scholarly journals Queer representation in Arab and Middle Eastern Films

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Maria Abdel Karim
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Audience Reception ◽  
Queer Identity ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
Queer Representation ◽  
Women's Cinema

Queer representations have been present since the 1930s in Arab and Middle Eastern cinema, albeit always in coded forms. However, the idea of homosexuality or queerness in the Middle East is still not tolerated due to religious, political, social and cultural reasons. Middle Eastern filmmakers who represent homosexual relations in their films could face consequences ranging from censorship to punishment by the State or religious extremists. This article explores the representation of lesbians in three transnational Middle Eastern women’s films: Caramel (Sukkar banat, 2007) by Nadine Labaki, set in Lebanon, Circumstance (2011) by Maryam Keshavarz, set in Iran, and In Between (Bar Bahar, 2016) by Maysaloun Hamoud, set in Israel/Palestine. It analyses the position the female lesbian protagonists occupy in the narrative structure and their treatment within the cinematic discourse. The article will examine mise-en-scène elements and compare each director’s stylistic and directorial approach in representing homosexuality within different social and cultural contexts. It will also prompt discussions related to queer identity, queer feminism, women’s cinema, audience reception and spectatorship within the Middle East.

scholarly journals All in the Family

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Allen McDuffee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
State University ◽  
The Family ◽  
Georgia State University ◽  
The Status

Despite the instability usually attributed to the Middle East, today one finds anunusual level of stability in eight of its monarchies. When mosl countries of theworld are converting to some form of "democracy," what has led this type ofstate system to such stability? In his book, All in the Family, Michael Herb,Assistant Professor of Political Science at Georgia State University, providesthe most thought-provoking work on Middle Eastern monarchies since rentierstate theory became fashionable. Herb determines that "there are two distinctforms of monarchism in the Middle East. One is resilient and the other is not''(p. 235). His basic thesis is that the key to the survival, persistence, andresilience of monarchies in the Middle East is the willingness and ability of theruling families to saturate the most important positions in the state apparatus.He terms this "dynastic monarchism"-the idea that "the ruling family formsitself into a ruling institution, monopolizing the key offices of the state" (p.235). In the unsuccessful type of monarchy, the king "maneuvers among variousforces-the army, the parliament, and the parties-and when he loses balancethe monarchy falls" (p. 235). Case studies are used to illustrate bothmonarchical models: dynastic (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United ArabEmirates, Bahrain, and Oman) and nondynastic (Libya, Egypt, Iraq, Iran.Morocco, Jordan, and Afghanistan - usually excluded from studies on theMiddle East). This book relies on comparative analysis and is based not onlyon archival research, but also on interviews and secondary sources.In the second and third chapters, "The Emergence of Dynastic Monarchy andthe Causes of Its Persistence" and "Arabian Society and the Emergence of thePetro-State," respectively, the reader gets a sense of the rise of the petro-stateand how it enabled dynastic monarchies to emerge. He asserts that theyemerged because the ruler's relatives "had powerful bargaining resourceswhich they could use to help rulers stay in power, to aid aspiring rulers inachieving power, or to attack and depose sitting rulers" (p. 22). Tims, the emergenceof the petro-state added another dimension in intrafamily negotiations.Dynasties consolidate power by limiting the status of any individual or clique.Coalitions are built by the rulers through distribution of government positionsto relatives as a means of assuring their cooperation. Dynasties are strengthenedby forming consensus on the issue of succession rather than depending onprimogeniture. As a result, a ruler is held accountable to his family who ...

Opposition and Control in Turkey

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şerif Mardin
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
The State ◽  
Usual Sense ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
Arab States ◽  
And Control

Turkey is not in the usual sense a developing country. It is a state, the fabric of which has endured for a number of centuries. Consequently, its political culture embodies elements which go far back into history. It has both an ethos and eidos of service to the state and a bureaucratic apparatus which for centuries has been entrusted with the application of the values embodied in its political culture. The structure of the state has been somewhat looser in Iran, but there too, the situation is appreciably different from what it is in the Arab states or Pakistan where the structure of the state is recent, its mark on the ethos of the people slight and its political traditions embryonic. In the case of Turkey and to a less extent in Iran, some of the crucial problems of developing nations – problems which are acute in many Arab states – such as those of building up an identity as a nation, overcoming particularistic allegiances, launching oneself into the take-off stages of industrialization are well on the way to solution. We are faced then, under the rubric of ‘Middle East’ with a number of countries which are at different stages on the scale of modernization. By itself, this would suffice to make the subsuming of all Middle Eastern countries under a single heading extremely unwise.

Political Culture Approach to Middle East Politics

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ben-Dor
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
The State ◽  
Middle Eastern Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle East Politics ◽  
State Of The Field

Ten years ago dissatisfaction with the state of studying Middle East politics may well have led one to believe that to a very large extent, the shortage of scholars qualified in the esoteric languages, elaborate traditions, and long history of the area was to blame. In fact, at the time there was a good deal of justification to speak of an expected shortage of experts in Middle Eastern studies, to the point where importing such scholars from abroad was considered as an alternative. Today, the problem seems to be more to find positions for fair numbers of fresh Ph.D.s in Middle Eastern history, sociology, and politics. The dissatisfaction with the state of the field, however, remains intact.

Defining the State in the Middle East: A Report on the Second of Three Workshops Organized by The Social Science Research Council’s Joint Committee on the Near and Middle East

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Mitchell ◽  
Roger Owen
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Background Material

The SSRC’S Joint Near and Middle East Committee has organized a series of workshops on the state in its Middle Eastern context. The format consists of discussions of papers written by members of the committee, as well as of articles and chapters of books presented as background material by a small number of invited guests. A report on the first workshop, held at Buyukada, Istanbul, in September 1989 appeared in the MESA Bulletin 24 (1990), pages 179 to 183. A third workshop was held at St. Antony’s College, Oxford in December 1990.

scholarly journals Women in the Middle East: Past and Present

1970 ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Nadia El Cheick
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Women's History ◽  
The State ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Scholarly Output ◽  
And Gender ◽  
General Synthesis ◽  
State Of The Field

Anyone engaged in the study of Islamic and Middle Eastern women’s history will be familiar with the vast output of Nikki Keddie in this field. Her contributions have been seminal in propelling the investigation of women and gender relations in a variety of historical contexts. This book includes both new and old material, brought together by the author’s formidable goal of providing a general synthesis of the state of the field at this moment. Relying on the rapidly evolving expansion ofresearch and scholarly output, it covers the period from pre-Islam until the present.

Defining the State in the Middle East

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Mitchell ◽  
Roger Owen
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The State ◽  
State And Society ◽  
State Creation

The SSRC’s Joint Near and Middle East Committee has been organizing a series of workshops on the State in its Middle Eastern context. Its aim is to continue the discussions initiated at the Conference on State and Society which it organized at Aix-en-Provence in March 1988. The first workshop was held at Büyükada, Istanbul, in September 1989 under the general title of “State Creation and Transformation” and the second at Hanover, New Hampshire, in March 1990 under the title “Vocabularies of the State.” A third and last workshop will be held in Oxford in December 1990, after which it is hoped to publish most of the papers in book form.

scholarly journals Sansone e la Guerra fredda

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Gerlini
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The State ◽  
Arab Nationalism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War

The possibility of the use of nuclear weapons by Israel has been defined as the "Samson option", since such an eventuality would have led to the death of all the modern Philistines, that is the enemies of the State. Instead, if we interpret the circumstances and the events that marked Israel's achievement of the nuclear option through the history of international relations, then it can be seen as an element of the post-war construction of the Middle East, that is a passage in that Middle-Eastern Cold War that had such an influence on the confrontation between the superpowers. Through the use of previously unpublished archive sources and an attentive bibliographic review, the author traces through the 1953-1963 decade the construction of a Middle-Eastern American order that was created at the expense of Arab nationalism and the Soviet influence, partly as a result of the intervention of Washington in the Israeli nuclear option.

The Effect of the Political Situation in the City of Jerusalem on the Rights of the Jerusalem Women

1970 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Fadwa Al-Labadi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City ◽  
Legislative Processes

The concept of citizenship was introduced to the Arab and Islamic region duringthe colonial period. The law of citizenship, like all other laws and regulations inthe Middle East, was influenced by the colonial legacy that impacted the tribal and paternalistic systems in all aspects of life. In addition to the colonial legacy, most constitutions in the Middle East draw on the Islamic shari’a (law) as a major source of legislation, which in turn enhances the paternalistic system in the social sector in all its dimensions, as manifested in many individual laws and the legislative processes with respect to family status issues. Family is considered the nucleus of society in most Middle Eastern countries, and this is specifically reflected in the personal status codes. In the name of this legal principle, women’s submission is being entrenched, along with censorship over her body, control of her reproductive role, sexual life, and fertility.

Akulturasi Budaya pada Ornamen Eksterior Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah: Analisis Semiotik

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Panji Maulani
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
Observational Measures ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Library Research

ABSTRAKProses penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan penelitian lapangan danpenelitian kepustakaan. Analisis mendalam terkait akulturasi budaya pada arsitektur MasjidAgung Jawa Tengah didapat melalui penggunaan metode deskriptif-analitik dengan langkahlangkahobservatif. Langkah-langkah tersebut disesuaikan dengan sumber terkait, sehinggadata pada objek penelitian dapat dideskripsikan serta dianalisis dengan pendekatan budayadan arsitektur. Penelitian ini menjadi penting untuk dilakukan karena Masjid Agung JawaTengah memiliki ornamen eksterior yang sangat khas, berbeda dengan ornamen masjidraya-masjid raya lain di Indonesia, yang umumnya memiliki ornamen eksterior yang hanyaberakulturasi dengan budaya Timur Tengah. Pada Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah kita dapatmerasakan suasana seperti di masjid Nabawi dan suasana Colloseum di zaman Romawi.Terdapat 6 buah payung hidrolik seperti di masjid Nabawi dan gerbang Al-Qanathir yangmenyerupai Colloseum pada pelataran masjid akibat pembangunan Masjid Agung JawaTengah menggunakan paduan tiga unsur budaya: Jawa, Timur Tengah, dan Romawi.Kata kunci: akulturasi, ornamen, masjid agung, Jawa TengahABTRACTThe research process was conducted by field research and library research. Depthanalysis related to acculturation on the architecture of the Central Java Great Mosque obtainedusing descriptive-analytic method with observational measures. The steps are adapted to thecorresponding source, so that data on the research object can be described and analyzed withcultural and architectural approach. This research becomes important thing to do because ofthe Great Mosque of Central Java has a very distinctive exterior ornament, in contrast to theother great mosques in Indonesia, whose the exterior ornament is generally only acculturatedwith Middle Eastern culture. In Central Java Great Mosque we can feel the atmosphere likeat the Nabawi Mosque and the atmosphere of the Colosseum in Roman times. There are sixpieces of hydraulic umbrella like in Nabawi Mosque and Al-Qanathir gate that resembles theColosseum in the courtyard of the mosque as the result of the construction of the Central JavaGreat Mosque using a combination of three elements of culture: Java, Middle East, and Roman.Keywords: acculturation, ornament, grand mosque, Central Java

Iraq's regional standing In the International Competition situation in the Middle East

2019 ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Arkan Ibrahim Adwan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The State ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Competition Situation

The researcher aimed to identify the most important elements of power for the state of Iraq. As a historically had a country of prestige and influence in its regional, which has made it very important to global and regional powers, in order to achieve their interests in the region.

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