Effect of Age on Individual Corneal Epithelial Thickness in Normal Eyes as Measured with Ultrasound Pachymeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Pachymeter

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine age-relatedvariation in the thickness of the corneal epithelium using ultrasound pachymeter. Methods: One hundred three patients were enrolled in this study and grouped according to age: Group A (< 30 years), group B (31-40 years), group C (41-50 years), group D (51-60 years), group E (61-70), and group F (> 71). Total corneal and corneal epithelial thickness measurements were made using the SonogageCorneo-Gage Plus 2 (Cleveland, Ohio) ultrasound pachymeter. Correlations of central epithelial thickness with central total corneal thickness, age, and gender were calculated. In addition, mean central epithelial thickness (CET) was measured. One-way ANOVA testing and post hoc analysis with the Tukey test and Pearson correlation were performed to analyze data. Results: The mean epithelial thickness at the central cornea was 47.88±1.15 μm, with no statistically significant difference between right and left eyes, and no significant differences in gender or central total corneal thickness. The difference in mean epithelial thickness across age groups was statistically significant (p <0.008). The mean epithelial thickness of the > 71 years group was significantly thinner than that of the < 30 years, 31-40, 41-50, and 51-60 years age groups. Conclusions: Ultrasound pachymeter of the corneal epithelium demonstrated that the oldest age group (> 71 years) had significantly thinner central corneal epithelial thickness than the younger age groups. There was no correlation between epithelial thickness, total corneal thickness, gender, or laterality.

scholarly journals Detailed Distribution of Corneal Epithelial Thickness and Correlated Characteristics Measured with SD-OCT in Myopic Eyes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yanan Wu ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Sd Oct

Purpose.To investigate the detailed distribution of corneal epithelial thickness in single sectors and its correlated characteristics in myopic eyes.Methods.SD-OCT was used to measure the corneal epithelial thickness distribution profile. Differences of corneal epithelial thickness between different parameters and some correlations of characteristics were calculated.Results.The thickest and thinnest part of epithelium were found at the nasal-inferior sector (P<0.05) and at the superior side (P<0.05), respectively. Subjects in the low and moderate myopia groups have thicker epithelial thickness than those in the high myopia group (P<0.05). Epithelial thickness was 1.39 μm thicker in male subjects than in female subjects (P<0.001). There was a slight negative correlation between corneal epithelial thickness and age (r=−0.13,P=0.042). Weak positive correlations were found between corneal epithelial thickness and corneal thickness (r=0.148,P=0.031). No correlations were found between corneal epithelial thickness, astigmatism axis, corneal front curvature, and IOP.Conclusions.The epithelial thickness is not evenly distributed across the cornea. The thickest location of the corneal epithelium is at the nasal-inferior sector. People with high myopia tend to have thinner corneal epithelium than low–moderate myopic patients. The corneal epithelial thickness is likely to be affected by some parameters, such as age, gender, and corneal thickness.

scholarly journals TIME TRENDS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI PREVALENCE IN ITAJAÍ - SC: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 25 YEARS BASED ON ENDOSCOPIC DATABASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangio FERRARI ◽  
Elisa Cantú Germano DUTRA ◽  
Henrieli Correia ZANARDI ◽  
Bruno Lorenzo SCOLARO ◽  
Odemari Miranda FERRARI
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently, the prevalence in developed countries is 40%, but this value increases considerably in developing countries, which can reach rates bigger than 90%. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the mean and annual prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients from Itajaí during the period from July 1992 to April 2016, as well as the gender and age groups most affected. METHODS: After consent of the clinical director of the Gastroclinica Itajaí and confidentiality commitment about the research, the database of the Endoscopy Service of the clinic was evaluated. All the patients who underwent their first upper digestive endoscopy with urease test and/or histological analysis were included. The data were submitted to statistical analysis of prevalence by gender, age group and years of study, with subsequent correction through the confidence interval. RESULTS: The mean prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection thru all years of study was 50.07%. With the calculation of the annual prevalences, it was evident the gradual reduction of infection in the population of Itajaí, that was 81.3% in 1992, declining to 33% in the year of 2016. When classifying the prevalence of infection by gender, it was higher in males (53.59%), and gender distribution by age group showed no statistically significant difference among genders between the ages of 40 and 80 years. In relation to the age group, the highest prevalence was in the group between 40 and 49 years. CONCLUSION: Although this study is retrospective and based on endoscopic database analysis, without access to clinical data of patients such as prior use of proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics to endoscopy, its results are important because they may reflect the current panorama of Helicobacter pylori infection in the city under study, where it has been presenting a gradual reduction of prevalence over the years, with current rates similar to that of developed countries (33%). Future studies are needed to confirm our data.

A study of manual toothbrushing skills in children aged 3 to 11 years

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mentes ◽  
Julide Atukeren
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

The aim of the study was to evaluate toothbrushing management and ability of children in relation to age and gender. The study population consisted of 75 children and were divided into three equal groups as 3-5, 6-8 and 9-11 years of age.The grip type during toothbrushing was recorded on videotape.The most preferred grip types were distal (73%) followed by power (43%) and oblique grips (29%). There were a statistically significant differences between age groups and the grip types (p&lt;0.001) but no significant difference was seen between boys and girls in grip preferences (p&gt;0.05).The mean duration of toothbrushing was shorter in 3-5 years of age group (28 seconds) than the 6-8 and 9-11 age groups (35 and 47 seconds respectively).

scholarly journals Assessment of corneal epithelial thickness mapping in epithelial basement membrane dystrophy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0239124
Author(s):  
Juliette Buffault ◽  
Pierre Zéboulon ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Anthony Chiche ◽  
Jade Luzu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Epithelial Basement Membrane ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Epithelial Basement

Purpose To investigate the corneal epithelial thickness topography with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its relationship with vision quality in epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD). Methods 45 eyes of EBMD patients, 26 eyes of dry eye (DED) patients and 22 eyes of normal subjects were enrolled. All participants were subjected to 9-mm corneal epithelial mapping with OCT and vision quality was assessed with the optical quality analysis system using the objective scatter index (OSI). Central, superior, inferior, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of epithelium thickness (Irregularity), were analysed and correlations with the OSI were calculated. Results The mean (±SD) central, inferior and maximum epithelial thicknesses of the EBMD patients (respectively, 56.4 (±8.1) μm, 58.9 (±6.4) μm, and 67.1 (±8.3) μm) were thicker compared to DED patients (P<0.05) and normal subjects (P<0.05). We found greater irregularity of epithelial thickness in EBMD (5.1±2.5 μm) compared to DED patients (2.6±1.0 μm) (P = 4.4.10−6) and normal subjects (2.1±0.7 μm) (P = 7.6.10−7). The mean OSI was worse in EBMD patients than in DED patients (P = 0.01) and compared to normal subjects (P = 0.02). The OSI correlated with the epithelial thickness irregularity (Spearman coefficient = 0.54; P = 2.65.10−5). Conclusions The OCT pachymetry map demonstrated that EBMD patients had thicker corneal epithelium in the central and inferior region. These changes were correlated with objective measurements of vision quality. This OCT characterisation of the EMBD provides a better understanding of the epithelial behaviour in this dystrophy and its role in vision quality.

scholarly journals A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ANALYSING THE PERFORMANCE OF TYPICALLY DEVELOPING INDIAN CHILDREN ON MOTOR FREE VISUAL PERCEPTUAL TEST-4 (MVPT-4)

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Dr. Sheetal Gupta ◽  
Dr. Anita Gupta ◽  
Dr. Sushmita Ahirwal
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Perceptual Skills ◽  
Perceptual Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indian Students

Visual perception is the process by which individuals assign meaning, understanding, and interpretation to what they have seen. The aim of this study was to determine the visual perceptual skills of typically developing Indian children on MVPT-4. A sample of 180 typically developing Indian students were included in the study using convenience sampling method. They were divided in six age groups with age ranging from 6years to 12 years with 30 children in each age group. It was found that visual perceptual skills of typically developing Indian children in 6-12 years of age group can be assessed using MVPT-4. Analysis was done using One-way Anova to compare the mean raw score of each age group. There was a significant difference between the age groups at statistical value of p< 0.001. The score improved with age, signifying refined and matured visual perceptual skills in older children. Age influences visual-perceptual skills of these children. This study also provides a foundation for further researches and highlights the importance of MVPT-4 as a screening tool to be used by the occupational therapist in order to assess the visual perceptual skills of children.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking Treatment for Progressive Keratoconus in the Pediatric and Adult Age Groups: One-Year Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Berhuni ◽  
Cem Ozturkmen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the short-term results of accelerated crosslinking (A-CXL) treatment for progressive keratoconus in the pediatric and adult age groups. Materials and methods: The records of the 62 eyes of 40 patients who had undergone the A-CXL procedure (9 mV/cm2, 10 min) for progressive keratoconus between January 2015 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups as the pediatric group (aged 17 years or less) and the adult group (aged 18 years or more) for statistical analysis. Pre- and post- 12th month A-CXL best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), maximum keratometry (Kmax), sim K1, sim K2, corneal thickness at the thinnest point (thCT), and corneal astigmatism (CA) values of the patient groups were recorded. Results: The 29 eyes of 16 patients were included in the pediatric group and the 33 eyes of 24 patients were included in the adult group. The mean age was 13.50±3.05 years in the pediatric group and 23.58±4.37 years in the adult group. A significant improvement in BCVA and a significant decrease in thCT values were present in both groups 12 months after the surgery compared to the preoperative period. A decrease was present in the Kmax, sim K1, sim K2 and CA values in the pediatric group, but was not statistically significant. The decrease in Kmax, sim K1 and sim K2 values compared to the preoperative period was significant in the adult group, but the decrease in CA values was not significant. When the two groups were compared at the end of 12 months, only the sim K1 value was significantly lower in the adult group, and there was no significant difference between the other measurements. Conclusions: Better visual acuity improvement, a higher flattening rate, and less progression occur after 12 months with A-CXL treatment for progressive keratoconus in the adult age group compared to the pediatric age group.

scholarly journals Thickness profiles of the corneal epithelium along the steep and flat meridians of astigmatic corneas after orthokeratology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Zhou ◽  
Feng Xue ◽  
Xingtao Zhou ◽  
Rajeev Krishnan Naidu ◽  
Yishan Qian
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Fourier Domain ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Lens Wear

Abstract Background: To investigate the changes in corneal epithelial thickness along the principle meridians of astigmatic corneas after six months of overnight spherical myopic orthokeratology (OK) lens wear. Methods: A prospective study. Fifty-seven subjects with up to 1.50 diopters (D) of corneal toricity wore spherical OK lenses for 6 months. Evaluations of OK lens fit, visual acuity, refractions and corneal toricity (CT) were performed. Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) was conducted to measure the corneal epithelial thickness (ET) along the principle meridians of corneal toricity over a diameter of 6mm. The means of △ET of the same diameter at individual meridians (△ETSm and △ETFm) were calculated and compared. Results: Visual acuity and refraction improved significantly after OK lens wear. △ETFm (-4.2±3.4μm) thinned more than △ETSm (-3.4±4.0μm, P=0.027) at 1.5mm in radius. △ETSm thickened more than △ETFm at 2.5mm (△ETSm: 4.1±5.1μm, △ETFm: 2.8±4.2μm, P=0.019) and 3.0mm (△ETSm: 5.0±5.0μm, △ETFm: 3.7±4.9μm, P=0.036).∣△ETSm - △ETFm∣ were significantly correlated with the baseline central CT at 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3.0mm (2.0mm: r=0.285, P=0.032; 2.5mm: r=0.422, P=0.001; 3.0mm: r=0.239, P=0.027). ∣△ETSm - △ETFm∣was significantly correlated with the baseline peripheral CT at 2.5mm (r=0.299, P=0.028). Conclusions: Overnight wear of spherical OK lenses resulted in differential changes in the thickness profiles of the corneal epithelium between the steep and flat meridians in eyes with corneal toricity.

scholarly journals Role of α1-adrenoceptor subtypes on corneal epithelial thickness and cell proliferation in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (5) ◽  
pp. C757-C765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aytan Musayeva ◽  
Caroline Manicam ◽  
Andreas Steege ◽  
Christoph Brochhausen ◽  
Beate K. Straub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness

Adrenergic stimuli are important for corneal epithelial structure and healing. The purpose of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that the lack of a single α1-adrenoceptor (α1-AR) subtype affects corneal epithelial thickness and cell proliferation. Expression levels of α1-AR mRNA were determined in mouse cornea using real-time PCR. In mice devoid of one of the three α1-AR subtypes (α1A-AR−/−, α1B-AR−/−, α1D-AR−/−) and in wild-type controls, thickness of individual corneal layers, the number of epithelial cell layers, and average epithelial cell size were determined in cryosections. Endothelial cell density and morphology were calculated in corneal explants, and epithelial cell proliferation rate was determined with immunofluorescence microscopy. Moreover, the ultrastructure of the corneal epithelium was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Messenger RNA for all three α1-AR subtypes was expressed in whole cornea and in corneal epithelium from wild-type mice with a rank order of abundance of α1A ≥ α1B > α1D. In contrast, no α1-AR mRNA was detected in the stroma, and only α1B-AR mRNA was found in the Descemet endothelial complex. Remarkably, corneal epithelial thickness and mean epithelial cell size were reduced in α1A-AR−/− mice. Our findings suggest that the α1A-AR exerts growth effects in mouse corneal epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Changes in Corneal Epithelial Thickness Induced by Topical Antiglaucoma Medications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3464
Author(s):  
Myungsik Nam ◽  
Sun Woong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Β Blockers

Corneal thickness measurement is important for assessing intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. This study investigated the changes in corneal epithelial thickness (CET) induced by antiglaucoma medications and explored the factors affecting CET measurement. CET was measured over a 9.0 mm diameter area by using Fourier domain optical coherence tomography in 125 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 125 age-matched controls without glaucoma. The influence of sex, age, benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-containing instillations, disease severity, and types and numbers of medications was analyzed using simple and multiple regression analyses. CET over 25 sectors was smaller in the glaucoma group than in the control group (mean difference of 4.2 µm in the central 2.0 mm zone; 52.8 ± 3.6 vs. 48.5 ± 3.9, p < 0.001). Simple regression analysis revealed age, use of β-blockers, prostaglandin, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, total number of medications, and number of daily BAK-containing instillations were associated with a thinner epithelium. Multiple regression analysis revealed β-blockers, prostaglandin, and number of BAK-containing instillations were significant factors. Use of β-blockers and number of BAK-containing instillations were also associated with a thinner epithelium in the monotherapy subgroup analysis. CET was significantly smaller in patients with glaucoma receiving topical medications and was affected by the use of β-blockers, prostaglandin, and BAK.

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