scholarly journals Development of Antenatal Care Pamphlet in Burmese

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Piamboon Tanabatchai ◽  
Nilawan Upakdee ◽  
Kultida Chaijinda
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Thai Language ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Research Tools

Background: Currently, there are many foreign workers working in Thailand. Majority of them are Myanmar. Providing information on antenatal care to Burmese women is one of the guidelines in providing knowledge for antenatal care. Objective: To develop a pamphlet on antenatal care in Burmese language. Methods: This study was on research and development. The tools used in the research were the pamphlet development and pamphlet evaluation forms. The back translation method was used for translation by using Thai language pamphlet that modifies for the optimal features and information appropriate for the clients. Results: The process of translating and developing research tools was started from Step 1: translating the contents of pamphlet from Thai to Burmese, obtaining the pamphlets B1 and B2. Step 2: conducting a preliminary test by bringing the two Burmese language pamphlets to test with the participants that can communicate in Burmese language and evaluate the pamphlet features. It was found that the majority of 3 in 5 people were satisfied with the B2 pamphlet at an excellent level. This step aimed to consider the clarity of the language idioms used. Step 3: reviewing the suitability of the culture by introducing the Burmese pamphlet and preliminary tests checked by experts who understand the context and culture of Myanmar. Step 4: synthesizing the translated version of the tool by collecting information that is appropriate for the context and culture of the Burmese people to synthesize as a new Burmese pamphlet. Step 5: translating the contents of the pamphlet back from Burmese to Thai language. And Step 6: checking the equality of translation and draw conclusions. Conclusions: From all processes mentioned above, we got the Burmese antenatal care pamphlet that is appropriate in terms of content and culture.  

scholarly journals “Foreign Language Creation” and “Textless Back Translation”: A Case Study on Turkish Translations of Jason Goodwin’s Ottoman-Themed Works Written in English

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Avşaroğlu ◽  
Ayşe Banu Karadağ
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Text Information ◽  
Translation Methods ◽  
Specific Culture

The aim of this article is to examine the first two books in Jason Goodwin’s detective Yashim series and their Turkish translations in terms of “back translation”. Research subjects are The Janissary Tree (2006) and its Turkish translations by Çiğdem Öztekin dated 2006 and by Fethi Aytuna dated 2016 as well as The Snake Stone (2007) and its Turkish translations by Ali Cevat Akkoyunlu dated 2007 and by Fethi Aytuna dated 2017. The theoretical framework is based on the concepts of “foreign language creation”, a text describing a specific culture in a foreign language, and “textless back translation”, translation of a “foreign language creation” back into the language of that specific culture. Describing the Ottoman culture in English, Goodwin’s books can be considered as “foreign language creation” while their Turkish translations, which bring the culture back into its own land, can be considered as “textless back translation”. Depicting a foreign culture in his own language, thereby acting as a translator, the writer’s decisions are discussed within the choice of translation method in “foreign language creation”. Translating a “foreign language creation” back into Turkish, the translators’ decisions are discussed within the choice of translation method in “textless back translation”. In this respect, Ting Guo’s (2017) article entitled “On Foreign Language Creation and Rootless Back Translation–A Case Study of Snow Flower and the Secret Fan” is taken as the reference point and the categories of translation methods are expanded with regard to textual findings. It is concluded that individual translation decisions of the Turkish translators support the idea that translators from the domestic culture might take the initiative to rearrange the source text information in their target text.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEAKURATAN HASIL PENERJEMAHAN GOOGLE TRANSLATE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BACK TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Jumatulaini Jumatulaini
Keyword(s):  
International Research ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Syntactic Semantics ◽  
Validation Tool ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research analyses comparison between the original Arabic text and the translation back to Arabic by Google Translate on Arabic newspapers. To achieve test the accuracy of text according to translated theory. Then researchers use qualitative descriptive method of research with translation method back translations that is, a validation tool that is widely used in international research settings and original documents compared to translation results Back to see the inconsistencies, and if nothing of the translation is considered equivalent. Based on the results of the study the accuracy results of Google Translate is inaccurate, but understanding of the meaning text still understandable. As for inaccuracies of translations found such as linguistic studies such as syntactic, semantics, mistakes in writing numbers, lack of words, reduction.

Biotech Research-Tool Patents in Macedonia: Current Legal and Economic Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-139
Author(s):  
Mirjana Stankovic ◽  
Bratislav Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Biotechnology Sector ◽  
Research Tools

One of the vigorously debated topics related to the protection of biotechnology inventions has been the issue of patents on biotechnology research tools, which usually are used in very early stages of biotechnology research. Proponents of patenting argue that the patent system acts as an incentive for biotech/pharma companies to invest in research and development which is aimed at developing biotech research tools. Opponents of patenting maintain that such patents might impede future research by creating “patent-thickets” and preventing researchers from performing experiments which rely on the patented tools without authorization and royalty payments.The Republic of Macedonia is a small, developing country that lacks specifically crafted legislation or even an articulated public policy promoting the growth of the biotechnology sector. Macedonian patent law contains rather broad exemption to patent rights, termed in “free use for personal and non commercial purposes” and “free use for research and development” of a patented invention. These provisions use obfuscating language and might generate confusion and divergent judicial practices. Also problematic are the law’s provisions which pertain to biotechnology patents and, especially, exemptions to biotechnology patents; these appear to misinterpret the mirroring provisions of the European Union Biotechnology Directive.This article argues in favor of amending the Macedonian industrial property law with a list of both specific exemptions and safeguards, which should provide clarity in future judicial practice pertaining to experimental-use exemptions of biotech research-tool patents in this country.

scholarly journals KEPUASAN PASIEN ANC DAN IMMUNISASI TERHADAP PENERAPAN APLIKASI PENDAFTARAN ONLINE BERBASIS ANDROID

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Dewi Hastuti Suryandari
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Antenatal Care

Pelayanan pendaftaran di BPM (Bidan Praktik Mandiri) Ovalya Makarova Kecamatan Pujon masih dilakukan secara manual yaitu dengan menggunakan buku register dan buku KIA pasien. Hal ini menyebabkan pasien menunggu antrian untuk mendapatkan pelayanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien dalam menggunakan aplikasi pendaftaran online berbasis android di BPM Ovalya Makarova  Kecamatan Pujon. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan Research and Development (R&D), dengan metode penelitian survei deskriptif. Variabel dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pendaftaran online berbasis android dan tingkat kepuasan pasien. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang memeriksakan kehamilan (antenatal care) ataupun yang datang untuk mengimunisasikan bayi/balitanya sejumlah 59 pasien. Peneliti menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan HTML dengan menggunakan database MySQL untuk merancang aplikasi. Hasil dari uji fungsi aplikasi menggunakan uji blackbox adalah semua fungsi menu dan item aplikasi dinyatakan valid, sehingga aplikasi layak untuk digunakan. Edukasi telah dilakukan kepada pasien khususnya pasien imunisasi dan antenatal care. Hasil dari implementasi aplikasi pendaftaran online berbasis android dengan menggunakan kuesioner kepuasan didapatkan rata-rata skor 3,01 yang berarti bahwa pasien menyatakan puas dalam menggunakan aplikasi. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi pendaftaran online berbasis android dapat mempermudah pasien dalam melakukan proses pendaftaran di BPM Ovalya Makarova Kecamatan Pujon. Perlunya perbaikan dan pengembangan aplikasi yang dapat dilakukan oleh peneliti lain, seperti menu tambahan pada aplikasi pendaftaran online berbasis android.

scholarly journals Model evaluasi diri sekolah menengah kejuruan di Daerah Isitimewa Yogyakarta

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuchron Nuchron ◽  
Soenarto Soenarto ◽  
FX. Sudarsono
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Vocational High Schools

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model evaluasi diri yang efektif dan dapat memberikan hasil yang akurat dan menunjukkan kelebihan dan manfaat untuk pengambilan keputusan pengembangan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 8 SMK di DIY. Fokus penelitian untuk mengetahui problem internal sekolah yang dihadapi, tujuan yang akan dicapai, dan capaian program yang telah diperoleh, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan sekolah mendatang secara berkelanjutan. Metode pengembangan melalui pendekatan R&D (Research and Development) yang dikembangkan oleh Borg and Gall terdiri 10 tahapan/langkah yaitu: penelitian dan pengumpulan informasi, perencanaan, membangun prarencana produk, uji pendahuluan, revisi produk, uji produk di lapangan, revisi produk operasional, uji operasional di lapangan, revisi produk akhir, dan tahap penyebaran dan pelaksanaan. Pengembangan untuk memperoleh komponen dan indikator mutu sekolah digunakan dua pendekatan, yakni teknik Delphi dan focus group discussion (FGD). Spesifikasi produk adalah model evaluasi diri yang dikembangkan berbasis teori, hasil riset, dan informasi yang dapat digunakan untuk menetapkan kinerja SMK berupa: Panduan Umum (Guideline), Instrumen, dan Panduan Pengisian Instrumen, analisis data dan hasil evaluasi. A MODEL OF SELF-EVALUATION FOR VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS IN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTAAbstractThe research aims to develop a model of effective self-evaluation, to provide an accurate result and to show the advantages of implementation within the decision making. The research wass conducted in 8 vocational high schools in Yogyakarta. The focus of the research is to find the internal problems that the school encounters, the objective that the school would like to achieve and the achievements that the school has accomplished so that the research might be used as the foundation for the school development in the future. The development method by means of Research and Development (R&D) developed by Borg and Gall consists of 10 stages namely: research and information gathering, planning, pre-plan product assembling, preliminary test, product revision, field test, operational product revision, operational field test, final product revision and implementation/distribution. The development for attaining the component and the indicator of quality is obtained by means of two approaches, namely Delphi and focus group discussion (FGD). The product spesification is a model of self-evaluation being developed based on the theory, the results of research and information. Then, the items that might be used evaluating the performance of vocational high school are: Guideline, Instrument and Instrument Manual, data analysis and results of evaluation.

scholarly journals Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Wisconsin Gait Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6903
Author(s):  
Cecilia Estrada-Barranco ◽  
Vanesa Abuín-Porras ◽  
Javier López-Ruiz ◽  
Ismael Sanz-Esteban ◽  
Francisco Molina-Rueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Back Translation

Introduction: the Wisconsin Gait Scale (WGS) has been shown to be a valid and quick tool for analyzing gait in post-stroke people in the clinical setting. Its widespread use has led to versions of the scale in other languages, but so far there has been no version in Spanish. Objective: to conduct a cross-cultural adaptation of the WGS for use in the Spanish-speaking population and to analyze the content validity. Materials and methods: the Spanish version was obtained using the double translation method and back translation method, followed by a review by an expert committee. This expert committee evaluated the content validity index (CVI) for each item on the version obtained and for the entire scale (scale content validity index (S-CVI)). The item content validity index (I-CIV) was calculated as the number of experts whose score had been 3 or 4 divided by the total number of experts. To obtain the S-CVI, the middle of the I-CVI was calculated for all the items on the scale. Results: the Spanish version of the WGS was obtained after the expert committee evaluation. The CVI was excellent for its general assessment (0.91), excellent for 85.7% of its items (≥0.78), and good for 14.3% of the CVI (≥0.72). Conclusions: the Spanish version of the WGS was developed through a process of cross-cultural adaptation from its original English version, and, according to an expert committee, it had an excellent content validity.

scholarly journals Education Course Syllabus Development, Thai Language Major according to Buddhism Way of Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Chaiwat Waree
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Educational Management ◽  
Thai Language ◽  
Course Syllabus

<p class="apa">This research aims to develop Education Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand by using Taba’s Approach and to evaluate the efficiency of Education Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand. This research was conducted according to research and development format and its operation was divided into 2 phases including: Phase 1: Education Course Syllabus Development, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand; Phase 2: Evaluation on efficiency of Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand conducted by the expert. The results showed that the elements of Education Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand were as follows: syllabus principles and objectives, syllabus structure, educational management plan, course description, criteria, assessment, and Curriculum Quality Assurance. The result of the evaluation on efficiency of Course Syllabus, Thai language major, according to Buddhism way of Thailand conducted by the expert showed that the quality of this syllabus was, in overall, in the highest level at mean = 4.62 and S.D. = 0.42.</p>

THE TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE OF THE EFFORT SCALE BETWEEN CHINESE AND PORTUGUESE TRAVEL AGENTS

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-932
Author(s):  
Yi-Jung Chen ◽  
Pei-Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Method ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Translation Method ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Travel Industry

The problem of establishing translation equivalence of the Effort Scale (O'Neil & Snow, 1990) to Chinese and Portuguese was examined with the goal of conducting cross-cultural research on attributions of success and failure in the travel industry of Taiwan and Brazil. The methods of establishing translation equivalence utilized here included a judgmental back-translation method and a statistical method. A group of 80 bilingual travel agents made up of 34 Brazilian travel agents and 46 Chinese travel agents, of ages ranging from 25 to 40 years old, completed the source and target versions of the Effort Scale.

scholarly journals Proposal for Research and Development of Research Tools: “The Role of Theory in Understanding and Resolving the Reliability Crisis”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate Breznau
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Causal Inference ◽  
German Science ◽  
German Science Foundation ◽  
Research Tools

This is a copy of a successful German Science Foundation application proposing to conduct research on the reliability of science, and to develop applications that can help address this reliability. It focuses on the role of theory and causal inference from a meta-perspective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document