scholarly journals Effects of Height and Plan Geometry on the Costs of Tunnel Form Residential Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Zeynep Yeşim İlerisoy ◽  
Mehmet Emin Tuna
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
The Cost

Tunnel form systems, which are industrialised construction systems developed in the last century, are widely used in reinforced concrete projects. Accurate determination of the costs of the building properties in the design phases of construction with the tunnel form system can lead to lower construction costs. The purpose of this study is to examine the cost variations resulting from changes in geometrical characteristics of buildings in the architectural design phase. The research was carried out on residential projects, which have the biggest share in the construction sector. Six housing projects with different plan geometries were designed, and these projects were examined for nine different numbers of floors. The study aims to reveal the extent to which both the plan shape and the number of floors influence the building costs. During the design phase, recommendations are given for reducing the building costs and finding the optimal form. It has been shown that tunnel form projects are not cost-effective in low-rise buildings and after a certain height. Furthermore, when different geometries are examined, the most economical cost is obtained in square form, and the cost increases as the two dimensions in plan plane move away from each other. As a result, the data obtained from this study will provide a better assessment of the relationship between building properties and unit cost in buildings constructed with tunnel form systems.

scholarly journals How Energy Retrofit Maintenance Affects Residential Buildings Market Value?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umberto Mecca ◽  
Giuseppe Moglia ◽  
Paolo Piantanida ◽  
Francesco Prizzon ◽  
Manuela Rebaudengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Energy Retrofit ◽  
Reference Framework ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Italian Legislation

By now, it is clear the built environment could play an important role in fighting climate change, since it accounts for around 39% of global energy-related carbon emissions. Generally speaking, Italian residential stock is over 50 years old and around 16% of that needs large interventions due to its poor maintenance condition. So, the maintenance in this context can play a pivotal role in acheiving both energy efficiency and asset valorization. Introduced by a reference framework for the question in the title, this paper presents the case study: a portion of a working-class neighborhoods near the metropolitan city of Turin, marked by very recurrent typologies for the period (early seventies). The local real estate market is discussed to investigate the extraordinary maintenance impact on the property values: the paper considers the market value increase due to the energy class upgrade and the external look improvement. Individual owners putting money on this group of works get a very cost-effective investment and take advantage of Italian legislation supporting these kinds of interventions: the whole is greater than the sum of its parts and in turn greater than the cost assumed for the renovation work.

scholarly journals Economic evaluation of Health Extension Program packages in Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246207
Author(s):  
Lelisa Fekadu Assebe ◽  
Wondesen Nigatu Belete ◽  
Senait Alemayehu ◽  
Elias Asfaw ◽  
Kora Tushune Godana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Extension Program ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Extension Program

Background Ethiopia launched the Health Extension Program (HEP) in 2004, aimed at ensuring equitable community-level healthcare services through Health Extension Workers. Despite the program’s being a flagship initiative, there is limited evidence on whether investment in the program represents good value for money. This study assessed the cost and cost-effectiveness of HEP interventions to inform policy decisions for resource allocation and priority setting in Ethiopia. Methods Twenty-one health care interventions were selected under the hygiene and sanitation, family health services, and disease prevention and control sub-domains. The ingredient bottom-up and top-down costing method was employed. Cost and cost-effectiveness were assessed from the provider perspective. Health outcomes were measured using life years gained (LYG). Incremental cost per LYG in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of Ethiopia (US$852.80) was used to ascertain the cost-effectiveness. All costs were collected in Ethiopian birr and converted to United States dollars (US$) using the average exchange rate for 2018 (US$1 = 27.67 birr). Both costs and health outcomes were discounted by 3%. Result The average unit cost of providing selected hygiene and sanitation, family health, and disease prevention and control services with the HEP was US$0.70, US$4.90, and US$7.40, respectively. The major cost driver was drugs and supplies, accounting for 53% and 68%, respectively, of the total cost. The average annual cost of delivering all the selected interventions was US$9,897. All interventions fall within 1 times GDP per capita per LYG, indicating that they are very cost-effective (ranges: US$22–$295 per LYG). Overall, the HEP is cost-effective by investing US$77.40 for every LYG. Conclusion The unit cost estimates of HEP interventions are crucial for priority-setting, resource mobilization, and program planning. This study found that the program is very cost-effective in delivering community health services.

Is High-Flux Dialysis Cost-Effective?

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Hornberger ◽  
Alan M. Garber ◽  
Michael E. Chernew
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Dialysis Session ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Endstage Renal Disease ◽  
The Cost

AbstractHigh-flux dialysis is a new method for providing routine-maintenance hemodialysis to patients with endstage renal disease. It promises to shorten the duration of the dialysis session, but poses potential clinical risks to patients and financial risks to dialysis centers because of the high unit cost of purchasing new dialysis equipment. We retrospectively evaluated the cost-effectiveness of high-flux dialysis compared to conventional dialysis in a hospital-based center. The center provided only conventional dialysis until March 1989, when it initiated high-flux dialysis. The estimated annual costs of treatment were US $31,249 (high-flux) and $32,562 (conventional). The rate of hospital admissions was almost identical in both groups (conventional, 1.29 admissions per year; high-flux, 1.24 admissions per year; p = 0.23). Predicted prolongation of life expectancy with high-flux dialysis was significantly higher after statistical adjustment for observable patient characteristics (1.8 to 4.5 years; p <0.01). The cost-effectiveness ratio was $28,188 per life-year saved for high-flux compared to conventional dialysis. These findings suggest that the added capital expense of purchasing high-flux equipment can be justified from the perspective of its societal cost-effectiveness.

scholarly journals Renovation of apartment buildings with prefabricated modular panels

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalle Kuusk ◽  
Peep Pihelo ◽  
Targo Kalamees
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Grant Scheme ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
The Cost

New recast of the EPBD requires that that Member States shall establish a long-term strategy facilitating the cost-effective transformation of existing buildings into nearly-zero energy buildings. Lack of fund and lack of awareness is often considered to be the main barrier for the renovation. Experiences with renovation grant scheme in Estonia showed that large scale renovation scheme is a challenge to the construction industry and increased demand creates new problems like labour shortage and increased construction costs. Current renovation rate of apartment buildings in Estonia is approximately 200 buildings (~1%) per year. Demand is higher but current renovation technologies makes it difficult to significantly increase the renovation rate. Achieving the deep renovation goals with current technologies would require expansion of the whole construction sector (designers, contactors, material industry), which is difficult to achieve. Therefore, innovation and new technologies are needed. The prefabrication would be one solution to allow automation of the renovation process and renovate the existing housing stock within a reasonable time period.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness of Trametinib Plus Dabrafenib as First-Line Therapy for Metastatic BRAF V600-Mutated Melanoma in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Sun ◽  
Jingwen Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Zhou ◽  
Zhichao Hu ◽  
Zuojun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background: Treatment with trametinib plus dabrafenib for patients exhibiting metastatic BRAF V600-mutated melanoma has been approved in China.Method: We developed a Markov model to evaluate and compare the cost-effectiveness of trametinib plus dabrafenib against vemurafenib. Information on clinical situations, the rate of adverse reactions, follow-up treatments, and estimated transition probabilities were derived from the results of a clinical trial that compared treatment with trametinib plus dabrafenib against vemurafenib alone. A one-way sensitivity analysis and a probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to assess the influence of uncertainty on the key model.Result: Treatment with trametinib plus dabrafenib for one patient in the treatment period was estimated to cost CNY 332 294, and yield a total gain of 16.6 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Compared with vemurafenib, treatment involving trametinib plus dabrafenib yielded additional 3.96 QALYs, resulting in a unit cost-effectiveness of CNY 27 460 per QALY. Sensitivity analysis shows that the results are reliable.Conclusion：From the perspective of China's health system, applying China's per-capita GDP in 2020 as the threshold of willingness-to-pay, it is cost-effective to treat metastatic melanoma patients exhibiting BRAF V600 mutation with dabrafenib plus trametinib.

scholarly journals Energy labeling and the economic viability in residences of the project my house my life

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Thales Tati Gonçalves Vicente ◽  
Elaise Gabriel ◽  
Ursula Maira Maciel Rigon ◽  
Marlon Leão
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cost

The significant increase in the electricity consumption over the past decades by the residential sector has stimulated the creation of initiatives which are aiming the energy efficiency (EE). In addition to laws that were enacted in order to increase EE, it was launched in 2012 the Quality Technical Regulation for Energy Efficiency Level of Residential Buildings (RTQ-R), which it sets parameters to be followed in the labeling of an Autonomous Housing Unit (UH). This research had as objective proposes alternatives to increase the energy efficiency level of a residential complex named My House My Life (Minha Casa Minha Vida - MCMV). Moreover, it was calculated the construction costs and evaluated the economic viability of the investment. Thus, it was evaluated the envelope and the water heating system through prescriptive method. The obtained results classified the current housing as D level and showed that a few changes are needed to reach the level A. Through thermal energy simulation it was determined by the new classification a reduction of 2/3 in electricity consumption. The increase in the construction costs to achieve the level A is lower than the cost savings over the building's lifetime. Currently, the Selic rate of 14.25% unfeasible the investment due to the opportunity cost, becoming feasible with the kWh cost higher than R$ 0.97 or with basic interest rates lower than 9.5%.

scholarly journals A GIS-MCE based model for forest road planning

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Abdi ◽  
B. Majnounian ◽  
A. Darvishsefat ◽  
Z. Mashayekhi ◽  
J. Sessions
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Suitability Map ◽  
Road Planning ◽  
The Cost

One of the cost factors in forest management is the development of road infrastructure. The objective of study was to develop a method using GIS and Multi-criteria Evaluation (MCE) to design a forest road network with the lowest construction cost while maintaining other technical requirements. Six road alternatives meeting technical requirements were developed using PEGGER. Then MCE was used to evaluate the construction costs of the candidate networks. The decision making group identified six factors as being relevant to the costs of forest roads. Then factors were compared in a pair-wise comparison, in the context of the Analytic Hierarchy Process to develop weights of map layers. Then weights and factors were entered into the MCE module to create a final suitability map. The total cost of each alternative was extracted from the suitability map and the unit cost of each alternative was calculated. The results showed that alternatives one and two had the highest and lowest unit costs, respectively. The results illustrated the utility of using GIS and MCE to improve the planning process.

Comparison of U.S. and Swiss Homes and Lifestyles

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Hutzel ◽  
Daphene C. Koch ◽  
Jason M. Kutch ◽  
Rudolf Furter
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
High Level

This case study compared U.S. and Swiss homes with the goal of identifying construction practices that are most beneficial in terms of energy efficiency and life cycle costs. The research was a collaboration between the Departments of Mechanical Engineering Technology (MET) and Building Construction Management (BCM) at Purdue University and The Lucerne University of Applied Arts and Sciences (HTA Lucerne) in Switzerland. The first phase of this project compared U.S. and Swiss approaches to low energy residential buildings. Construction costs and annual energy consumption were estimated using homes with a similar size and layout, but with specific changes to one or more features that affect overall energy use. The results show that a Swiss-style low-energy home is not cost-effective for Indiana in the short term, but could become attractive after a relatively long (40+ year) period of home ownership. Recognizing that technology by itself will not minimize energy consumption, a second part of the project explored cultural norms that influence energy use. A survey of U.S. and Swiss college students was used to compare lifestyles and energy habits. It was found with a high level of confidence that Swiss students are more energy conscious than their U.S. counterparts.

Geotechnical Assessments for Trenchless Water Crossings in Alberta

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinrich K. Heinz ◽  
Trempess Moore ◽  
Simon Cullum-Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Current State ◽  
Field Reconnaissance ◽  
Geotechnical Assessment ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Recent Case Study ◽  
Major River ◽  
The Cost

The use of trenchless methods for pipeline water crossings in the Province of Alberta has grown significantly during the past decade, primarily as a result of increasingly strict water protection regulations. Because the feasibility of using a trenchless method is dependent on subsurface conditions, a geotechnical assessment should be performed during the planning stages. The results of this assessment are used in the selection of the most appropriate crossing method, and to assess the risk of encountering difficulties during construction. A discussion of the current state of practice for geotechnical investigations of trenchless projects in Alberta is initially presented. The importance of a good understanding of the engineering geological framework and associated geological-geotechnical complexities is highlighted. Recommended stages of a geotechnical assessment are described, namely the desk study, the site reconnaissance, and the field exploration, which involves drilling and sampling and geophysical surveys where appropriate. It is described how each stage interacts with, and is dependent on the others. It is noted that because the cost of a field drilling and sampling can be expensive when compared to the construction costs, obtaining as much information as possible during the desk study and field reconnaissance stages is considered to be a cost effective strategy. Drilling and sampling techniques currently used in Alberta are briefly reviewed, including continuous flight and hollow stem augering, wet rotary, and cased down-hole air percussion methods. Emphasis is placed on describing the advantages and limitations of each method. Some of the concepts presented are illustrated through evaluation of a recent case study of a recent major river crossing in Central Alberta.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document