scholarly journals The Efficacy of Polycaprolactone Threads in Zygomatic and Mandibular Lifting: Consecutive Study from a Single Practitioner’s Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Eyelid Skin ◽  
The Face

The ageing process brings with it characteristic changes to the dermal facial skin scaffolding, and it’s fat component. Connective tissue of the skin begins to wear thin, and elastic fibers undergo a collapse, causing noticeable weakening in prominent facial regions such as the cheeks, eyebrows, mandibular area and neck [1]. It is the dermatocalasis of facial and neck soft tissues, including the Superficial Muscular Aponeurotic System (SMAS), and the muscular tissue, that is culpable for the distinctive signs of ageing of the face [2]. Of all the facial ageing signs, emphasis can be placed on; The profile of the mandibular margin (which lacks previous clarity) resulting in the down-ageing of the jaw line, The presence of horizontal wrinkles on the forehead at which vertical ones add on to at the glabellar area, A downward sliding of the zygomatic malar region (middle face) being observed, The appearance of the lachrymal furrow and deepening of the naso-buccal and mandibularbucco areas, The production of adipose bubbles resulting in the eyelid skin becoming saggy and protruding in correlation to the lower eyelid and Plasmatic parcel and cutaneous flabbiness disappearing from around the neck region [3].

scholarly journals Spontaneous perforation of the stomach and duodenum in children with Ehlers‑Danlos syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
M. A. Amanova ◽  
A. N. Smirnov ◽  
V. V. Kholostova ◽  
A. G. Mannanov ◽  
S. A. Voina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽  
Vascular Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rupture Of The Spleen ◽  
Danlos Syndrome

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is based on hereditary systemic dysfunction of the connective tissue caused by impaired collagen synthesis. Depending on the individual mutation, the clinical manifestations of the syndrome can range from mild to life-threatening. The result of a violation of collagen synthesis is the proliferation of elastic fibers, loss of compactness and disorientation of collagen fibers, fragility of the vessel wall and expansion of their lumen. And, given that connective tissue fibers are present in almost every organ, the manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are polymorphic and generalized, which often complicates the verification of this disease. The most clinically important is the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome IV (vascular) type, which occurs as a result of mutations in the COL3A1 and COL1A1 genes and manifests itself in a tendency to spontaneous rupture of large arteries and hollow organs (intestinal perforation, strokes, rupture of the spleen, etc.), poor wound healing, fragility soft tissues, impaired hemostasis. The article describes our own experience of treating 4 patients with spontaneous ruptures of internal organs, including those of a recurrent nature.

Periorbital, lower face, and neck

2021 ◽  
pp. 1379-1398
Author(s):  
Norman Waterhouse ◽  
Naresh Noshi ◽  
Niall Kirkpatrick ◽  
Lisa Brendling
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Upper Face ◽  
Fat Pads

Facial ageing occurs as a consequence of multifactorial changes in both the external skin and underlying tissues. The ageing process may vary dramatically between individual patients and is thus influenced by genetic factors. When assessing the ageing face it is important to consider the skeletal architecture, the soft tissue layers including the anterior fat pads, the osseocutaneous ligament anchors, and finally the overlying skin. Assessment of the external skin incorporates factors such as dermal thinning, solar damage, lifestyle effects such as smoking, and Fitzpatrick skin type. Surgical correction of facial ageing attempts to reverse both gravitational change of soft tissues and also to restore volume loss. There are a variety of methods used to divide the face into regions, but for the purpose of this chapter, the surgical management of facial ageing will be separated into three anatomical areas: (1) upper face, including the upper eyelids, eyebrows, and forehead; (2) midface, including the lower eyelid/anterior cheek continuum; and (3) lower and lateral cheek, neck, and perioral region

Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma of the parotid gland

1986 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Manning ◽  
A. Kevin Raymond ◽  
John G. Batsakis
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Unusual Site ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
The Face

The first reported case of an extraosseous osteogenic carcinoma of the parotid gland is presented. The head and neck region is an unusual site for these unusual neoplasms, with approximately 5 per cent of all extraosseous osteogenic sarcomas originating in the soft tissues of the face and neckThe neoplasms may arise after a latent period following radiation therapy. The majority, however, arise de novo. As a group, extraosseous osteogenic sarcomas are very aggressive and lethal neoplasms with an average 5-year survival of 15.6 per cent (Rao et al., 1978)

Effects of Topical Mandelic Acid Treatment on Facial Skin Viscoelasticity

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (06) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Jacobs ◽  
Eric Culbertson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Eyelid Skin ◽  
Facial Plastic ◽  
Acid Formulation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Skin Quality

AbstractMandelic acid is an α-hydroxy acid with reported benefit in treating acne and hyperpigmentation. The authors have developed a topical mandelic acid formulation that subjectively improves the quality of aged skin. Although the gold standard for assessing outcomes, photographic documentation is limited by subjective interpretation. Tools for measuring physical skin properties allow for an objective assessment of changes in skin quality. The authors sought to objectively study the viscoelastic changes to the skin following treatment with topical mandelic acid, using the Cutometer MPA 580. Twenty-four patients, twenty females and four males, aged 42 to 68 years, were studied over a four-week period. Mandelic acid was applied topically to the face twice a day for four weeks. The lower eyelid skin viscoelastic properties were assessed weekly using the Cutometer. After four weeks of topical mandelic acid treatment, the elasticity of lower eyelid skin increased 25.4% (P = .003). Skin firmness increased 23.8% (P = .029). Improvement in photographic appearance correlated with these findings. Mandelic acid is another topical treatment option for improving skin quality, and is well tolerated by patients. The authors feel that the Cutometer or similar device should be used routinely in facial plastic surgery to objectively assess outcomes of various treatment modalities.

scholarly journals CALCIFICATION OF ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS: CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
V. К. Кazymyrko ◽  
Т. S. Silantieva ◽  
L. N. Іvanitska ◽  
А. G. Dubkova ◽  
V. V. Кutovyi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Tissue Calcification

The paper shows analogies between the mechanisms of calcification of arteries, various tissues and bone mineralization. In calcification the same mechanisms are involved, as at ossification of an organic matrix of a bone, including participation of stem cells. In the arteries and capillaries of various organs found polypotent precursors – mesenchymal stem cells, presumably responsible for the pathological mineralization of the arterial wall. Circulating in the blood and present in the intima of the human atheromatous aorta colony-forming stem cells of the stromal line of differentiation. Adventitia cells or pericytes are considered as a pluripotent mesenchymal reserve for replenishment of some cellular forms of connective tissue. Bone marrow stem cells of the stromal line of differentiation with the presence of pluripotent stromal cells in the blood and granulomas (plaques) and their transformation into bone tissue cells are involved in atherogenesis. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and myofibroblasts of the arterial wall adventitia have an osteoblast-like phenotype. Collagen and elastic fibers are involved in the calcification of blood vessels and soft tissues. Calcification of granulomas (plaques) accompanies their inflammatory morphogenesis, accompanied by the development of scar tissue. It often accompanies and completes the inflammation in them. This process is observed with the gradual replacement of the parenchyma of some organs with connective tissue. The mineral phase in bones and soft tissues, represented by calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P), contacts with nucleators - specific areas of collagen fibers. Non-collagen proteins are also involved in arterial calcification. With the progression of atherosclerosis and calcification of granulomas/plaques by cells present in the arterial wall, osteonectin is expressed. Osteopontin content is associated with Ca deposits in them; in particular, it correlates with the Ca level in the coronary arteries. In the processes of ossification and calcification, phosphatases play a certain role. In areas of calcification of granulomas/plaques, osteoprotegerin is found, which inhibits the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the aorta and prevents calcification of the media. Arterial wall calcification and inflammation are inhibited by fetuin-A and matrix γ-carboxyglutaric protein (MGP). The rate of bone formation and tissue calcification depends on the concentration of Ca and P in plasma and extracellular fluid. With their high concentration in the extracellular fluid, the mineral phase appears where it normally does not exist. Lipids are among the initiators of granuloma / plaque calcification in the arteries. The role of inflammation and necrosis in the calcification of the arteries is confirmed by experiments on animals with repeated intravenous injections of adrenaline, which causes focal necrosis of the middle membrane, which then undergoes calcification. In arterial walls, heart muscle, bone and cartilage tissue, osteonectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein are often formed. In general, the mechanisms of arterial and soft tissue calcification are poorly understood. There are no effective remedies for calcification.

Face-Lifting Techniques

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E.E. Holck ◽  
Joel Kopelman
Keyword(s):  
Skin Flap ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Nasolabial Fold ◽  
Eyelid Skin ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mimetic Muscles ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Nasolabial Folds ◽  
Lifting Techniques

Facial rhytidectomy is a rejuvenative surgical procedure designed to improve the aging changes in the lower third of the face and neck. It can significantly improve jowling, the jaw line, and the portion of the neck from the hyoid bone to the jaw line (the cervicomental angle). It is less successful at improving the midface or nasolabial folds. Rhytidectomy optimizes the age-appropriate aesthetic but does not stop the normal aging progression after surgery. While a wellperformed rhytidectomy is extremely gratifying for both patient and surgeon, it is elective and invasive, with prolonged rehabilitation and potential morbidity. Complications are poorly tolerated, and therefore pitfalls should be meticulously avoided. Fundamental steps in facial rhytidectomy include incision planning, skin flap dissection, addressing the superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS) and platysma, liposuction or direct lipectomy, skin redraping, and wound closure. These are standard in lower-third facial and neck rejuvenation. Face lifting is an imperfect procedure: the surgeon takes advantage of camouflaged incisions and healing patterns to obtain optimal rejuvenation. The facial anatomy of the lower third of the face and neck is complex but may be best viewed in a layered approach. Facial skin varies in thickness, with eyelid skin being the thinnest and cheek skin the thickest. The skin of the face is nourished via a dermal plexus, which must be maintained in rhytidectomy surgery. Beneath the skin lies facial subcutaneous fat. This fat is lobulated and enclosed by fibrous septa, which connect the superficial fascia to the dermis. The thickest portion of subcutaneous fat is the malar fat pad, bounded by the infraorbital rim above, the nasolabial fold medially, and the zygomaticus major muscle laterally. Minimal subcutaneous fat is located in the lower eyelid region and in the perioral region. Below the level of the subcutaneous fat is the SMAS. This fibromuscular sheet is continuous with the superficial temporalis fascia and galea cranially and the platysma muscle caudally. The SMAS envelops and connects the superficial mimetic muscles to the dermis, expanding the range of facial expression to the skin via distribution of force.

Pengoptimalan Air Leri dalam Pembuatan Sabun Pembersih Wajah Alami yang Ekonomis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Trimayasari Trimayasari ◽  
Ghozali Akhmad Mustaqim ◽  
Wening Dwi Prastiwi ◽  
Emas Agus Prastyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Ultraviolet Rays ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
The Face ◽  
Made In

AbstractSoap facial cleanser is needed to keep the facial skin to keep them clean and healthy. The purpose of this study to make soap cleanser with natural materials such as hard water deposits leri. This is because the use of leri water starch or starch granules of fine particles contained in water leri dansel dust can shed the dead skin on the face because of the essential amino acids contained can regenerate skin cells. In addition, water leri can brighten the face because the leri water oryzanol contain substances that can update the development and formation of the pigment melanin, which is effectively to ward off ultraviolet rays. The process of making soap using the principle of saponification reaction, namely the reaction between the oil and the KOH/NaOH. Facial cleansing soap made in this study is solid soap. Based on the results of quality test, soap solid leri water has a pH of 11.1, saponification number is 33, the water content of 46% as well as respondents to the test aspects of aroma and foam shows good results so this water leri treatment can be an alternative solution to prevent the use of soap facial cleansers that contain harmful chemicals. Keywords: air leri, soap cleanser, saponification  AbstrakSabun pembersih wajah sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga kulit wajah agar tetap bersih dan sehat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membuat sabun pembersih wajah dengan bahan alami berupa endapan air leri. Penggunaan air leri ini dikarenakan butiran partikel starch atau pati halus yang terdapat dalam air leri dapat merontokkan debu dansel kulit mati pada wajah karena asam amino esensial yang terkandung dapat meregenerasi sel-sel kulit. Selain itu, air leri dapat mencerahkan wajah karena air leri mengandung zat oryzanol yang dapat memperbarui perkembangan dan pembentukan pigmen melanin, yang efektif guna menangkal sinar ultraviolet. Proses pembuatan sabun menggunakan prinsip reaksi saponifikasi, yaitu reaksi antara minyak dan KOH/NaOH. Sabun pembersih wajah yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini ialah sabun padat. Berdasarkan hasil uji mutu, sabun air leri padat memiliki pH 11,1, angka penyabunan sebesar 33 kadar air 46 kadar air 46 % serta uji responden terhadap aspek aroma dan busa yang menunjukkan hasil cukup baik sehingga pengolahan air leri ini dapat menjadi solusi alternative untuk mencegah penggunaan sabun pembersih wajah yang mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya. Kata kunci: air leri, sabun pembersih wajah, saponifikasi 

Cephalometric features of connective tissue dysplasia manifestation in children and adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Davydov ◽  
D. A. Domenyuk ◽  
S. V. Dmitrienko ◽  
T. A. Kondratyeva ◽  
Yu. S. Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Short Branch ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Face ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Brain Parts

Relevance. The high prevalence of dysplastic disorders involving connective tissue, and its negative effecton the development of dentoalveolar anomalies, carious and non-carious lesions of the teeth, periodontopathy, temporomandibular joint issues in the child population, lay the basis for improving diagnostics algorithms. Enhancing the already available standards is of greatest importance for children at the initial stages of diagnostics when evaluating the external signs of dysplastic disorders.Purpose – improving diagnostics algorithms for connective tissue dysplasia (CTD) in children in primary dental care facilities based on the evaluation of external phenotype signs and maxillofacial morphological features.Materials and methods. Depending on the external phenotype manifestations severity, as well as on laboratory, clinical and instrumental signs, the 92 children with CTD were divided into groups with mild, moderate and severe degrees of undifferentiated dysplasia. Gnathometric and biometric examinations of the maxillofacial area were performed through traditional methods, whereas the diagnosis was set following the generally accepted classifications. The diagnosis confirmation implied evaluation through cone beam computed imaging.Results. The nature and the intensity of morphofunctional disorders in the craniofacial structures (“small” stigmas) depend on the severity of connective tissue dysplastic disorders.Conclusions. The change direction vector in the facial and brain parts of cranium in children with CTD is aimed at increasing hypoplastic tendencies and dolichocephalia, proof to that being the following constitutional and morphological features: the prevalence of the vertical type of face skeleton growth over the horizontal and neutral ones; a convex face profile with a disproportionate general heights of the face skeleton; reduction of latitudinal with an increase in altitude facial parameters; a narrow short branch of the lower jaw; the upper jaw displaced downwards and forward; a decrease in the size of the apical basis of the lower dentition, the lower jaw body, as well as the height and width of the lower jaw branches. 

scholarly journals The Symmetric 3D Organization of Connective Tissue around Implant Abutment: A Key-Issue to Prevent Bone Resorption

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
Francesca Di Lillo ◽  
Michele Furlani ◽  
Marco Degidi ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Oral Epithelium ◽  
Implant Abutment

Symmetric and well-organized connective tissues around the longitudinal implant axis were hypothesized to decrease early bone resorption by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Previous studies that referred to the connective tissue around implant and abutments were based on two-dimensional investigations; however, only advanced three-dimensional characterizations could evidence the organization of connective tissue microarchitecture in the attempt of finding new strategies to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration. We retrieved three implants with a cone morse implant–abutment connection from patients; they were investigated by high-resolution X-ray phase-contrast microtomography, cross-linking the obtained information with histologic results. We observed transverse and longitudinal orientated collagen bundles intertwining with each other. In the longitudinal planes, it was observed that the closer the fiber bundles were to the implant, the more symmetric and regular their course was. The transverse bundles of collagen fibers were observed as semicircular, intersecting in the lamina propria of the mucosa and ending in the oral epithelium. No collagen fibers were found radial to the implant surface. This intertwining three-dimensional pattern seems to favor the stabilization of the soft tissues around the implants, preventing inflammatory cell apical migration and, consequently, preventing bone resorption and implant failure. This fact, according to the authors’ best knowledge, has never been reported in the literature and might be due to the physical forces acting on fibroblasts and on the collagen produced by the fibroblasts themselves, in areas close to the implant and to the symmetric geometry of the implant itself.

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