testify that the cooperative partnership atmosphere between in the process of carrying out specific medical activities, as well as expressing emotional support for each other.

Zur religiösen Codierung moderner Ernährung. Ayurvedische Koch- und Ernährungsbücher als Lebensratgeber

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-264
Author(s):  
Anne Koch
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
German Language ◽  
Advice Literature

AbstractThe article surveys German-language ayurvedic cooking and nutrition books from 1990 until today. The semantic analysis reveals a market diversification that corresponds to the following categories: health, diet, spirituality, and individualism. These are main attractors of Ayurveda along with its promises of holistic balance and cosmological integration. Because this development can be interpreted as a reaction to the Western scientific formation of "Ayurveda" within popular life advice literature, this essay uses the concept of reflexive nutrition as derived from M. Stausberg's reflexive ritualization (ZRGG 1/2003). Furthermore, the success of these books indicates an absence of Christian dietetics in Germany's religion landscape.

Illness-conceptions in the persuasive sections of Hungarian medical recipes from the 16th and 17th centuries

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Kuna
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
General State ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Instructional Unit ◽  
Linguistic Framework ◽  
Text Construction

AbstractIllnesses and their names constitute a significant indicator of cultural levels, as they reveal a lot about the convictions, healing practices as well as the general state of medicine. Besides the naming of illnesses, their conceptualizations are also present in certain genres and text sections, which are, in turn, associated with specific functions. The present paper outlines illness-conceptions in 16th and 17th-century Hungarian medical recipes by means of a qualitative analysis of seven contemporary manuscripts in a cognitive linguistic framework.The investigation takes the schema of the recipes as the analytical framework, as it was one of the most typical genre within the medical discourse domain in the 16th and 17th centuries. A recurring topic of recipes is usefulness, which is elaborated along the ‘how-to-do-it’ function. We can observe three functional units in the text construction: the initiator, the instructional unit and the persuasion. The conceptual elaboration of illnesses typically occurs in the first and third units. In the initiators, it manifests through the names and symptoms of illnesses, while in the persuasive sections through the description of how the illness departs. The present paper concentrates on this last aspect and gives a detailed description of the conceptual categories concerning the departure of the disease (cleansing, easing, soothing, stopping, starting etc.), their frequency and co-ocurrence. The research attempts to give a discourse pragmatic approach to the topic, expanding on the semantic analysis based on the names of illnesses and the symptoms.

scholarly journals Lexical polysemy and homonymy in the Middle High German language in light of the problematic of lexical synonymy and lexical-semantic analysis

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Andreevna Fomicheva
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Epic Poetry ◽  
German Language ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Polysemous Word ◽  
Chivalric Romance ◽  
Lexical Polysemy ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

Based on the compositions of pre-courteous epic poetry and chivalric romance written in the Middle High German language, this article reviews the problem of lexical polysemy in relation to the phenomena of homonymy and synonymy, as well as the problem of structural description of lexis. The need for comprehensive examination of polysemous lexemes in the Middle High German language, which includes structural analysis of the meaning of polysemous word and the lexical-thematic group and/or synonymic row it belongs to, well as the study of contextual implementation of the meanings of polysemous word, is substantiated by the principle of diffusivity of meanings of polysemous word that complicates comprising dictionary definitions and creates difficulties for the researcher in distinguishing the meanings of a polysemous word and separating polysemy from homonymy. Based on the example of lexical-thematic group for denomination of edged weapon in the Middle High German Language, the author demonstrates the appropriateness of using lexical-semantic analysis for establishing systemic relations between the analyzed lexemes, as well as postulates the importance of the context in determination of the structure of polysemous word. Discussion of the given examples from the compositions of pre-courteous epic poetry and chivalric romance written in the Middle High German language is accompanied by the author’s clarifications to the dictionary definitions of the lexemes under review. The conclusion is made on feasibility of the authorial approach towards detection of the discrepancies between lexicographic data and use of the lexeme in the texts written in the Middle High German language. The author also believes that this research is valuable from the perspective of lexicographic practice.

scholarly journals STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING OF THE ADVERTISING-TEXTS: A CASE OF GERMAN LANGUAGE ADVERTISEMENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-186
Author(s):  
Myroslava Maistrenko ◽  
Petro Osypov ◽  
Nataliya Bulyk
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
German Language ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Women's Clothing ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Compositional Elements ◽  
Online Stores

The article considers the main features of the composition of advertising texts in the German-speaking environment. The search-material is based on German language women's clothing advertising from popular German online stores and magazines (e.g., "Kenwood", "ALDI", "KIK", and etc.). The aim of this research is to study the functioning of compositional blocks in the texts of German advertising and the features of advertising texts within the German mass media discourse. The main compositional elements of the advertising text are characterized and the lexical-semantic analysis of each of its compositional parts is given. The following methods were used: the method of linguistic observation with the following procedures of systematization and classification of linguistic facts. Structural-semantic analysis was used to determine the features of the compositional structure of the advertising text. Despite the fact that advertising texts are small in volume, it is interesting to study their compositional structure, lexical and semantic content of each compositional component. The composition of the advertising text is optional and depends mainly on the pragmatic goals of each advertising text. It is important so speak about the semantics and pragmatics of compositional blocks. However, there is a certain structural pattern for creating advertising text, which takes into account all possible goals and intentions of the author of the advertisement. The article pays special attention to slogans and titles, as important compositional elements of the advertising text, because they perform both informative and motivational functions. The reader learns direct information about the products being sold from the main compositional block of the advertising text. The final part of advertisement has also its pragmatic purposes and types of manifestation. The study of advertising texts leads to the conclusion that the composition of advertising text is dynamic and depends not only on the purpose of creation, but also on the model chosen for its creation.

scholarly journals NEW WORDS IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE OF THE LAST DECADES: THEMATIC GROUP «FREIZEIT»

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina M. Foliforova ◽  
◽  
Tatyana M. Tyapkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Public Life ◽  
German Language ◽  
New Words ◽  
Lexical Semantic

The article is devoted to studying neologisms of the German language of the last decades in the thematic group "Freizeit". Basing on new words in an online dictionary and a database of neologisms of the modern German language, a lexical-semantic analysis of lexical innovations is carried out. The vocabulary of the German language is studied in order to highlight the prevailing subgroups in the thematic group "Freizeit", to show the origin of neologisms. The analysis of lexical innovations allows us to draw a conclusion about the connection of neologisms with the changes in public life.

scholarly journals CONCEPTSYSTEM OF MODERN ENGLISH GASTRONOMY ADVERTISING AESTHETIC DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Tetiana Hafu
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
The Social ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Advertising Discourse

The article presents a study that allowed us to construct a cognitive map of modern English gastronomic advertising aesthetic discourse. The main features in the understanding of gastronomic advertising discourse by the representatives of the English-speaking community – gourmet aesthetes are analyzed. The research material for the modern English gastronomic advertising aesthetic discourse was the gastronomic Internet texts of the social network Instagram, which contained a particularly expressive specific aesthetic component. It is established that the mental framework of the cognitive space of a modern English gourmet esthete is formed by 48 significant discourse-creating autochthons-concepts (sensations, emotions, recipe, ingredient, taste and others). The separation of the constants of the concept system of modern English gastronomic advertising aesthetic discourse – generative autochthonous concepts was carried out through the inventory of texts, fixation of objectifiers of concepts and their grouping into semantic areas. To verify the objectivity of the facts, a quantitative method of calculation is used, the criterion χ2. With the help of linguo quantitative methods, system connections (strong, medium and weak) between the main autochthonous concepts (RECIPE – INGREDIENT, TRADITIONAL MEAL – TEA, EXPERIENCE – SATISFACTION and others) were established and significant autochthonous concepts in modern English gastronomy were identified. The components of the conceptual system of modern English-language gastronomic aesthetic discourse and their combination builds a unique representation in the form of a cognitive map. The study allowed to construct a cognitive map of the studied type of discursive practice, which reproduces its conceptual system and, thus, explains the main mental cores of its participants – modern English gourmet aesthetes: characteristics of products, feelings and emotions they evoke, the principle of healthy eating, demonstration of their own gastronomic preferences in social networks in the form of blogs, because the modern English-speaking aesthetic and gourmet world of social network is impossible to imagine without a blog, where it is important to post on the social network Instagram, which describes the author's experience and feelings and emotions from food (first of all, pleasure and happiness), which provide the aesthetics of the advertising text. Key words: discourse; advertising discourse; gastronomic discourse; aesthetic discourse, cognitive mapping.

REPRESENTATION OF THE FRAME «MOVING IN SPACE» THROUGH THE VERBS OF MOVEMENT IN THE GERMAN LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
Vassiliy Glushak ◽  
Vladislav Vereyutin
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
German Language ◽  
Space Frame ◽  
Individual Concepts

This article discusses MOVING IN SPACE frame in German, defines its concepts and slots that find their language expression through the eight most common verbs of the movement such as gehen, laufen, kommen, wandern, treten, fahren, fliegen, schwimmen. The basis for constructing the frame is a technique of identifying integral and differential semes. The identified integral semes allowed the authors to define four concepts: the medium of movement; nature of movement; means of transportation; intensity of movement. Using corpus research based on the COSMAS electronic linguistic corpus, the study reveals the ability of verbs to express various slots of established concepts. The carried out semantic analysis has made it possible to identify the verbs of movement gradation according to the representation of slots in the frame structure MOVING IN SPACE. The verb with the most extensive semantics is the verb «kommen», since it is able to express the largest number of slots during operation. The dominant concept in the frame structure MOVING IN SPACE is the «medium of movement», since this concept determines the specification of the remaining selected slots. The findings of the analysis are reflected in the cognitive map of the MOVING IN SPACE frame including the set of individual concepts (integral attributes) and slots that implement them (differential semes).

in which members share little in common perceptually. Food consists simply of those items that play a certain role in children's breakfast, lunch, and dinner scripts. In an especially well-known study, Lucariello, Kyratzis, and Nelson (1992) asked preschool children of various ages to provide specific items for five super-ordinate categories: food, clothes, animals, furniture, and tools. The first three of these in particular were hypothesized to have slot-filler structure because of their participation in salient events in children's lives, and indeed, it was found that the basis for each of these categories for young children was the similar events in which its exemplars participated. There was also evidence that the older children formed these categories on the basis of more different types of events than younger children. Subsequent research has shown that children can form both syntagmatic and paradigmatic categories from their initial event representations (see Nelson, 1996, for a review). Nelson is one of the only theorists of children's language development who has gone onto focus on the nature of children's lexical development later in the preschool period (the one major exception being Anglin, 1977,1983). Briefly, the idea is that by establishing lexical fields of similar terms, children construct relations such as synonymy, antonymy, and hy pony my (hierarchical relations). The establishment of these relations makes possible "the manipulation of language terms without refer-ence to situational context" (Nelson, 1985, p. 214); that is, children establish lexical relations among words, "unencumbered by all of the syntagmatic entailments of the conceptual system" (Nelson, 1985, p. 214). Establishing these kinds of abstract rela-tions enables children to, among other things, perform in adult-like ways in explicit verbal classification tasks as they approach school age. It is only at this point that Nelson is willing to say that children have "a system of semantic relations that is purely symbolic and semiautonomous, that is, it can operate independently of the conceptual system" (Nelson, 1985, p. 214). Strong evidence for this proposal was re-cently supplied by Sell (1992). In a study of children ranging in age from 2 to 10 years, she found that the youngest children seemed to possess mainly categories based in specific events. The slightly older children (5-6 years of age) possessed, in addition, slot-filler categories based on participant roles in whole classes of events. It was only the oldest, school-aged children, who possessed fully taxonomic concep-tual categories independent of specific events and event types. With respect to the grammatical structure of language, Tomasello (1992a) used Nelson's event-based model to explicate some aspects of children's early multi-word productions. The hypothesis was that the basic structure of children's earliest multiword utterances is provided by verbs. The defining feature of verbs is of course the dynamic and sequential nature of their underlying conceptualizations; they refer to events and states of affairs. Moreover, the meaning of a verb perforce includes participant roles such as agent and patient as an integral component. For example, the meaning of the verb give includes the giver, the thing given, and the person given to as they engage in certain activities. Children's understanding and

2002 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Keyword(s):  
Basic Structure ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Lexical Development ◽  
Initial Event ◽  
Participant Roles ◽  
The One ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Event Representations

scholarly journals Ways of Conceptualization German-Language Discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Kateryna Mikhidenko ◽  
Olena Opanasenko
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
German Language ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Virtual Communication ◽  
Discursive Space ◽  
Intercultural Conflict ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Language Conflict

The article is devoted to the study of the conceptual picture of German-speaking virtual intercultural reality and the processes of categorization that occur during the confrontation of local inhabitants and foreigners, as well as the definition of concepts objectified in German-language conflict discourse in virtual communication and their verbalization. A theoretical review of modern studies on the actualization of the conceptual system of individuals in linguistic reality in an intercultural context. The processes of categorization and conceptualization of discourse space on the basis of categorical, structural or metaphorical actualization of concepts of intercultural reality are analyzed. It is proposed to divide the concepts verbalized in the analyzed fragments of intercultural conflict discourse into three types: categorical concepts organize the knowledge of subjects about themselves and their environment by dividing and combining the concepts of intercultural discursive space in opposition pairs; structural concepts organize knowledge about the subject according to the structural features of the object through which they are denoted; metaphorical concepts concretize abstract and general ideas with the help of vivid concrete images based on an analogy between two phenomena.

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