scholarly journals A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ANALYSING THE PERFORMANCE OF TYPICALLY DEVELOPING INDIAN CHILDREN ON MOTOR FREE VISUAL PERCEPTUAL TEST-4 (MVPT-4)

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Dr. Sheetal Gupta ◽  
Dr. Anita Gupta ◽  
Dr. Sushmita Ahirwal
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Perceptual Skills ◽  
Perceptual Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indian Students

Visual perception is the process by which individuals assign meaning, understanding, and interpretation to what they have seen. The aim of this study was to determine the visual perceptual skills of typically developing Indian children on MVPT-4. A sample of 180 typically developing Indian students were included in the study using convenience sampling method. They were divided in six age groups with age ranging from 6years to 12 years with 30 children in each age group. It was found that visual perceptual skills of typically developing Indian children in 6-12 years of age group can be assessed using MVPT-4. Analysis was done using One-way Anova to compare the mean raw score of each age group. There was a significant difference between the age groups at statistical value of p< 0.001. The score improved with age, signifying refined and matured visual perceptual skills in older children. Age influences visual-perceptual skills of these children. This study also provides a foundation for further researches and highlights the importance of MVPT-4 as a screening tool to be used by the occupational therapist in order to assess the visual perceptual skills of children.

scholarly journals TIME TRENDS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI PREVALENCE IN ITAJAÍ - SC: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 25 YEARS BASED ON ENDOSCOPIC DATABASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangio FERRARI ◽  
Elisa Cantú Germano DUTRA ◽  
Henrieli Correia ZANARDI ◽  
Bruno Lorenzo SCOLARO ◽  
Odemari Miranda FERRARI
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently, the prevalence in developed countries is 40%, but this value increases considerably in developing countries, which can reach rates bigger than 90%. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the mean and annual prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients from Itajaí during the period from July 1992 to April 2016, as well as the gender and age groups most affected. METHODS: After consent of the clinical director of the Gastroclinica Itajaí and confidentiality commitment about the research, the database of the Endoscopy Service of the clinic was evaluated. All the patients who underwent their first upper digestive endoscopy with urease test and/or histological analysis were included. The data were submitted to statistical analysis of prevalence by gender, age group and years of study, with subsequent correction through the confidence interval. RESULTS: The mean prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection thru all years of study was 50.07%. With the calculation of the annual prevalences, it was evident the gradual reduction of infection in the population of Itajaí, that was 81.3% in 1992, declining to 33% in the year of 2016. When classifying the prevalence of infection by gender, it was higher in males (53.59%), and gender distribution by age group showed no statistically significant difference among genders between the ages of 40 and 80 years. In relation to the age group, the highest prevalence was in the group between 40 and 49 years. CONCLUSION: Although this study is retrospective and based on endoscopic database analysis, without access to clinical data of patients such as prior use of proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics to endoscopy, its results are important because they may reflect the current panorama of Helicobacter pylori infection in the city under study, where it has been presenting a gradual reduction of prevalence over the years, with current rates similar to that of developed countries (33%). Future studies are needed to confirm our data.

A study of manual toothbrushing skills in children aged 3 to 11 years

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mentes ◽  
Julide Atukeren
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

The aim of the study was to evaluate toothbrushing management and ability of children in relation to age and gender. The study population consisted of 75 children and were divided into three equal groups as 3-5, 6-8 and 9-11 years of age.The grip type during toothbrushing was recorded on videotape.The most preferred grip types were distal (73%) followed by power (43%) and oblique grips (29%). There were a statistically significant differences between age groups and the grip types (p&lt;0.001) but no significant difference was seen between boys and girls in grip preferences (p&gt;0.05).The mean duration of toothbrushing was shorter in 3-5 years of age group (28 seconds) than the 6-8 and 9-11 age groups (35 and 47 seconds respectively).

Effect of Age on Individual Corneal Epithelial Thickness in Normal Eyes as Measured with Ultrasound Pachymeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Pachymeter

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine age-relatedvariation in the thickness of the corneal epithelium using ultrasound pachymeter. Methods: One hundred three patients were enrolled in this study and grouped according to age: Group A (< 30 years), group B (31-40 years), group C (41-50 years), group D (51-60 years), group E (61-70), and group F (> 71). Total corneal and corneal epithelial thickness measurements were made using the SonogageCorneo-Gage Plus 2 (Cleveland, Ohio) ultrasound pachymeter. Correlations of central epithelial thickness with central total corneal thickness, age, and gender were calculated. In addition, mean central epithelial thickness (CET) was measured. One-way ANOVA testing and post hoc analysis with the Tukey test and Pearson correlation were performed to analyze data. Results: The mean epithelial thickness at the central cornea was 47.88±1.15 μm, with no statistically significant difference between right and left eyes, and no significant differences in gender or central total corneal thickness. The difference in mean epithelial thickness across age groups was statistically significant (p <0.008). The mean epithelial thickness of the > 71 years group was significantly thinner than that of the < 30 years, 31-40, 41-50, and 51-60 years age groups. Conclusions: Ultrasound pachymeter of the corneal epithelium demonstrated that the oldest age group (> 71 years) had significantly thinner central corneal epithelial thickness than the younger age groups. There was no correlation between epithelial thickness, total corneal thickness, gender, or laterality.

scholarly journals Mandibular Canal Location and Cortical Bone Thickness in Males and Females of Different Age Groups: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 1117-1122
Author(s):  
Sherif Shafik El-Bahnasy ◽  
Magdy Youakim ◽  
Mohamed Shamel ◽  
Hisham El Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
The Mean

AIM: The purpose of the study was to measure and compare the prevalence of mandibular canal (MC) location variations in regard to mandibular first molars in both genders at different age groups. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 80 cone-beam computed tomography scans. Distance between MC and apical apices of first molars, buccal and lingual cortical plates was measured in both sides. RESULTS: 80 scans with 160 sides were analyzed. Distances was measured bilaterally for all scans with mean (5.22 ± 0.77) in men versus (4.1 ± 0.7) in women at group age 31–40 apical to apices of first molars. The mean was (3.77 ± 0.62) in men versus (2.81 ± 0.47) in women at same age group at buccal side, lingually the mean was (4.02 ± 0.67) in men versus (3.67 ± 0.26) in women in the same age group. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that there were decrease in measurements in older age group in both genders and in female groups more than male groups but with no statistical significant difference.

scholarly journals Bovine Trypanosomosis and Its Vectors in Three Selected Districts of Buno Bedele Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gelaye Gebisa ◽  
Kibiru Beriso ◽  
Biruk Bogale ◽  
Oda Gizaw ◽  
Dawit Chala
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medication Treatment ◽  
Bovine Trypanosomosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Trypanosomosis is one of the most economically challenging diseases affecting mammals, and it is a serious haemoprotozoan disease caused by different species of unicellular eukaryotic parasite of the genus trypanosome. The study was conducted to access the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, its associated risk factors, and vector density on cattle reared in three selected districts, namely, Chewaka, Dabo Hana, and Meko districts. Blood was collected from a total of 1046 cattle of age groups extending from 1 to 6 years. The buffy coat technique was used to check the presence of parasites from sampled blood, and the trypanosome species were identified using Giemsa-stained thin blood films. The packed cell volume of sampled blood was determined using the haematocrit. A total of 160 traps were deployed to study the entomological survey. Generally, 3.44% of the studied animal was infected with trypanosomosis, and T. vivax was the dominant species of trypanosomosis in the study areas. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed due to associated factor viz. body condition and anaemic status of the animal; however, insignificant differences were also recorded between different districts, age group, and sex. The mean PCV value of parasitaemic and aparasitaemic animals was 22.22 ± 0.92 and 26.18 ± 0.16, respectively, and significant difference was P < 0.05. An overall of 1.82 flies per trap per day was recorded from the study areas, and among the total caught vectors, 81.4% of it was G. tachinoides and the rest was G. morsitans. Therefore, the veterinarians have to continue providing the appropriate medication/treatment for the infected animals per appropriate recommendation, and Bedele NTTICC has to take more measures to control the density and distribution of tsetse flies in Dabo Hana district than the others due to high flies per trap per day observed in Dabo Hana district.

ENDOCRINE CHANGES BEFORE AND AFTER THE MENARCHE

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
R.-L. Kantero ◽  
P. Saarinen ◽  
O. Widholm
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT In an endocrine survey of healthy girls aged 8 to 20 years before and after the menarche the serum TSH was measured by radioimmunoassay along with some parameters of thyroid function which are described separately. The subjects were grouped according to the skeletal age (SA) until the menarche and after this in the post-menarcheal age (PMA) expressed in years. The TSH value was highest in the youngest age group and from then on decreased. However, within 0.5 years after the menarche another significantly elevated TSH peak occurred. There was no significant difference between the means for TSH before (5.4 μU/ml) and after the menarche (5.7 μU/ml). Both values, however, as well as the means for almost all the individual age groups, were significantly higher than the mean for 13 boys aged 12 to 16 years (3.9 μU/ml) and that for normal adults (3.6 μU/ml). When the girls were grouped according to the stage of puberty, the TSH peak at the time of menarche disappeared. When they were grouped according to SA, a gradual declining trend was seen from age 8 to 16 years. It is concluded that the maturation process in girls in some way involves a significant elevation of serum TSH and an increase in the total and free T4 level which is not dependent on binding proteins.

scholarly journals Morphological Study of Length, Breadth and Thickness of the Ovary at Different Age Group in Bangladeshi People

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Md Shibbir Ahmed ◽  
Mohsin Khalil ◽  
Md Babibur Rahman ◽  
Sabina Mannan ◽  
Seheli Zannat Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean

The morphological study was done to see length, breadth and thickness of the ovary in different age group of Bangladeshi people to increase the knowledge regarding variational anatomy in our population. Sixty two postmortem tissue block containing ovary and fallopian tube along with surrounding structures were collected from 62 female cadavers of different age groups and fixed in 10% formol saline solution. Gross & fine dissections were carried out to study these morphological parameters of ovary in different age group. In the present study, findings were compared with the finding of other researchers.In this study the mean length of ovary was maximum in found in group C (46-80 years) 4.32cm and minimum was found in group A (2-13 years) 2.81cm of both side. The mean breadth of ovary was maximum in group C 2.01cm and minimum was in group A 1.38cm. The mean thickness of ovary maximum was in group C 0.971cm and minimum was in group A 0.682cm of both sides. In statistical analyses significant difference between two groups was calculated by using students ‘t' test. A difference between two groups was considered to be significant when p

Clinical Measurement of Maximum Mouth Opening in Children Aged 6–12

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Syed Aliya ◽  
Harsimran Kaur ◽  
Nishita Garg ◽  
Rishika ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: To evaluate the clinical maximum mouth opening in children and its correlation with age, and sex. Study Design: Three hundred children of age 6–12 years, from different schools of Moradabad city were included. The participants were divided into three groups based on their age i.e Group 1 (n=100) 6–8 years, Group 2 (n=100) 8–10 years and Group 3 (n=100) 10–12 yrs. Three recordings of maximum mouth opening (MMO) were obtained using digital vernier caliper and the mean of three was considered as the MMO of that child. The data was analyzed using Spearman correlation, ANOVA with post- hoc Bonferroni test. The significance level was predetermined at p≤0.05 .Results: The mean MMO for children of Moradabad of aged 6–8yrs in boys is 39.87 ± 4.91 mm and in girls is 36.85± 4.09 mm. In 8–10 yeas age group, the MMO in boys is 44.5± 5.1 mm and in girls 41.77± 5.24 mm. In 10–12 year age group, the MMO in boys is 49.63± 5.56 mm and in girls is 49.33±5.32 mm respectively. The MMO was found to be higher in boys in all the three age groups. Conclusions: There was a significant difference in values of MMO in all the three age groups with boys having higher MMO values when compared to girls. Varying range of MMO values was observed within three age groups.

scholarly journals Determination of Lymphocyte Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Values in Apparently Healthy Children by means of Age and Sex

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Burak Durmaz ◽  
Hasan Taslidere ◽  
Guldane Koturoglu ◽  
Cumhur Gunduz ◽  
Mehmet Orman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) assay on blood lymphocytes is one of the most important tests implemented in cytogenetics for the measurement of genotoxicity. For the purpose of biological dosing, it is crucial to know the spontaneous frequency of MN and its normal values in general population, especially in children, which are used for the population databases. In this study, MN levels were investigated in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes of 150 apparently healthy children aged 1 to 15. Our aim was to assess the variability of MN values according to age and sex. The mean MN frequency among boys was 3.69 ± 1.747‰ and 4.12 ± 1.867‰ in girls where there was no significant difference in relation to age and sex. However, when we separated age groups as 0–2 years, 3–5 years, 6–10 years, and 11–15 years, one-way ANOVA test showed significant association. Significance was obvious in the 0–2 years age group with the 3–5 years age group and 6–10 years age group. When we grouped our study population as 0–2 years and 3–15 years, the mean MN frequency among the 0–2 years age group was 2.85 ± 1.599‰ and 4.07 ± 1.867‰ in the 3–15 years age group which was also statistically significant. This difference may be attributed to age-related increase of close contact with environmental hazardous agents. In conclusion, normal values of MN obtained in this study will add valuable information in regard to update the current childhood population data and will act as a reference for further genotoxicity studies.

scholarly journals Study of the Amplitude of Accommodation and its Relation to Errors of Refraction: A Hospital Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Neha Priyadarshani Chaudhary ◽  
Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽  
Sagar Dahal ◽  
Devendra Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reading Distance

Background: The unique ability of the eye to vary the refractive power of the lens and to focus on things at a range of distances is called accommodation. The reduction of this ability in which the near point recedes further away from comfortable reading distance is called presbyopia. There is continuing research to understand this process and correct this affliction that affects each and every person at the peak of their productive life. With an aging population, the proportion of people above 40 years is on the rise. This will therefore have public health and economic implications. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based retrospective study which was conducted in 100 presbyopic patients in age group of 35 to 60 years at outpatient department of ophthalmology in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, from 1st October 2016 to 30th March 2017. The amplitude of accommodation was calculated by measuring near point of accommodation with the help of RAF rule and the data collected was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Out of 100 patients in this study who visited our OPD with presbyopic complains, the no. of hypermetropic patients were highest (56%) and they presented with presbyopic symptoms at an early age as compared to myopes, while the no. of myopic patients were less(13%) and they presented late with presbyopic symptoms. The mean amplitude of accommodation was highest in myopes in all age group (3.35 D in 36-40 year age group which reduced to 2.65 D in 56-60 year age group).There was stastistically significant difference in amplitude of accommodation between myopia and  hypermetropia in all age groups except in 56-60 year age group. Conlusion: The amplitude of accommodation is generally higher in myopes in all age groups as compared to hypermetropes and emmetropes and they usually develope presbyopic symtoms later in life.

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