scholarly journals Analisis Kebutuhan Air Bersih IPA PDAM Samboja Kutai Kartanegara

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Irna Hendriyani ◽  
Martheana Kencanawati ◽  
Agus Nur Salam
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Number Of Customers

The problem of providing clean water is currently a special concern for developed countries and developing countries. Indonesia as a developing country cannot be separated from the problem of providing clean water for its people. One of the main problems faced is the lack of available sources of clean water, the uneven distribution of clean water services, especially in rural areas and existing clean water sources that have not been utilized optimally. This study aims to analyze the clean water needs of PDAM Samboja which uses 2 pumps in the next 10 years (2028). By using primary and secondary data obtained from PDAM Samboja and a number of related references, it was found that the IPA clean water needs of PDAM Tirta Mahakam Samboja with 2 pumps, in 2018 amounted to 2,599.5 m3/day. With the estimated results of the number of customers in the next 10 years (2028), the number of water requirements is 3,048 m3/day. Therefore it is necessary to add 1 pump to the PDAM Samboja IPA so that it can still serve the needs of customers in the next 10 years

scholarly journals Co-production as deep engagement

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary S. Mangai ◽  
Michiel S. De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Philosophical Framework

Purpose While there is an urgent need for clean water in Ghana and Nigeria, governments lack the financial means to do much to address this need. This does not mean that improving access to clean water is impossible. On the contrary, this paper argued that engaging citizens through co-production, as is already being done in developed countries in the fields of care-giving, waste management, healthcare and community policing, could provide a successful strategy. The purpose of this paper is to examine how public water facilities are being managed to improve and sustain access to clean water for domestic use in rural areas in Ghana and Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach A survey interview with households and in-depth interviews with water professionals were conducted in Ghana and Nigeria to help the authors understand the practicalities of the co-production of clean water and how this is improving and maintaining access to clean water sources. The paper draws on a philosophical framework of “deep” citizen engagement to describe the merits of co-production and how it works in practice in developing countries. Findings Based on the interviews with officials and surveys among the population of rural areas in the two countries studied, the authors found that the two countries vary significantly in their approach to water management decisions and the extent to which citizens are involved. Ghana’s approach seems much more successful than Nigeria when it comes to maintaining boreholes for water supply with the help of the population. In Nigeria, three-quarters of the public water facilities are non-functional, while in Ghana, community involvement in maintaining public water facilities has resulted in the sustained use of boreholes and eliminated the lack of access to clean water in many communities. Originality/value This paper contributes to the practical understanding of co-production in developing countries and the potential of such co-production in improving clean water access. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous scientific research has studied how co-production can improve and sustain access specifically to clean water sources in developing countries, and this paper aimed to fill this gap.

scholarly journals Stroke in Young in India

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjari Tripathi ◽  
Deepti Vibha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Stroke In Young

Stroke in young has special significance in developing countries. This is so because some etiologies like cardioembolic infections are more common than in developed countries, and the affection of economically productive group adds further to the overall disease burden. The paper discusses the burden of stroke in young and its implications in a developing country like India along with an approach to identifying different causes that are known to occur in this age group.

scholarly journals Migration and Its Impact on Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Muslih Faozanudin ◽  
Shainima Islam
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
The Impact

People’s mobility and international migration are quite interesting phenomena to discuss. Until now, there are still differences in views between industrialized countries and developing countries regarding the contribution of migration to development for both sending and receiving countries. This paper aims to analyze based on existing secondary data the linkage between migration and sustainable development. For analysis, this study uses a descriptive approach, with secondary data as the primary source. The analysis found that both sending and receiving countries - benefited from population mobility and international migration. The least developed countries in the economy and overall infrastructure are supplying countries for this migration process, and increasing remittances and skilled workers to help other countries. Although it is realized that this condition is the impact of the weak economic system of developing countries on the one hand and the demographic that occur in advanced industrialized countries on the other. To maintain the stability of the supply chain for economic development, international migration is included as one of the sustainable development programs that apply more humane values. Therefore, migrants should be seen as potential contributors to the growth of sending and receiving countries, and some even claim that they are heroes of foreign exchange. Keywords:  migration, remmitance, sustainable development Mobilitas masyarakat dan migrasi internasional merupakan fenomena yang cukup menarik untuk dibahas. sampai saat ini masih terdapat perbedaan pandangan antara negara industri dan negara berkembang, tentang  kontribusi migrasi terhadap  pembangunan, baik  bagi negara yang asal migrant maupun bagi negara penerima. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berdasarkan data sekunder yang ada mengenai keterkaitan antara migrasi dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Untuk analisis, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif, dengan data sekunder sebagai sumber primer. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa kedua negara-negara pengirim dan penerima - mendapat manfaat dari mobilitas penduduk dan migrasi internasional. Negara-negara kurang berkembang dalam ekonomi dan infrastruktur secara keseluruhan menjadi negara pemasok untuk proses migrasi ini, dan meningkatkan pengiriman uang dan pekerja terampil untuk membantu negara lain. Meskipun disadari bahwa kondisi ini merupakan dampak dari lemahnya sistem perekonomian negara berkembang di satu sisi dan faktor demografi dan kesuburan yang terjadi di negara industri maju di sisi lain. Untuk menjaga stabilitas rantai pasokan pembangunan ekonomi, migrasi internasional dimasukkan sebagai salah satu program pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menerapkan nilai-nilai yang lebih manusiawi. Oleh karena itu, para migran harus dilihat sebagai kontributor potensial bagi pertumbuhan negara pengirim dan penerima,  bahkan ada yang mengklaim bahwa mereka adalah sebagai pahlawan devisa. Kata kunci:  migrasi, pembangunan berkelanjutan, remiten

scholarly journals Prospects of Multifunctionality in Nepalese Agriculture: The Agritourism Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-118
Author(s):  
Kumar Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Household Heads

Multi functionality of agriculture in the developed countries is employed as a means of rural revitalization and economic circulation. Although farm diversification in the developing countries is much more crucial, in most of the rural areas of the developing countries, it is not performed, and it is delayed. In this regard, the main objective of this study is to explore the possibilities of the multi functionality of agriculture for the sustainable rural development for the implementation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the developing countries. The empirical study was conducted in two of the rural districts of Nepal called Nuwakot and Rasuwa. The author intentionally chose these districts because it is one separate area north of the capital city Kathmandu and bordering to China. Further, even though the location is nearby the capital city, and the rural villages have excessive potentials for tourism activities, the farmers are still focusing on subsistence farming without getting benefits from tourism. Based on the macro data of Nepal government and field visit, the author conducted a case study. This study explored that most of the household heads are working in the agricultural sector, which can be one of the opportunities to launch multi functionality of agriculture. However, due to their weak educational background, they are expecting external supports in terms of knowledge, technology, and more importantly, supportive policy. The federal and central government should give subsidy to the farmers so that they canstart multi functionality in their farms, which lead to sustainable rural development.

scholarly journals URGENSI PENATAAN HUKUM KERUANGANGKASAAN DALAM KERANGKA KEPENTINGAN NASIONAL NEGARA BERKEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Agus Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Other ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Commercial Space ◽  
Legal Instrument ◽  
Space Industry ◽  
Space Activities

The presence of  the space industry which sends to be dominated by private companies in developed countries has encouraged the need for developing country national legal framework thar are accomodative to regulate commercial space activities. On the other hand there are developing countries that have space activities and have national legal instruments, on the other there are developing countries that have just started space activities but do not have national legal instrument. Therefore, the arrangement of international and national legal instrument that regulate the interest of developing countries is urgent. In addition, this study show that existing legal transformation is not successful considering the transformation is not less attention to the full interest of the parties concerned.

scholarly journals Segmentation, Classification, and Determinants of In-Store Shopping Activity and Travel Behaviour in the Digitalisation Era: The Context of a Developing Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Joewono ◽  
Ari Tarigan ◽  
Muhamad Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Shopping Travel

The influence of digital technologies in the current era has substantially affected the way individuals engage with in-store shopping activities and travels. To prepare a transport policy with sustainable orientations, it is important to investigate factors that determine in-store activity-travel patterns. In particular, knowledge about how in-store activities and travels interact with other forms of activities and travels should be updated, since the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) may be substantial to create new patterns of activity and travel. It is believed that shopping travel and activity behaviours may indicate the increase or decrease of physical travels, which is crucial for carbon emission measures in transportation sector. While numerous studies about this issue have been recently carried out based on the context of developed countries, little is known for the context of developing countries. To offer a better understanding of the nature of in-store shopping travels and activities in the digitalisation era, a household survey was conducted in Bandung, Indonesia. This survey tends to acquire data from respondents as a representation of developing countries on their shopping behaviour, travel characteristics, and spatial attributes that represent the conditions of their built environment. The results from the survey show that individuals in a developing country are still having interest in in-store grocery shopping even though their daily life has a close connection with digital life. The results of the analysis show that grocery shoppers in a developing country simultaneously consider shopping activity, other activities, modes of transport, and shopping expenses. This manifests in the form of trip-chaining activities and affects decisions on the modes of transport used. The results indicate a significant portion of trip frequency for in-store shopping travel with motorised modes. Since motorised modes are the main contribution for carbon emission production in transportation sector, the results of this study are critical for developing transport demand measures and setting relevant policy schemes to improve the sustainability of transportation system, especially for the context of developing countries.

Biotechnology and the Developing Countries: The Same Old Story?

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Zilinskas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Malaria Vaccine ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Social Orders ◽  
Civil Discord

One of the more depressing thoughts that afflicts me Phoenix-like is whether or not I am in fact adding to the process of development. Will the work I am doing to affect the international transfer of biotechnology and relevant information to the developing countries help them realize an improvement in the standard of living of their people? Or, as Sanford Lakoff asks, will my work more likely result in a malaria vaccine (made possible by the application of genetic engineering techniques) that will save millions of people-only to have them face starvation? Will advances in agriculture aggravate the ongoing unsettling of populations from rural areas with all the associated miseries this implies? If and when a bioscience-based industry is established in a developing country, will the sale of its products largely benefit a few owners and corrupt officials (no doubt bought off to turn a blind eye to violations of safety codes)? Is biotechnology likely to upset social orders, thus bringing about more unrest and civil discord in individual countries?

scholarly journals Philosophical Arguments for Increased Aid to Developing Countries

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Scott Morris
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The World ◽  
World Poverty ◽  
Practical Implications

The wealth disparity between developed and developing countries has resulted in widespread poverty and frequent support of terrorism in the developing world. However, developed countries have given only tenths of a percent of their respective gross national products recently to close this wealth gap. A better understanding of this situation requires a philosophical inquiry into the moral and practical implications of providing increased aid to developing countries. First, the author argues there is a moral obligation for people in developing countries to increase developing country aid. Second, the author argues that this increase in developing country aid will decrease the cumulative presence of world poverty and will improve the world economy. To emphasize these benefits, the author employs deontological and contemporary analysis techniques in the context of five potential objections to reinforce the need for increased developing country aid.

Multi-utility framework: blockchain exchange platform for sustainable development

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Bou Abdo ◽  
Sherali Zeadally
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design a sustainable development platform for water and energy peer-to-peer trading that is financially and economically feasible. Water and other resources are becoming scarcer every day, and developing countries are the neediest for an immediate intervention. Water, as a national need, is considered to be one of the most precious commodities, but it is also one of the main causes for conflicts in the 21st century. Rainwater harvesting and peer-to-peer trading of the harvested water is one of the most convenient, scalable and sustainable solutions but faces organization challenges such as the absence of suitable business models motivating normal users to sell their generated resources (such as water and energy), currency and financial settlement complexities and single utility markets. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a multi-utility trading platform based on the blockchain technology which can address the challenges faced by peer-to-peer trading for resources such as energy and water. Findings This paper presents a peer-to-peer multi-utility trading platform that solves the shortcomings of existing utility frameworks reported in the current literature. Originality/value This proposed platform meets the needs of developing countries as well as rural areas of developed countries. The open nature of the proposed design makes it suitable for adoption and use by various stakeholders.

scholarly journals Governance Assessment of the Flood’s Infrastructure Policy in San Pedro Cholula, Mexico: Potential for a Leapfrog to Water Sensitive

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Casiano Flores ◽  
Joep Crompvoets ◽  
Maria Eugenia Ibarraran Viniegra ◽  
Megan Farrelly
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
San Pedro

Climate change together with population growth and land-use change have increased the risk of urban floods. Urban floods cause severe damages to cities and their inhabitants, and they are expected to increase over time. Consequently, urban adaptation is required to shift from traditional infrastructure (grey) to multifunctional infrastructure (blue-green) for improved flood management. Until recently, studies on the role and adoption of blue-green infrastructure have centered around large cities in developed countries, including Melbourne and Rotterdam, among others. Meanwhile, middle-sized cities in developing countries have received less attention. According to the Urban Water Management Transition Framework (UWMTF), cities in developing countries can learn from the experiences of developed cities and leapfrog to more ‘water sensitive’ practices. Although leapfrogging is context-dependent, our understanding of factors that support leapfrogging remains embryonic. This paper contributes to the scholarly understanding of the governance factors that support and limit leapfrogging. By applying the Governance Assessment Tool through semi-structured interviews and reviewing secondary data, this research assessed the implementation of flood protection infrastructure in San Pedro Cholula, a middle size city of Mexico. This work found the most supportive quality for delivering multifunctional infrastructure, was the extent of the governance system. The governance support extent was rated as moderate-low considering the platform for change is limited to government actors, which has further reinforced traditional approaches to infrastructure. In addition, the necessary governance features of coherence, flexibility and intensity were assessed as constraining change, with flexibility being the least supportive governance factor and ultimately hindering social actors’ participation and innovation. While the contemporary governance arrangements of San Pedro Cholula are not yet conducive to promoting a leapfrog in the delivery of urban flood infrastructure, the analysis has pointed to three catalytic factors to underpin a leapfrogging situation: trans-disciplinary science; cross-sector partnerships; and, innovation experiments.

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