scholarly journals The Comparison of Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking Treatment for Progressive Keratoconus in the Pediatric and Adult Age Groups: One-Year Results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Berhuni ◽  
Cem Ozturkmen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the short-term results of accelerated crosslinking (A-CXL) treatment for progressive keratoconus in the pediatric and adult age groups. Materials and methods: The records of the 62 eyes of 40 patients who had undergone the A-CXL procedure (9 mV/cm2, 10 min) for progressive keratoconus between January 2015 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups as the pediatric group (aged 17 years or less) and the adult group (aged 18 years or more) for statistical analysis. Pre- and post- 12th month A-CXL best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), maximum keratometry (Kmax), sim K1, sim K2, corneal thickness at the thinnest point (thCT), and corneal astigmatism (CA) values of the patient groups were recorded. Results: The 29 eyes of 16 patients were included in the pediatric group and the 33 eyes of 24 patients were included in the adult group. The mean age was 13.50±3.05 years in the pediatric group and 23.58±4.37 years in the adult group. A significant improvement in BCVA and a significant decrease in thCT values were present in both groups 12 months after the surgery compared to the preoperative period. A decrease was present in the Kmax, sim K1, sim K2 and CA values in the pediatric group, but was not statistically significant. The decrease in Kmax, sim K1 and sim K2 values compared to the preoperative period was significant in the adult group, but the decrease in CA values was not significant. When the two groups were compared at the end of 12 months, only the sim K1 value was significantly lower in the adult group, and there was no significant difference between the other measurements. Conclusions: Better visual acuity improvement, a higher flattening rate, and less progression occur after 12 months with A-CXL treatment for progressive keratoconus in the adult age group compared to the pediatric age group.

Effect of Age on Individual Corneal Epithelial Thickness in Normal Eyes as Measured with Ultrasound Pachymeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Pachymeter

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine age-relatedvariation in the thickness of the corneal epithelium using ultrasound pachymeter. Methods: One hundred three patients were enrolled in this study and grouped according to age: Group A (< 30 years), group B (31-40 years), group C (41-50 years), group D (51-60 years), group E (61-70), and group F (> 71). Total corneal and corneal epithelial thickness measurements were made using the SonogageCorneo-Gage Plus 2 (Cleveland, Ohio) ultrasound pachymeter. Correlations of central epithelial thickness with central total corneal thickness, age, and gender were calculated. In addition, mean central epithelial thickness (CET) was measured. One-way ANOVA testing and post hoc analysis with the Tukey test and Pearson correlation were performed to analyze data. Results: The mean epithelial thickness at the central cornea was 47.88±1.15 μm, with no statistically significant difference between right and left eyes, and no significant differences in gender or central total corneal thickness. The difference in mean epithelial thickness across age groups was statistically significant (p <0.008). The mean epithelial thickness of the > 71 years group was significantly thinner than that of the < 30 years, 31-40, 41-50, and 51-60 years age groups. Conclusions: Ultrasound pachymeter of the corneal epithelium demonstrated that the oldest age group (> 71 years) had significantly thinner central corneal epithelial thickness than the younger age groups. There was no correlation between epithelial thickness, total corneal thickness, gender, or laterality.

EPIDEMIC SHIGELLA GASTROENTERITIS (BACILLARY DYSENTERY) IN AN ENDEMIC AREA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
MILTON FEIG
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Bacillary Dysentery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
One Year

The clinical aspects of acute bacillary dysentery as observed in an outbreak among a general population group in a highly endemic area are presented; age-specific clinical variations are noted. The onset was abrupt in all cases and all age-groups. The height of the illness in 84% of 106 cases was reached in 24 hours, more rapidly than in the "classical" form (3 to 5 days). The presence of blood in the stools was noted in about 25% of all cases; in about 25% of the 0 through 5 year age-group, 50% of the 6 through 10 year group, 37½% of the 11 through 15 year age-group, and 9 to 10% in the groups 16 years of age and over. The median number of stools was 9 to 10 daily, with no significant difference among the various age-groups. Fever was present in 65% of the children 10 years of age and under (55 cases), and in 35% of the older age-groups (40 cases). Vomiting is more frequent among the younger age-groups; weakness becomes a more frequent complaint with advancing age. The median duration of illness was 5.5 days in 100 cases. There was no correlation observed between age and duration. Recurrences are more frequently observed in the youngest age-groups—36% of all cases (14) under one year of age, 28% of 39 cases between 1-2 years of age. About 9% of the 26 and over age-group (34 cases) recurred, and practically none in the intervening groups. No relationship was observed between the tendency towards recurrences in households with multiple cases as compared with single cases. All the fatalities were under one year of age. Two deaths occurred in the cases studied, yielding an age-specific death rate of 14.3% for this group. Five other deaths in cases not included in this report are noted, all under one year of age; 2 caused by "infant diarrhea" and 3 by bronchopneumonia with "chronic diarrhea" as a contributing cause. The role of acquired immunity in the modification of bacillary dysentery can be evaluated from studies of attack rates and the clinical course of the disease, through age-specific groupings. Investigators should clearly define such basic terms as duration, recurrences, etc., when reporting so that necessary comparisons and/or data summation can be made.

scholarly journals Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus: Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenaga Kobashi ◽  
Shi Song Rong
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Collagen Cross Linking

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of collagen cross-linking (CXL) one year after treatment for keratoconus compared to no treatment by summarizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using a systematic review. Methods. Trials meeting the selection criteria were quality appraised, and the data were extracted by two independent authors. The outcome parameters included maximum keratometry (Kmax), corneal thickness at the thinnest point, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), spherical equivalent (SE) refraction, and cylindrical refraction one year after CXL. We compared the changes in the above parameters with the control group. Results. We identified five RCTs involving 289 eyes that met the eligibility criteria for this systematic review. The changes in BSCVA from baseline to one year exhibited a significant difference between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for changes in corneal thickness and cylindrical refraction. We did not conduct a meta-analysis in Kmax, UCVA, and SE refraction because their I2 values were greater than 50%. Conclusions. According to the systematic review, CXL may be effective in halting the progression of keratoconus for one year under certain conditions, although evidence is limited due to the significant heterogeneity and paucity of RCTs.

scholarly journals Clinical results of shock wave lithotripsy treatment in elderly patients with kidney stones: Results of 1433 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cevahir Ozer ◽  
Mehmet Ilteris Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SWL treatment in elderly patients with kidney stones. Materials and methods: Data from a total of 3024 patients who underwent SWL treatment for urinary tract stone disease in three centers of our university were evaluated retrospectively. A total of 1433 patients in the adult age group treated for single kidney stones were included in the study. The patients were divided into 3 groups (18-40, 41-64 and ≥ 65) years depending on their age. Demographic data, stone parameters, stone-free rate (SFR) and clinically insignificant residual fragment (CIRF) rate, number of SWL sessions and complication rate were analyzed according to the age groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.38 ± 13.24 years. Stone size was significantly lower in the 18-40 years age group compared to other groups (p = 0.000) and the stones were mostly located on the right side in this age group (p = 0.007). There was no significant relationship between age groups and gender, stone localization, and number of SWL sessions. The overall SFR was 66.4%. Although the SFR was lower (61.4%) and the rate of multiple sessions (27.2%) was higher in ≥ 65 years group, there was no statistically significant difference between age groups regarding SFR, CIRF, need for additional sessions, and complication rates. Conclusions: Due to its similar clinical results, treatment of SWL should not be ignored as a treatment option in the geriatric patient group with kidney stones.

scholarly journals Comparison of Timing to Develop Anti-Drug Antibodies to Infliximab and Adalimumab Between Adult and Pediatric Age Groups, Males and Females

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Maria Consiglia Trotta ◽  
Roberto Alfano ◽  
Giovanna Cuomo ◽  
Ciro Romano ◽  
Antonietta Gerarda Gravina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Males And Females

OBJECTIVE To compare the timing of serum anti-drug antibodies in adult and pediatric age groups, males and females, treated for inflammatory bowel disease or arthritis with adalimumab or infliximab by retrospectively combining data collected during a 2-year therapeutic drug monitoring period. METHODS Four hundred thirty sera were divided in groups collected at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months (T0, T3, T6, T12, and T24) after initiation of therapy and assayed for drug and relative anti-drug antibodies levels. At each time point, the percentage of sera presenting anti-drug antibodies, as well as the drug concentrations, were calculated and correlated with patient age and sex. RESULTS Anti-drug antibodies were present in 31.5% of sera and were significantly higher in the pediatric age group than in the adult age group, through all time points. The percentages of sera showing anti-drug antibodies were significantly different as early as 3 months and were sera from pediatric female group. The percentages of sera showing anti-drug antibodies reached the highest value at 6 months in the pediatric age group and at 12 months in the adult age group. CONCLUSIONS Sera from pediatric had an earlier presence of anti-drug antibodies than adults. In particular, pediatric females sera showed the fastest anti-drug antibodies development.

scholarly journals A study of pattern, risk factors, types, complications and outcome of stroke in geriatric age group

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1364
Author(s):  
Prashant Pramod More ◽  
Samveda Shirish Samel ◽  
Dilip Ratan Patil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

Background: Stroke is the number one cause of disability and third leading cause of death in the world after heart diseases and cancer with an incidence approximately 150 to 200 in 100,000. The objective of this study was to study how the pattern of stroke in elderly differs from that of younger population.Methods: This is a prospective observational comparative study of stroke patients done over a period of one year at ACPM Medical College, Dhule. We studied 100 consecutive patients of stroke admitted in neuro-medicine department of this hospital. We have studied the risk factors, incidence, pattern, severity, complication and outcome of stroke in Geriatric age group compared to stroke in younger age group. The individuals who were 60 and above (≥60) are included in the ‘geriatric group’ and those below 60 were considered as ‘younger patients’. Those more than 85 years were classified as ‘very elderly’.Results: There is an increased incidence of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in geriatric population compared to younger people. Statistically there is increased incidence of ischemic stroke compared to hemorrhagic stroke in geriatric age group. PAC subtype of stroke has highest predilection to develop in both age groups and also PAC is the most common subtype of stroke leading to stroke related complications in geriatric population. There is no statistically increase incidence of severe stroke seen in elder age as compared to the younger people.Conclusions: The geriatric population does not have a poorer stroke outcome as compared to younger people. There is also no statistically significant difference in mortality rate in stroke patients between geriatric vs. younger age group.

scholarly journals Comparison of Pediatric and Adult Tonsillectomies Performed by Thermal Welding System

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolga Ersözlü ◽  
Yavuz Selim Yıldırım ◽  
Selman Sarica
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thermal Welding ◽  
Welding System

Objective.To compare pediatric and adult age groups in terms of postoperative bleeding and pain following tonsillectomy performed by thermal welding system (TWS).Method.The study consisted of 213 patients, of whom 178 were children and 35 were adults. The mean age of the pediatric patients (81 girls and 97 females) was6.7±2.4years (range 3–13 years) and the mean age of the adults (20 males and 15 females) was21.8±7.07years (range 15–41 years). All of the patients were evaluated in terms of postoperative bleeding and pain following tonsillectomy performed by TWS.Results.Bleeding was detected in the late postoperative period in 11 pediatric and 7 adult patients and of them 2 pediatric and 3 adult patients controlled under general. Postoperative bleeding was significantly less prevalent in the pediatric age group compared to the adult age group (P=0.04). Likewise, postoperative pain was significantly less prevalent in the pediatric age group as compared to the adult age group (P<0.001).Conclusion.Both postoperative bleeding and pain following tonsillectomy performed by TWS were more prevalent in the adult age group compared to the pediatric age group.

scholarly journals One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Galicia: A Global View of Age-Group Statistics during Three Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5104
Author(s):  
Iván Area ◽  
Henrique Lorenzo ◽  
Pedro J. Marcos ◽  
Juan J. Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global View ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
One Year

In this work we look at the past in order to analyze four key variables after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Galicia (NW Spain): new infected, hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions and deceased. The analysis is presented by age group, comparing at each stage the percentage of the corresponding group with its representation in the society. The time period analyzed covers 1 March 2020 to 1 April 2021, and includes the influence of the B.1.1.7 lineage of COVID-19 which in April 2021 was behind 90% of new cases in Galicia. It is numerically shown how the pandemic affects the age groups 80+, 70+ and 60+, and therefore we give information about how the vaccination process could be scheduled and hints at why the pandemic had different effects in different territories.

scholarly journals A first-year dornase alfa treatment impact on clinical parameters of patients with cystic fibrosis: the Brazilian cystic fibrosis multicenter study

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Rozov ◽  
Fernando Antônio A. e Silva ◽  
Maria Angélica Santana ◽  
Fabíola Villac Adde ◽  
Rita Heloisa Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Emergency Room Visits ◽  
Dornase Alfa ◽  
Pulmonary Exacerbations ◽  
One Year

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical impact of the first year treatment with dornase alfa, according to age groups, in a cohort of Brazilian Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients. METHODS: The data on 152 eligible patients, from 16 CF reference centers, that answered the medical questionnaires and performed laboratory tests at baseline (T0), and at six (T2) and 12 (T4) months after dornase alfa initiation, were analyzed. Three age groups were assessed: six to 11, 12 to 13, and >14 years. Pulmonary tests, airway microbiology, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, emergency and routine treatments were evaluated. Student's t-test, chi-square test and analysis of variance were used when appropriated. RESULTS: Routine treatments were based on respiratory physical therapy, regular exercises, pancreatic enzymes, vitamins, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and antibiotics. In the six months prior the study (T0 phase), hospitalizations for pulmonary exacerbations occurred in 38.0, 10.0 and 61.4% in the three age groups, respectively. After one year of intervention, there was a significant reduction in the number of emergency room visits in the six to 11 years group. There were no significant changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (VEF1), in forced vital capacity (FVC), in oxygen saturation (SpO2), and in Tiffenau index for all age groups. A significant improvement in Shwachman-Kulczychi score was observed in the older group. In the last six months of therapy, chronic or intermittent colonization by P. aeruginosa was detected in 75.0, 71.4 and 62.5% of the studied groups, respectively, while S. aureus colonization was identified in 68.6, 66.6 and 41.9% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment with dornase alfa promoted the maintenance of pulmonary function parameters and was associated with a significant reduction of emergency room visits due to pulmonary exacerbations in the six to 11 years age group, with better clinical scores in the >14 age group, one year after the intervention.

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