scholarly journals Marlene Laruelle, Russia’s Arctic Strategies and the Future of the Far North (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2014).

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael L. Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Russian Territory ◽  
Far North ◽  
The Future

Of all the World‘s land that sits above the Arctic Circle, 40% is Russian territory. Half of the Arctic coastline is Russia. Three quarters of the Arctic‘s 4 million residents live in Russia, which hosts the two largest population centres, Murmansk and Norilsk (xxxi). The Russian Arctic produces 2/3 of all Arctic GDP (Arctic Human Development Report 2004, 75-76).

NOTES ON SOME ARCTIC COLLEMBOLA

1938 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. James
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Far North ◽  
Southern Shore

The following notes were made from a study of several species of Arctic Coollembola collected by Mr. W. J. Brown, of the Division of Entomology, Ottawa. Mr. Brown accompanied the voyage of the Canadian Arctic Patrol during August and September, 1935. During the trip he was able to collect on the southern shore of Baffin Island, and also well within the Arctic Circle as far north as Ellesmere Island.

scholarly journals Digital Rovaniemi: contemporary and future arctic tourist experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alix Varnajot
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Interpretive Understanding

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate tourists’ representations of the Arctic through the lens of the photo-sharing social network Instagram. The study focuses on the particular tourist experience of crossing the Arctic Circle in Rovaniemi, Finland, as in tourism, it represents the “official” entry to the Arctic. The study also aims at drawing assumptions about the future experiences of crossing the Arctic Circle, with the development of new technologies such as augmented and virtual realities. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered with netnography methodologies on the Instagram social network. The first stage was the observational part and consisted of “lurking” at specific hashtags and locations, both referring to the Arctic Circle in Rovaniemi. Data were gathered in December 2018 and consisted of images and descriptions of Instagram posts published by users between June 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018, so data collection encompassed both summer and winter seasons. The second stage was the analysis part and involved interpretive understanding, and especially phenomenological sociology. Findings Results show that three dominant representations of the Arctic emerge when tourists cross the Arctic Circle. The region is either seen as a frozen fairytale wonderland due to the close proximity of the Christmas industry, as a far and northern destination participating in the realization of the self, and as a territory where summer weather conditions are not necessarily synonymous with the Arctic. In addition, the study acknowledges the future challenges of conceptualizing “Arctic tourism” due to the development of virtual reality technologies that could provide immersive Arctic experiences outside the region. Originality/value The paper investigates connections between social media studies and tourist experiences in the Arctic context. It also questions the future of Arctic tourist experiences with the development of new technologies enhancing experiences and, thus, potentially threatening the exceptionalism of the Arctic and what makes the region a unique tourism destination.

III—The Voyage of Sputnik

1958 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
J. G. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Antarctic

The Russian Sputnik travels rather faster than the Mayflower or even a transatlantic racing yacht, and the launching of this artificial satellite is truly a wonderful achievement. I want to tell you why I think so, and what it means for the future.The satellite, which was launched on 3 October, has already made 300 revolutions about the Earth. Its speed is about 17,000 miles/hour, which is about 280 miles a minute, and it makes one revolution about the Earth in 96 minutes—that is, 15 revolutions a day. Its track is inclined to the equator at an angle of about 65 degrees, so that at one time it goes up to the Arctic Circle, and at the other end of its path down to the Antarctic.

The three waves of Arctic urbanisation. Drivers, evolutions, prospects

Polar Record ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Laruelle
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Public Services ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Near Future

AbstractThe 2014 Arctic Human Development Report identified “Arctic settlements, cities, and communities” as one of the main gaps in knowledge of the region. This article looks at circumpolar urbanisation trends. It dissociates three historical waves of Arctic urbanisation: from the sixteenth century to the early twentieth century (the “colonial” wave), from the 1920s to the 1980s in the specific case of the Soviet urbanisation of the Arctic (the “Soviet” wave), and from the 1960s−70s to the present as a circumpolar trend (the “globalized” wave). It then discusses the three drivers of the latest urbanisation wave (resources, militarisation, and public services) and the prospects for Arctic cities’ sustainability in the near future.

Caribou and reindeer migrations in the changing Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
Kyle Joly ◽  
Anne Gunn ◽  
Steeve D. Côté ◽  
Manuela Panzacchi ◽  
Jan Adamczewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Terrestrial Species ◽  
The Future ◽  
Migratory Routes

Abstract Caribou and reindeer, Rangifer tarandus, are the most numerous and socio-ecologically important terrestrial species in the Arctic. Their migrations are directly and indirectly affected by the seasonal nature of the northernmost regions, human development and population size; all of which are impacted by climate change. We review the most critical drivers of Rangifer migration and how a rapidly changing Arctic may affect them. In order to conserve large Rangifer populations, they must be allowed free passage along their migratory routes to reach seasonal ranges. We also provide some pragmatic ideas to help conserve Rangifer migrations into the future.

Crop production in the Soviet Arctic

Polar Record ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Richens
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Far North ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Economic Considerations

The northern limit of agriculture depends not on physiographical conditions but on economic considerations. This truism is frequently emphasized by Soviet writers, who point out that it is possible to provide the requisite conditions for plant life at any point on the earth's surface. What determines whether or not a crop is to be grown is the extent to which agriculturalists are willing to provide the plant with its appropriate environment. The latter very rarely coincides with the natural environment, and in some cases, as in the far north, may differ greatly from it. The following survey attempts to outline the extent to which Soviet agriculturalists have gone in providing plants with suitable growing conditions north of the arctic circle. The question whether the objective of arctic agriculture, food and fodder for the arctic zone, could not be realized more conveniently by transporting produce from a milder clime, will also be discussed.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF ENSURING ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY BY INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES UNDER THE ARCTIC ZONE CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Valeriia I. Pilipenko ◽  
Marina S. Vlasova ◽  
Tatyana B. Algina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Far North

Ensuring regional environmental and economic security is one of the priorities of the state. The problems of sustainable development of regions and their industrial complexes are considered by many scientists, however, insufficient attention is paid to the analysis of the sustainability of industrial enterprises in the Arctic zone (AZ) and their impact on the ecological and economic security of the region. Many of the problems of theoretical and methodological support for improving this security remain underestimated. For industrial enterprises of the Far North as a part of AZ, it is necessary to use a special approach to the development of methodological aspects of ensuring environmental and economic security due to the significant role that entrepreneurial activity has in the socio-economic development of the region and in the environmental situation.The purpose of the research is the formation of a mechanism to ensure the environmental and economic security of the Russian Arctic zone (RAZ), as a region where industrial enterprises operate. The object of the research was the ecological and economic security of the region of the Arctic zone, which exists in the modern conditions of globalization of the economy and the increasing influence of geopolitical factors. The subject of the study was a set of problems of a theoretical, methodical and applied nature, related to the development and implementation of a model for the development of industrial enterprises in the Arctic zone. The factors limiting the development of industrial enterprises of the Far North are formulated. A system of indicators for the sustainable development of industrial enterprises and the environmental and economic security of the region of the Arctic zone of Russia is proposed. The interrelation of indicators of the development of industrial enterprises of the Arctic zone with the conditions of the external economic environment has been revealed, which made it possible to conclude that the structure of industrial production in the regions of the Russian Arctic is distorted. This, in turn, necessitates the formation of maritime clusters and the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the industrial sector. A comparative description of the key areas of state regulation of industrial enterprises in foreign and domestic practice has been carried out. The recommendations of the possible use (adaptation) of international experience in the Russian Arctic are formulated. 

scholarly journals Ethnocultural Communities in Archival Films: Vladimir Erofeev’s “Beyond the Arctic Circle”

2020 ◽  
pp. 705-718
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Golovnev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Ethnographic Film ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
Revolutionary Romanticism ◽  
Frontier Region

At the turn of the 1930s, the Soviet film industry produced for the wide screen many educational films about the life of remote regions of the country, allowing the audience to make a virtual journey through the multi-structured multinational Union of the SSR. The article is to introduce Vladimir Erofeev’s archival ethnographic film “Beyond the Arctic Circle” (1927), an assembled film about the “exotic” frontier region of the Far North. The socio-political and cultural-ideological context of the film creation is being analyzed. The author concludes that Vladimir Erofeev’s concept of documental film was radically different from that of Dziga Vertov (poetical Constructionism) or of Mikhail Kalatozov (revolutionary romanticism) or of Nikolai Lebedev (ideology journalism). The method consistently used by Vladimir Erofeev when creating his documentary films involved systematic study of source material and its retranslation in cinema; it thus may be called “anthropological newsreel.” Due to the specifics of silent cinema, the film “Beyond the Arctic Circle” is a kind of visual text consisting of approximately the same number of film images and captions alternating in a narration. The film is built as a sequence of episodes describing the geography and ethnography of distinctive North-Eastern outskirts of the country. In the course of the study it becomes obvious that this film is to the utmost a documental film / chronicle, which distinguishes it from many propaganda films of the Soviet period. The source base of the research is little-known archival film and photo sources, as well as data from the Soviet periodicals and excerpts from the theoretical heritage of the film director Vladimir Erofeev. The method discovered by Vladimir Erofeev, while working on the “Beyond the Arctic Circle” film, amount to combining research and creative approach, and thus his film conveys not just information about the events, but also provides their visual and emotional context, the vital “feeling” of the North. This is a case-study providing historical and anthropological analysis of the Far North image in the Soviet documentary. No wonder that the film “Beyond the Arctic Circle” has broken the framework of purely enlightening narrative and become an outstanding phenomenon in the cinema art and a significant experience of visual anthropology in the Soviet period, as well as a multi-layered historical source that has not lost its relevance for contemporary scientific research.

scholarly journals Soviet experience of development of the Soviet Arctic in view of modern problems. Review of Zubkov K.I., Karpov V.P. Development of the Russian Arctic: Soviet experience in the context of current national strategy (on the example of the Ural Far North and Western Siberia). Moscow: Political encyclopedia, 2019. 367 p.

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
M.G. Agapov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Far North ◽  
The Arctic Region ◽  
Soviet Experience

Discussed in this review are the results of the research presented in the monograph of specialists in North-ern studies K.I. Zubkov and V.P. Karpov «Development of the Russian Arctic: Soviet experience in the context of current national strategy (on the example of the Ural Far North and Western Siberia)». The reviewer notes that, in general, the study follows the pattern of state-centrism, teleologism and geopolitical alarmism typical for modern Russian Arctic historiography. Among the most important theses of the authors of this peer-reviewed monograph, are the following ones: (1) the transport and economic development was the basis of the Russian / Soviet Arctic exploration program; (2) the Soviet strategy of the Far North development dictated mainly the technocratic and commodity character of the territory exploitation; (3) modern Russia inherits the definition of the priorities of the state policy in the Arctic Region from the Soviet Union and relies on the territorial and production complexes cre-ated back in the USSR. The reviewer expresses serious doubts about the scientific productivity of the classic geopolitical paradigm used by the authors of the monograph: geared towards large-scale generalizations, it is simply unable to capture the full range of contradictions arising in the process of exploration of the Arctic Region. Hence the authors’ tendency to present the entire process of Arctic Region exploration as predetermined, while in reality the history of the Russian Arctic Region colonization is full of collisions; it is more intermittent than consis-tent. In particular, draws attention the constant reproduction of the same topoi in the rhetoric of Arctic Region ex-ploration. For example, from age to age, it has been repeated that the Northern Sea Route is just about to be-come the largest transnational waterway. The reviewer notes the ambiguity of practical recommendations of the authors. Thus, repeatedly expressing the idea of Russia’s interest in the international cooperation in the develop-ment of the Arctic, the authors are concerned to the same extent that foreign partners may force Russia out of the region. The review is aimed at opening a debate on approaches to understanding the Soviet experience in the Arctic Region development.

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