scholarly journals Sexual Health Outcomes of PLISSIT-based Counseling versus Grouped Sexuality Education among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Sexual Distress ◽  
Sexuality Counseling ◽  
And Performance

Background: In-person counseling using the Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestion, and Intensive Therapy (PLISSIT) model is a well-known approach to people with sexual problems. Evidence suggests that Grouped Sexuality Education (GSE) can be as effective as in-person Counseling at educating individuals about their sexuality. However, the efficacy of PLISSIT versus GSE has not previously been evaluated in women with Breast Cancer (BC). Methods: In this paper, we report on the primary outcomes, i.e. the influence of PLISSIT and GSE on the main elements of sexual behavior: sexual capacity, motivation and performance as well as sexual distress experienced by women throughout the post BC life (n=75). The women (married, age 20-50 years, sexual distress > 11, at least three months post treatment, and mastectomy) were randomly allocated into three groups, with 25 women in each arm. The PLISSIT group received at least three private sessions over the 6 week study period, while the other intervention group received GSE, and the control group received routine care. Data were collected at baseline, six and 12 weeks post intervention. This study was part of a larger study focused on sexual behavior and quality of life. That main outcome of the current analysis was the sexual behavior of women with breast cancer, comparing two intervention groups and one control group across two follow-up periods of six and 12 weeks. Results: Data analysis of the intention-to-treat population (n=65) revealed a significant intervention impact for both GSE and PLISSIT on the elements of sexual behaviors (P< 0.0001) with positive change in sexual capacity, motivation and performance after 6 and 12 weeks post intervention. We found a greater effect size (1.4) in GSE group compared with the PLISSIT group (68.1%). The mean sexual behavior assessment score was increased in both intervention groups; however, the GSE group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.0001). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first three-armed randomized trial of sexuality counseling and education for women with BC employing two interventions of PLISSIT and GSE. We found GSE to be more efficacious than PLISSIT. Our findings recommend the integration of sexuality counseling and education into health care delivery before BC treatment and during BC post life rehabilitation.

Effects of Training on HIV Risk Perception, Knowledge and Sexual Behaviour Among Fisherfolks in Two Communities in North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2097736
Author(s):  
Aiyedun Sunday Abiodun ◽  
Ademola J. Ajuwon
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Hiv Risk Perception ◽  
Unsafe Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Aids Training ◽  
Hiv Aids

Fisherfolks participate in unsafe sexual behaviors which can predispose them to HIV infection. This research was designed to assess the effects of training on HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behavior among fisherfolks in two fishing communities in Nigeria. Respondents were allocated into Experimental Group (EG, n = 103) and Control Group (CG, n = 105). Data were collected at baseline using a questionnaire which included questions on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behavior among others. A 3-day HIV/AIDS training was conducted for EG. Fisherfolks in EG and CG with good knowledge were 16.5% and 54.3%, respectively at baseline. The number increased to 100.0% in EG than CG (60%) at follow-up. At baseline, fisherfolks in EG and CG with high riskperception scores were 26.2% and 59.0%, respectively; corresponding figures at post intervention for EG and CG were 100.0% and 70.0% respectively. Training increased HIV/AIDS knowledge, improved risk perception and reduced risky sexual practices among fisherfolks.

The randomized trial of mammography screening that was not—A cautionary tale

2021 ◽  
pp. 096914132110594
Author(s):  
Martin J Yaffe ◽  
Jean M. Seely ◽  
Paula B. Gordon ◽  
Shushiela Appavoo ◽  
Daniel B. Kopans
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Screening ◽  
Clinical Breast Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
National Breast ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
Screening Study ◽  
Clinical Breast ◽  
And Performance

Two randomized trials were conducted in Canada in the 1980s to test the efficacy of breast cancer screening. Neither of the trials demonstrated benefit. Concerns were raised regarding serious errors in trial design and conduct. Here we describe the conditions that could allow subversion of randomization to occur and the inclusion of many symptomatic women in a screening trial. We examine anomalies in data where the balance would be expected between trial arms. “Open book” randomization and performance of clinical breast examination on all women before allocation to a trial arm allowed women with palpable findings to be mis-randomized into the mammography arm. Multiple indicators raising suspicion of subversion are present including a large excess in poor-prognosis cancers in the mammography trial arm at prevalence screen. Personnel described shifting of women from the control group into the mammography group. There is compelling evidence of subversion of randomization in Canadian National Breast Screening Study. Mis-randomization of even a few women with advanced breast cancer could markedly affect measured screening efficacy. The Canadian National Breast Screening Study trials should not influence breast screening policies.

Sexuality Education Intervention for Parents of Children With Disabilities: A Pilot Training Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Clatos ◽  
Matthew Asare
Keyword(s):  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Sexual Communication ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Within Subjects

The purpose of the study is to evaluate pilot sexuality education intervention for parents of children with disabilities between ages between 6 and 25 years old. A within subjects design was utilized and 15 parents of children with disabilities were recruited to receive a two-week sexuality education without a control group. A paired-samples t-test results showed that there was a significant difference between the participants’ pre-test and post intervention scores in their attitude and beliefs, sexual communication, knowledge, and self-efficacy of sexuality education among children with disabilities (all p<.001). The intervention change the participants sexual communication behavior and increased knowledge about sexuality education among parents of children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effect of Sexual and Reproductive Health Training Program on the Knowledge on Safe Sex Practice of Young Adults in College

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Jehoshaphat Muzungu ◽  
Jenae Logan ◽  
Akiiki Bitalabeho ◽  
Rex Wong
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Risky Sex ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Freshman Students ◽  
The Impact

Young adults and adolescents ages 18 to 24 years are often either uninformed or misinformed about sexuality and health-promoting behaviors and are more likely to exhibit risky sexual behaviors. In sub-Saharan Africa, only 19-26% of adolescents display adequate knowledge related to HIV and sexual and reproductive health.Sexual and reproductive health education for young adults can reduce unintended pregnancies, delay sexual debut, reduce having multiple sex partners, increase pregnancy prevention practices and increase the practice of protected sex.This study utilized a pre- and post-intervention design to assess the impact of a sex education program on young adult freshman students ages 18 to 24 years, at a government education institution in Rwanda, on knowledge related to family planning and contraception, sexually transmitted infections/HIV/AIDS, and safe and risky sex practices.A total of 360 freshman students from the college completed the pre-intervention questionnaire and 341 completed the post-intervention questionnaire. The results showed that the overall knowledge in the sample was generally low before the intervention (67.8%) but had increased to 84.7% post-intervention (P<0.001). Many respondents thought STIs were genetic diseases, that withdrawal was a reliable birth control method, and that having multiple sexual partners or transactional sex were not risky sex practices.Universities in Rwanda should consider incorporating sexual and reproductive education in their curriculum. The increase in knowledge, however, does not guarantee a change in the respondents’ sexual behavior. Further study is needed to assess the impact of the intervention on actual change in sexual behavior and longterm health outcome.

Effects of exercise on cancer-related fatigue and muscular strength in patients with breast cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11507-11507
Author(s):  
Po-Ju Lin ◽  
Kah Poh Loh ◽  
Julia Ellen Inglis ◽  
Richard Francis Dunne ◽  
Ian Kleckner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lower Body Strength

11507 Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a persistent daily lack of energy commonly experienced by breast cancer (BC) patients. Due to CRF, BC patients have difficulties carrying out daily activities, become less active and consequently reduce muscular strength. Exercise can improve muscular strength and increase energy level; therefore it may alleviate CRF. This phase II RCT assessed the effects of exercise on CRF and muscular strength in BC patients. Methods: Ninety BC patients (55.5±9.6 years, 79% white, 48% and 46% under radiation or hormone therapy) were randomized into two arms: a 6-week Exercise for Cancer Patients (EXCAP) program or standard care (Control). EXCAP is a home-based, personalized, progressive exercise program combining aerobic walking and resistance band training. The Brief Fatigue Inventory was used to assess CRF and CRF interference with daily activities and a 7-10 repetition maximum chest press and leg extension strength test was used to assess upper- and lower-body strength at pre- and post-intervention. T-tests and ANCOVA with pre-intervention as the covariate were used to analyze within- and between-group changes, respectively. Results: Participants in the EXCAP group decreased CRF (-0.9±0.3, p = 0.01) and CRF interference with daily activities (-1.1±0.3, p < 0.01) from pre- to post-intervention while participants in the Control group did not. The mean improvement (from pre- to post-intervention) in CRF and CRF interference of daily activities for the EXCAP group were significantly higher than the change in the Control group (both p < 0.01). Participants in the EXCAP group increased upper- (3.9±1.4, p < 0.01) and lower-body strength (6.4±1.3, p < 0.01) from pre- to post-intervention, while participants in the Control group did not. The mean increase (from pre- to post-intervention) in lower-body strength for the EXCAP group was significantly higher than the change in the Control group (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Exercise combining aerobic walking and resistance band training reduces CRF and CRF interference with daily activities and improves muscular strength in BC patients. Results from this study provide further evidence of the benefits of exercise for supportive cancer care. Clinical trial information: NCT00851812.

scholarly journals Assessing Iranians’ parental competence: Development and psychometric properties of the Children’s Sexual Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ-IR), Iranian Version

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Effat Merghati-Khoei ◽  
Fatemeh Atoof ◽  
Fatemeh Sheikhan ◽  
Sanaz Omati ◽  
Noura Aghajani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
Parental Competence ◽  
Close Supervision ◽  
Iranian Version

Background: Parents are the first line mediators in sexuality development of children. However, the majority of parents tend to have close supervision on children sexual behaviors, particularly in the conservative cultures. This article describes the development and psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure Iranian parents’ competence in caring and nurturing their children sexually. Methods: The questionnaire was designed based on the principles in measurement, Waltz’stheory. The Iranian version of Children’s Sexual Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ-IR) was developed and completed by 386 mothers and 101 fathers who participated in a community based sexuality education program in Tehran, capital of Iran. Reliability was assessed by Kuder-Richardson reliability coefficient and Split half. CSBQ-IR was evaluated for its construct, inclusiveness and content validity by principal component analysis. Results: The Kuder-Richardson reliability coefficient and Split half reliability were found 0.425and 0.457 that was on acceptable range. Meaning, grammar, wording and item allocation of the questionnaire were found to be appropriate with (content validity ratio [CVR]=0.99) and(content validity index [CVI]=0.8) respectively. Conclusion: CSBQ-IR provides a valid assessment of the parents’ competency or incompetency in nurturing, communication, and managing their children’s sexual behaviors.

scholarly journals Educational intervention for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in basic secondary teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Cortes Alfaro ◽  
Damarys Chacón O`farrill
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Comprehensive Sexuality Education ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Introduction: Among the factors that increase sexual infections in adolescence are the early initiation of sexual relations, adolescence is considered a stage of vulnerability and exposure to risky social and/or sexual behaviors that expose them to sexual and reproductive health problems such as unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, so it is essential that they are taught in schools comprehensive sexuality education Objective: To assess the effects of educational intervention for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in teachers of the Antonio José Oviedo Basic Secondary School. San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque during the period: October 2017 to February 2019. Method: A quasi-experimental educational intervention study with a mixed approach to the 40 teachers included in the permanent staff of the center, a survey was applied prior to the intervention that allowed characterizing the teachers according to sociodemographic variables, exploring the level of knowledge, attitudes, perception of risk and beliefs about STIs. 15 work sessions were held and tools were given to facilitate the work on these issues with adolescents. A post-intervention survey was applied to evaluate its effectiveness. Descriptive and inferential statistics (J squared) were applied. Results: female sex predominated (72.5%), with ages between 30 and 40 years (42.5%), in males the perception of lower risk prevailed compared to females. Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perception of risk about STIs were inadequate prior to intervention, after intervention they increased significantly in: 92.5%, 65%, 77.5% and 70% respectively. Conclusions: The educational intervention was effective in contributing to the improvement of comprehensive sexuality education in the school environment.

scholarly journals 1032 Auricular Point Acupressure for Sleep Disturbance in Women With Breast Cancer: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A392-A392
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
J Wu ◽  
J Li ◽  
J Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Auricular Point ◽  
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbance is reported in up to 60% of cancer patient. In traditional Chinese medicine, evidence suggests that auricular point acupressure (APA) improves sleep. However, little is known about APA’s effect on sleep disturbance in patients with breast cancer (BC). We tested the preliminary efficacy of APA on sleep in BC women undergoing chemotherapy. Methods A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted in 41 BC patients (mean age=50±14) with self-reported poor sleep [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)≥7]. Participants were randomly assigned to an APA group (n=22) and a control group (n=19). All patients received sleep hygiene education. Additionally, for the APA group, magnetic pellets were attached to selected auricular points once a week for 3 weeks at the clinic, and the participants were instructed to self-press the pellets 4 times a day. Sleep were objectively measured by Actiwatch Spectrum and subjectively using PSQI at baseline and post-intervention. Paired t-tests and analyses of covariance using the variable baseline values were used to examine changes in sleep parameters. Results Twenty-one participants from the APA and sixteen from the control groups completed the study. Within the APA group, PSQI [mean difference (MD)=3.85, 95% Confidence Interval (C)=3.12~4.60] and sleep onset latency (MD=18.02, 95%CI=5.96~30.09) were significantly decreased, and the sleep duration (MD=-0.53, 95%CI=-0.99~-2.35) and sleep efficacy (MD=-5.00, 95%CI=-8.72~-1.28) were significant increased at post-intervention. Compared to the control group, participants in the APA group had significantly lower PSQI (F=30.77, p&lt;0.001) and greater sleep efficacy (F=5.25, p=0.028) at post-intervention. Conclusion APA may be an inexpensive and effective approach to improve sleep in patients with BC. More rigorous research with larger samples is needed to further test the efficacy of APA on promoting sleep in BC patients. Support None

Art therapy and self-image: A 5-year follow-up art therapy RCT study of women diagnosed with breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Karin Egberg Thyme ◽  
Björn Tavelin ◽  
Inger Öster ◽  
Jack Lindh ◽  
Britt Wiberg
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Art Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Behavioral System

Abstract Objective This follow-up study on perceived self-image and psychophysical distress/psychic symptoms was based on a ranomized contolled study of art therapy on women with breast cancer. Method The aim was to examine the long-term effects of time-limited art therapy using the instruments of Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) and Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90). Results Three attachment clusters of the SASB showed significant changes post therapy: Autonomous self (cluster 1), Accepting self (cluster 2), and Loving self (cluster 3). Clusters 2 and 3 continued to change in favor of the intervention group at the 5-year follow-up. There were no significant differences in the SCL-90 results between the intervention group and the control group in the follow-up study. Significance of results The art therapy intervention was both therapeutic and psycho-educative. The conclusion of this study is that approaching emotions through time-limited art therapy seems to have a long-lasting effect on the attachment behavioral system shown in the SASB model post intervention, and this effect remained 5 years later.

scholarly journals “It Felt Good but Weird at the Same Time”

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Vasilenko ◽  
Megan K. Maas ◽  
Eva S. Lefkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
European American ◽  
Education Programs

Although sexual behavior is multidimensional, little research has focused on the experience of nonintercourse behaviors for adolescents and emerging adults. This article uses open-ended coded data from a longitudinal study of college students ( N = 346; M age = 18.5, 52% female, 27% Hispanic/Latino [HL], 25% non-HL European American, 23% non-HL Asian American, 16% non-HL African American, 9% non-HL multiracial) to examine what emotional responses emerging adults report about their first experiences of six sexual behaviors. The four most common emotional reactions were happy, excited, fearful, and indifferent. Descriptions were largely positive, although mixed reactions were relatively common and emotional reactions varied by behavior. Results suggest the importance of including multiple types of sexual behaviors, as well as their possible positive and negative outcomes, in sexuality education programs.

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