scholarly journals KORELASI KADAR KOLESTEROL DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 PADA LAKI-LAKI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahayu Anggraini

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. It is estimated thatmore than 140 million people worldwide are currently suffering from diabetes, and by 2025, anestimated more than 300 million people will suffer from the disease. The purpose of this study was toevaluate the correlation of cholesterol with the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus disease. The type of thisresearch is observational with cross-sectional analytic approach and done in PLN employees, total are112 people of which are mens. All participants underwent biochemical analysis of fasting blood sugar(BSN) and 2 hours PP (post prandial), and total cholesterol level test. Determination of glucose byglucose oxidase method and cholesterol level by CHOD-PAP method. The mean results in normalcholesterol (< 200 mg/dl) obtained BSN = 73 mg / dl, 2 Hours PP = 92 mg / dl, and in abnormalcholesterol (> 200 mg/dl) mean BSN = 81 mg / dl, 2 hours PP = 109 mg / dl, in independent T test withp = 0001 in both groups of different cholesterol levels. Results of the Pearson's correlation test, therewas a significant positive correlation between GDP and cholesterol levels (r = 0.262, p = 0.005), and 2hours PP and cholesterol levels (r = 0.258, p = 0.006). Conclusions: There was a significant positivecorrelation between 2 hours PP and cholesterol levels. This study shows there is a correlation ofcholesterol levels that develop diabetes mellitus type 2.

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Fransiscus H Wulur ◽  
Recky Dj B Pieter

Background Hypercholesterolemia in children is an important riskfactor that causes coronary heart disease in the future. Nutritionalstatus, especially overweight/obesity, is associated with hyperc-holesterolemia.Objective To determine the prevalence of hypercholesterolemiaand its association with nutritional status.Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted during April-June 2001. Subjects consisted of children aged 10-12 year-oldregistered at primary schools in Manado, Tondano, and TandenganMinahasa. Data were analyzed using t test, z score, and chi-square.Results Of the 229 samples, 153 (66.8%) were boys and 76 (33.2%) were girls. The mean of total cholesterol level in boys was 179.46mg/dL (SD 33.44) and in girls was 180.95 mg/dL (SD 33.77) whichwas not significantly different (p>0.05). There were no differencesin either the number of children having “borderline” cholesterol level(170–199 mg/dL) or hypercholesterolemia (3200 mg/dL) betweenboth sexes. Of the 229 children, 65 (28.4%) had hypercholester-olemia. Of the 65 children, 37 (36%) came from the primary schoolin Manado, which was significant compared to the other schoollocations (p<0.05). Twenty-five (39%) children with hypercholes-terolemia had overweight nutritional status, which was significantcompared to the other nutritional status (p<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 28.4 %.There was an association between hypercholesterolemia and nutri-tional status, with a tendency of hypercholesterolemia to occur atoverweight nutritional status, especially in the urban area


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Rahayu Anggraini

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of total cholesterol with the incidenceof Diabetes Mellitus disease. The type of this research is observational with cross-sectional analyticapproach and done to PLN employees, total are 112 people of which are men. All participantsunderwent biochemical analysis of fasting blood sugar (BSN) and 2 hours PP (Post Prandial), andtotal cholesterol level test. Determination of glucose by glucose oxidase method and cholesterol levelby CHOD-PAP method. The mean results obtained GDP = 73 mg / dl, 2 Hours PP = 92 mg / dl innormal cholesterol patients, and in abnormal patients Cholesterol mean GDP = 81 mg / dl, 2 HoursPP = 109 mg / dl with p = 0000 in both groups of different cholesterol. Results of the Pearson'scorrelation test, there was a significant positive correlation between GDP levels and total cholesterol(r = 0.262, p = 0.005), and 2 hours PP and total cholesterol (r = 0.258, p = 0.006). Conclusions:There was a significant positive correlation between GDP levels, 2 hours PP, and total serumcholesterol. This study shows there is a correlation of total cholesterol levels that developdyslipidemia until diabetes mellitus type 2.


2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ogedengbe ◽  
IU Ezeani ◽  
E Aihanuwa

AbstractObjective. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by a relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. It is also associated with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including hyper-tension and dyslipidemia. Although there are many studies that have studied the metabolic abnormalities in T2DM patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), only few of them have assessed the metabolic abnormalities in their first-degree relatives (FDRs) who had MetS. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and biochemical variables in T2DM subjects and their FDRs without diabetes in Benin City, Nigeria.Methods. This is a cross sectional case control study including 124 T2DM patients, 96 FDR of T2DM subjects, and 96 controls recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire-administered technique. Variables of interest that were assessed included anthropometric indices like waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist:hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), proteinuria, and microalbuminuria. The 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to make a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. The Chi-square test was used for comparison of proportions. P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The student t-test was used to compare means and test for significant differences in the anthropometric and the metabolic indices.Results. The prevalence of the MetS in T2DM persons was 87.1%, 16.7% in the FDR group, and 13.5% in the control group according to the WHO criteria. The mean value of HbA1c was significantly higher in T2DM subjects with MetS (p<0.05). The mean values of WC, FPG, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were higher in subjects with MetS in the T2DM group than in persons with MetS in the FDR group though not significant (p>0.05). The mean values of WHR, BMI, SBP, DBP, and triglyceride were higher in persons with the MetS in the FDR group than in persons with the MetS in the T2DM group. The difference in the BMI and SBP was significant (p<0.05).Conclusion. The prevalence of MetS in subjects with T2DM in Nigeria is very high. Though, all the biochemical and clinical indices were higher in T2DM subjects with MetS, the mean HbA1c, BMI, and SBP was significantly higher when compared to their FDR who also have MetS.


Jurnal NERS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Musfirah Ahmad ◽  
Rini Rachmawaty ◽  
Elly L. Sjattar ◽  
Saldy Yusuf

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global disease endemic and causing of 4.6 million deaths in the world. The Indonesian government and health insurance [BPJS Kesehatan] formulate a Chronic Disease Care Program [Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (PROLANIS)] for type 2 diabetes that aimed at controlling the glycemic status and the risk factors of macro and microvascular complications. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between the implementation of PROLANIS and fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and total cholesterol levels in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Antang and Pampang community health centers, Makassar, Indonesia. Methods: This study used descriptive correlation design with cross sectional study approach. Subjects were 40 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who joined PROLANIS at PUSKESMAS Antang and Pampang, Makassar, with sampling technique used was total sampling. The data were analyzed using correlation test to assess the significance (p), the direction (+/-), and the strength of the correlation (r). The implementation of PROLANIS was measured by using the observation sheets developed based on BPJS Kesehatan criteria, while the fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and total cholesterol levels were checked by laboratory. Results: The mean of the implementation of PROLANIS was 15.05 (SD ± 5.62), while the mean levels of fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and total cholesterolwere as followed: 191.80 mg/dL (SD ± 85.15); 8.4% (SD ± 2.08); and 192.87 mg/dL (SD ± 45.07). Using the Spearman's rho test, the study result showed that there was a significant and negative correlation between the implementation of PROLANIS and the levels of fasting blood sugar (p= 0.001; r= -0.724), HbA1c (p= 0.001; r= -0.870), and total cholesterol (p= 0.029; r= -0.35) in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Puskemas Antang and Pampang, Makassar. Conclusions: The optimal implementation of the PROLANIS is very effective to control the levels of fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and total cholesterol in patients type 2 diabetes. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Rara Yumna Elfrida ◽  
Gadis Meinar Sari ◽  
Sri Ratna Dwiningsih ◽  
Pudji Lestari

Introduction: Hormonal injection contraception is the most widely used method of contraception in Indonesia. In long-term use, one of the side effects of injection contraception is changes in lipid metabolism in the body caused by the accumulation of hormones in the body. Two types of injectional contraception are widely used in Indonesia, namely combined injection and DMPA injection; different hormonal content has various side effects on the lipid profile. This study aimed to compare the total cholesterol level between acceptors of DMPA injection and combined injection.Methods: This study used an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size is 60 respondents, including 30 DMPA injection acceptors and 30 combination injection acceptors. The sampling method uses a purposive sampling technique The independent variable in this study was the total cholesterol level of the acceptor, and the dependent variable was the acceptor of DMPA injection and the combination injection acceptor. Analysis of research data used the Independent T-test with α=0.05.Results: The results of the bivariate analysis found significant differences in total cholesterol levels in the DMPA injection contraception acceptor and combination injection with p= 0.037. It was found that overall cholesterol levels of DMPA injection acceptors were higher.Conclusion: There is a difference in total cholesterol levels in the DMPA injection contraception acceptor with a combination injection contraception acceptor.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Andrew Thomas ◽  
Mohan T. Shenoy ◽  
K.T. Shenoy ◽  
Nirmal George

Background: The effectiveness of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients is debated in the literature. We aimed at elucidating the association and patterns of complications between SMBG use and plasma glucose values. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 303 participants from outpatient departments with T2DM for over 12 months. We analyzed sociodemographic and clinical variables including: anthropometry, SMBG use, disease duration, treatment modality, complications, plasma glucose level, and glycated hemoglobin level (%). Results: The mean duration of T2DM was 93±76 months. Participants were grouped into SMBG users (n=115, 38%) and non-SMBG users (n=188, 62%). The mean fasting plasma glucose levels of SMBG and non-SMBG users were 140.7±42.7 (95% Confidence Interval [95%CI]: 132.72;148.67) mg/dl and 145.4±50 (95%CI: 138.12;152.67) mg/dl (p=0.03), respectively. The mean post-prandial plasma glucose levels of the SMBG and non-SMBG groups were 202±63.42 (95%CI: 190.23;213.76) mg/dl and 209±84.54 (95%CI: 196.56;221.43) mg/dl (p=0.002), respectively. The mean difference in HbA1c among the groups were 8.14±1.69% (95%CI: 7.59;8.68) and 8.15±1.98% (95%CI: 7.27;9.02) (p=0.4), respectively. Hypoglycemia (n=50, 43.5%) was the most common complication. The prevalence of neuropathy (n=5, 4.3%, p=0.036) and cardiovascular disease (n=21, 18.3%, p=0.042) were significantly higher in the SMBG group. Conclusion: Although plasma glucose values were significantly lower in the SMBG group, its clinical significance remains questionable. Furthermore, many participants in both the groups had shortfalls in awareness, monitoring, and glycemic control. SMBG use needs to be evaluated in a cohort of patients with T2DM with adequate health awareness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314
Author(s):  
Toni Prasetia ◽  
Firhat Esfandiari ◽  
Sandhy Arya Pratama ◽  
Ikbal Zaenur Ridwan

ABSTRACT: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND HDL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN ARAFAH CLINIC, CENTRAL LAMPUNG Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension can make cells insensitive to insulin, so blood sugar levels can also be disrupted. Dyslipidemia causes constriction in blood vessels or atherosclerosis which can aggravate hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Meanwhile, the function of HDL in transporting bad cholesterol also causes blood vessels to dilate due to increased NO production. Objective: To find out the relationship between systolic blood pressure and HDL cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Arafah Clinic, Central Lampung, 2020. Method: This type of research used in this research is descriptive-analytic with cross-sectional design. The sampling technique was total sampling. Respondents in this study were patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Arafah Clinic in Central Lampung in 2020 Results: Based on the results of the chi-square statistical test, it was found that there was no relationship with the results of p = 0.898 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: There is no correlation between systolic blood pressure and HDL cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Arafah Clinic, Central Lampung in 2020. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus type 2, Systolic Blood Pressure, HDL   INTISARI: HUBUNGAN TEKANAN DARAH SISTOLIK DENGAN KADAR KOLESTEROL HDL PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI KLINIK ARAFAH LAMPUNG TENGAH Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama untuk terjadinya Diabetes Melitus tipe 2, hipertensi dapat membuat sel tidak sensitif terhadap insulin, maka kadar gula di dalam darah juga dapat mengalami gangguan. Dislipidimia menyebabkan terjadinya penyempitan dalam pembuluh darah atau aterosklerosis yang dapat memperberat kondisi hipertensi ataupun diabetes mellitus. Sedangkan fungsi HDL mengangkut kolesterol jahat juga menyebabkan pembuluh darah bisa berdilatasi karena produksi NO yang meningkat.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui Hubungan Antara Tekanan Darah Sistolik dengan Kadar HDL Kolesterol pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah Tahun 2020.Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel berupa total sampling. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic chi-square didapatkan tidak terdapat hubungan dengan hasil p=0,898 (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat Hubungan Antara Tekanan Darah Sistolik dengan Kadar HDL Kolesterol pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Arafah Lampung Tengah tahun 2020. Kata Kunci     : Diabetes Melitus tipe 2, Tekanan Darah Sistolik, HDL


Biomedika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Norma Farizah Fahmi ◽  
Sitti Zahratul Uyuni

Smoking causes an increase in cholesterol in the blood. It is well known that tobacco contains nicotine has a considerable influence on the increase of blood lipid levels. Normally, lipids play an important role in all aspects of biological life, but excessive cholesterol causes changes in lipid composition, induces ROS formation and lipid oxidation. This process can also cause damage to proteins and DNA, changing cellular function, which causes tissue damage. This research using  analytic survey, with analytic cross sectional design with 30 subjects. The mean cholesterol level between tobacco smokers is 210.0 mg / dl and electric smokers is 123.73 mg / dl. The average difference in cholesterol levels among smokers was tested using One way ANOVA, p value = 0.000 (p <0.05). The cholesterol level of the tobacco smoker group was significantly higher when compared to the electronic smoker group.


Author(s):  
Lukong Marie Chantal Suinyuy ◽  
Tembe Estella Fokunang ◽  
Dehayen Mesmin ◽  
Ngo Valery Ngo ◽  
Charles Ntungwen Fokunang

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, and can lead to chronic long-term complications. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Cameroon has been reported at 5.9% in 2017. Studies conducted in 2011, showed that only 41% of patients had a good glycaemic control which was, HbA1c < 6.5. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the treatment intensification with time in T2DM patients in the Yaoundé diabetic Centre in Cameroon. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional analytical study. In a group of T2DM patients followed up at the National Obesity Centre (NOC) with poorly controlled blood sugar (HbA1c ≥ 7%). The treatment intensification and outcome were evaluated between the periods January 2016 to April 2018. The data was collected from patients’ medical booklet and through a face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: One hundred and eleven patients (31 males, 27.9% and 80 females, 72.1%) were recruited. The mean age was between 59 ± 10 years and the mean duration of diabetes 8.6 ± 7.0 years. The patients’ treatment consisted: 1) oral anti-diabetic (OAD) agents, monotherapy (24.3%), bitherapy (28.8%), tritherapy 2.7%, 2) insulin only, 19.8% and 3) insulin mixture, 24.3%. The mean baseline HbA1c was 9.3 ± 2.0%. Within the given follow-up time of 16 [11-21] months, only 40 out of the 111 patients had their treatment intensified and 71 had no intensification (therapeutic inertia) despite poor HbA1c levels. Among the 40 with intensification, 5 had immediate intensification and the proportions according to intensification delay ≤3 months, 3-6 months, 6-12 months and >12 months . Conclusion:     Therapeutic inertia affected two third of our population. Despite the high level of inertia, both patients with intensified treatment and non-intensified treatment reached treatment targets.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar P. ◽  
Santosh R. Goudar ◽  
Prabha Adhikari ◽  
Ibrahim Masoodi ◽  
Sydney Dsouza

Background: There is paucity of data regarding the relationship between the severity of left ventricular dysfunction and renal function impairment in diabetic patients. Aims and objectives was to study the relation between eGFR and ejection fraction in type 2 diabetes mellitus of more than 5 years duration.Methods: This cross sectional was carried out from May 2017 to May 2018 at Yenepoya Medical college a tertiary care center in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. The data on 220 diabetic patients were studied. A detailed clinical history physical examination was carried out on the study population as per the approved proforma. Apart from base line investigations, eGFR was calculated using serum creatinine levels. 2D echocardiography was done for the assessment of ventricular function.Results: Out of 220 patients, 138 were men (63%) and 82 were women (37%) and the mean age of the patients was 59.60±11.145 years. The mean duration of diabetes was 10.08±5.28 years. We found a progressive reduction in ejection fraction from 57.74±9.97% to 50.64±14.7 as the eGFR declined from <90 mL/min/1.73m2 to 30 mL/min/1.73m2. There was significant correlation between eGFR and RWMA (p value 0.001) and LVDD (p value 0.029) in this study cohort. Micro/macroalbuminuria was found to be in 55% of patients. Proteinuria had significant correlation with longer duration of diabetes, blood urea, serum creatinine and eGFR.Conclusions: This study found positive clinical correlation between LVEF and eGFR. However, it did not reach significant levels statistically. Further studies may be carried out to confirm the association.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document