scholarly journals At A Glance On Kothala himbutu

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Reduce Insulin Resistance ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Kothala himbutu (Salacia reticulate; SR) is a very useful medicinal plant in Sri Lanka and the southern region of India. SR contains salacinol and kotalanol neosalacinol and neokotalanol which can isolated from the Salacia species by using iron pair chromatography [1& 2]. It is a woody climber and widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for diabetes and obesity treatment. Previously, the action of SR for diabetes is not described properly. Researchers tried to explore the effect of SR and found that it has an alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity in invitro study. Moreover, SR may increase lipolysis and reduce insulin resistance by enhancing mRNA expression for hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adiponectin [3].

Produksi Dan Ekstraksi Inhibitor Alfa Glukosidase Dari Isolat Aktinomiset Jp-3

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Sri Pujiyanto ◽  
Rejeki Siti Ferniah ◽  
Sunarno S
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Complex Carbohydrates ◽  
Diabetes Drug ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are compounds that can prevent the digestion of complex carbohydrates into glucose, so potentially used as a diabetes drug. This study aims to examine the production and extraction of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor compound from Isolate Aktinomiset JP-3 from the sea. The supernatant obtained from the culture of the JP-3 isolate was extracted using various solvents to obtain the active compound. The solvents used were chloroform, methanol, and ethyl acetate. An assay of inhibitor activity of the α-glucosidase using p-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside substrate. The activity of the enzyme is measured based on the absorbance of p-nitrophenol produced from the breaking reaction of the substrate. The results showed that extraction of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor compound with ethyl acetate yielded extract with highest inhibitor activity. Keywords: alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, actinomycetes, diabetes, extraction, fractionation

scholarly journals Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor Voglibose Suppresses Azoxymethane-Induced Colonic Preneoplastic Lesions in Diabetic and Obese Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Kato ◽  
Yohei Shirakami ◽  
Taku Mizutani ◽  
Masaya Kubota ◽  
Hiroyasu Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related insulin resistance are known to increase the risk of cancer. Anti-diabetic agents can improve insulin resistance and may lead to the suppression of carcinogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor voglibose on the development of azoxymethane-induced colorectal pre-neoplastic lesions in obese and diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. The direct effects of voglibose on the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells were also evaluated. Mice were injected with azoxymethane to induce colorectal pre-malignancy and were then administered drinking water with or without voglibose. At the end of the study, the administration of voglibose significantly suppressed the development of colorectal neoplastic lesions. In voglibose-treated mice, serum glucose levels, oxidative stress, as well as mRNA expression of the insulin-like growth factor-1 in the colon mucosa, were reduced. The proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells was not altered by voglibose. These results suggested that voglibose suppressed colorectal carcinogenesis in a diabetes- and obesity-related colorectal cancer model, presumably by improving inflammation via the reduction of oxidative stress and suppressing of the insulin-like growth factor/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor axis in the colonic mucosa.

Hormone-sensitive lipase knockout mice have increased hepatic insulin sensitivity and are protected from short-term diet-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and heart

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (1) ◽  
pp. E30-E39 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Young Park ◽  
Hyo-Jeong Kim ◽  
Shupei Wang ◽  
Takamasa Higashimori ◽  
Jianying Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Fat Feeding

Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and heart plays a major role in the development of type 2 diabetes and diabetic heart failure and may be causally associated with altered lipid metabolism. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a rate-determining enzyme in the hydrolysis of triglyceride in adipocytes, and HSL-deficient mice have reduced circulating fatty acids and are resistant to diet-induced obesity. To determine the metabolic role of HSL, we examined the changes in tissue-specific insulin action and glucose metabolism in vivo during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps after 3 wk of high-fat or normal chow diet in awake, HSL-deficient (HSL-KO) mice. On normal diet, HSL-KO mice showed a twofold increase in hepatic insulin action but a 40% decrease in insulin-stimulated cardiac glucose uptake compared with wild-type littermates. High-fat feeding caused a similar increase in whole body fat mass in both groups of mice. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was reduced by 50–80% in skeletal muscle and heart of wild-type mice after high-fat feeding. In contrast, HSL-KO mice were protected from diet-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and heart, and these effects were associated with reduced intramuscular triglyceride and fatty acyl-CoA levels in the fat-fed HSL-KO mice. Overall, these findings demonstrate the important role of HSL on skeletal muscle, heart, and liver glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Association between Dietary Pattern and Insulin Resistance

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Manal Murad ◽  
Abdullah Al Alhareth ◽  
Mohammed Alnassir ◽  
Haifa Alkheledan ◽  
Arafah Alsayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Enhance Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
High Protein Diets

The current evidence supports the fact that obesity is directly involved in a significant correlation with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many studies have been published to report the role of many micronutrients, including carbohydrate, lipids and proteins which enhance or worsen the sensitivity of insulin. Thus, this literature review aims to assess the potential association between the different dietary components and insulin resistance based on the findings from the current studies in the literature. It has been suggested that replacing the consumption of fructose with other carbohydrates substances as fibers and starch might reduce such events and enhance insulin sensitivity as these substances pass intact through the gastrointestinal tract to the colon where they begin to be fermented. Additionally, carbohydrates substances reduce the utilization of free fatty acids by enhancing G-coupling through inhibition of the hormone-sensitive lipase, while the effect of overconsumption of glucose and fructose on insulin resistance is still controversial. Moreover, the quality of lipids is far more important than the quantity. Therefore, frequent ingestion of vegetable oils is suggested to enhance the sensitivity. As for proteins, high protein diets have been proposed for their useful effects. However, they should be carefully described to avoid their potential adverse events.

The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol affects bile acid metabolism and ameliorates obesity and insulin resistance in diabetic mice

Metabolism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoji Hamada ◽  
Hiroshi Nagasaki ◽  
Masahiro Fuchigami ◽  
Shinji Furuta ◽  
Yusuke Seino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA REMAJA OBES DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novelina Irianti Damanik ◽  
Aaltje E. Manampiring ◽  
Fatimawali .
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Grade One

Abstract: Obesity is a condition with abnormal fat accumulation or excessive adipose tissue that can be detrimental to health. Central obesity has a strong correlation with insulin resistance. In a state of insulin resistance hormone sensitive lipase in adipose tissue becomes active so that triglycerides in adipose tissue lipolysis increases. Therefore, insulin resistance occurs abnormalities of serum lipid profiles a typical triglyceride levels increased. The purpose of this study was to describe the levels of triglycerides in obese adolescents in Tondano City. Cross-sectional study has been done in August 2012- January 2013 with population of the student in the SMK Negeri in Tondano city, from grade one to grade three were aged 13-18 years with a simple random sampling as the technique of sampling. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference and triglyceride levels examinations have been made. Obesity is declared if it meets the following criterias: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, waist circumference > 90 cm for men and > 80 cm for women. Triglyceride levels increased when ≥ 150 mg / dl. Found in 54 samples of patients with obesity. 54 obese patients were consist of female (43 samples, 79.63%), men (11 samples, 20.37%). 54 samples were measured, eight samples had elevated levels of triglycerides are women (7 samples, 88%) and men (1 samples, 12%). Conclusion of this study found that obese women have experienced more elevated triglyceride levels than obese men. These results may be useful for prevention and treatment of obesity and elevated triglyceride levels in the early teens. Key words: adolescent, obesity, triglyceride.     Abstrak: Obesitas merupakan suatu keadaan dengan akumulasi lemak yang tidak normal atau berlebihan di jaringan adiposa sehingga dapat mengganggu kesehatan. Obesitas sentral mempunyai korelasi yang kuat dengan resistensi insulin. Pada keadaan resistensi insulin hormone sensitive lipase di jaringan adiposa akan menjadi aktif sehingga lipolisis trigliserida di jaringan adiposa semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu pada resistensi insulin terjadi kelainan profil lipid serum yang khas yaitu kadar trigliserida meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar trigliserida pada remaja obes di Kota Tondano. Penelitian potong lintang di lakukan Agustus 2012- Januari 2013 dengan populasi siswa SMK Negeri di Kota Tondano dari kelas satu sampai kelas tiga yang berumur 13-18 tahun dengan teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling. Dilakukan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar pinggang dan pemeriksaan kadar trigliserida. Obesitas dinyatakan apabila memenuhi kriteria sebagai berikut: IMT ≥25 kg/m2, lingkar pinggang >90 cm untuk laki-laki dan >80 cm untuk perempuan. Kadar trigliserida meningkat apabila ≥150 mg/dl. Didapatkan 54 sampel penderita obesitas. 54 penderita obesitas adalah perempuan (43 sampel; 79,63%), laki-laki (11 sampel; 20,37%). 54 sampel yang diukur, 8 sampel yang mengalami peningkatan kadar trigliserida yaitu perempuan (7 sampel; 88%) dan laki-laki (1 sampel; 12%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini didapatkan perempuan yang obesitas lebih banyak mengalami peningkatan kadar trigliserida di bandingkan laki-laki yang obesitas. Hasil ini dapat berguna untuk tindakan pencegahan dan tatalaksana obesitas serta peningkatan kadar trigliserida pada remaja sejak dini. Kata kunci: remaja, obesitas, trigliserida.

scholarly journals Effect of diet on fat cell size and hormone-sensitive lipase activity

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Berger ◽  
R. James Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
The Relationship

This study was designed to examine the relationship between diet-induced insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, fat cell hypertrophy, and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) to elucidate whether an attenuated HSL activity leads to obesity. Female Fischer 344 rats were fed either a low-fat, complex-carbohydrate diet or a high-fat, refined-sugar (HFS) diet for 2 wk, 2 mo, or 6 mo. Adipose tissue morphology and HSL activity as well as plasma free fatty acid and glycerol levels were determined at these times. No differences between groups were seen after 2 wk except the previously reported hyperinsulinemia in the HFS animals. At both 2 and 6 mo, the HFS animals demonstrated adipocyte hypertrophy. Basal and stimulated HSL activities and plasma glycerol were significantly elevated in the HFS group. There was a positive correlation between adipocyte size and HSL activity for both basal and stimulated states. These results demonstrate that an attenuated HSL activity is not observed with the onset of insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia and therefore does not play a role in the development of obesity.

scholarly journals Genetics of the metabolic syndrome

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (S1) ◽  
pp. S39-S48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Groop
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

The clustering of cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance in the same persons has been called the metabolic or insulin-resistance syndrome. In 1998 WHO proposed a unifying definition for the syndrome and chose to call it the metabolic syndrome rather than the insulin-resistance syndrome. Although insulin resistance has been considered as a common denominator for the different components of the syndrome, there is still debate as to whether it is pathogenically involved in all of the different components of the syndrome. Clustering of the syndrome in families suggests a genetic component. It is plausible that so-called thrifty genes, which have ensured optimal storage of energy during periods of fasting, could contribute to the phenotype of the metabolic syndrome. Common variants in a number of candidate genes influencing fat and glucose metabolism can probably, together with environmental triggers, increase susceptibility to the syndrome. Among these, the genes for β3-adrenergic receptor, hormone-sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase, IRS-1, PC-1, skeletal muscle glycogen synthase, etc. appear to increase the risk of the metabolic syndrome. In addition, novel genes may be identified by genome-wide searches.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document