scholarly journals WOMEN IN MILITARY SISTEM: BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND VULNERABILITY

2016 ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
NADJA FURLAN ŠTANTE
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Menstrual Blood ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Women In The Military ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Military Profession ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The paper brings together perceptions and concerns about the practical consequences of the misconceptions of the concept of women’s vulnerability and the question of negative gender stereotypes and prejudices regarding women in military profession. The emancipation viewpoint within the context of women in the military profession and women confronting cobat (war) situations and equivalence, is introduced within the universal orientation of the impact of negative gender stereotypes and prejudices formed and perpetuated within religion-society cyrcle and confronted with the issue of understanding women as both offensive and defensive weapons of war. Within popular discourse, women’s bodies, menstrual blood, and female sexuality can be used as tactics of war because of the potency of their association with the danger of nature. To that extent the vulnerability of women’s bodies could be understood as the one being violated and abused to violet others. Prispevek poskuša združiti vprašanje posledic napačnega razumevanja in tolmačenja ranljivosti žensk ter vprašanja negativnega vpliva spolnih stereotipov in predsodkov na položaj žensk v vojaškem sistemu. Emancipacijski vidik v kontekstu vprašanja žensk v vojaškem poklicu in žensk na kriznih, bojnih (vojnih) žariščih in v kriznih situacijah je soočen s posledicami vpliva negativnih spolnih stereotipov in predsodkov, ki so jih oblikovale in favorizirale zahodne družbeno-religijske agende, in posledično izzvan z vprašanjem razumevanja ženske kot ofenzivnega in defenzivnega vojaškega orožja. V popularnem diskurzu se namreč ženska telesa, menstrualna kri in ženska seksualnost zaradi učinkovitosti združevanja predsodka nevarnosti žensk z nevarnostjo narave pogosto uporabljajo kot vojaška taktika. V tem smislu bi lahko ranljivost ženskih teles razumeli v kontekstu tistih, ki so zlorabljena in podvržena nasilju nasilnih drugih (moških, sistema itn.).

scholarly journals How to deal with conflict without using violence? Analysis of the colombian state and the law of victims, taking away arguments to illegal armed groups

Ad-gnosis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Nelson Cano Holguín ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western World ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The Colombian conflict has been one of the longest running disputes in the Western world. Although the signing of the peace treaty in 2016 gave hope back to the territory, this process did not happen overnight, so it was necessary to go through a historical journey to get the results today, where one of its fundamental milestones was the law of victims and the framework for peace. Through a review of the literature, this article seeks to analyze the impact on the Colombian conflict and the dynamics of the actors involved from the perspective of the law of victims. Among the most significant findings is that the Victims’ Law should not be seen as a panacea to solve all the country’s problems. Few recognize that it is a first step in the right direction, and the government’s courage to take it must be stressed. In that sense, the authorities must show good intentions, imagination and political will to allow the military response on the one hand, and generate and implement initiatives and policies with facts on the other hand.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Military Profession on Highland Gentry Families, c. 1730 – 1830

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stana Nenadic
Keyword(s):  
Family Formation ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Military Establishment ◽  
British Military ◽  
Family Discord ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Military Profession ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The expansion of the British military establishment from c. 1730 to 1830 is well known, as is the large numbers Scots and particularly highlanders who formed the British officer class. There is a common assumption—in some respects well founded—that the army had a beneficial impact on the political and economic experience of Scotland. This article offers an alternative interpretation through a focus on the social and cultural implications for highland gentry families of having so many male kin engaged in one particular career. The first two sections examine the scale and increasing attractions of military employment relative to other career destinations, notably farming, the legal profession and trade via urban business apprenticeship. Two generations with different motivations are compared, and the importance of the loss of practical farming and commercial expertise is noted. The next section explores the impact of military employment on relationships within families, particularly between officers and their father or elder brother, but also on relationships with female kin and on the broader processes of family formation through marriage. Of particular significance was the tendency towards teenage recruitment among the highland officer class, which removed boys from the influence of family and gave rise to reckless behaviour, extreme individualism and conspicuous consumption, posing major problems for gentry families and estates. The article concludes that although the military profession was a valuable short-term route for disposing of sons in a gentlemanly manner, the impact on their families and on the highlands could be highly disruptive. Yes, there was success and material benefits for a lucky few, but also tragedy, failure and family discord for many.

scholarly journals Promotion of the Military Profession, Recruitment and Selection of Candidates. Conceptual Delimitations

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Aurelia Teodora Drăghici ◽  
Adina Eleonora Spînu
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Voluntary Service ◽  
Compulsory Military Service ◽  
Military Profession ◽  
The One ◽  
Recruitment And Selection ◽  
The Military ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Romania’s security interests and objectives, the army missions in the current geopolitical context and Romania’s obligations as a member of NATO have imposed the continuation of the process of quantitative and qualitative restructuring of the human resources and determined the decision to renounce compulsory military service in favor of the one based on volunteering, starting with the first of January of 2007. The transition from the army based on compulsory military service to the one based on voluntary service imposed the repositioning of the military profession on the Romanian labor market, especially in relation to the competition represented by other similar institutions.

The Impact of Sex and Gender on the Perception of the Personal Security of Uniformed Public Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (29) ◽  
pp. 142-163
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kempa
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Women In The Military ◽  
Personal Security ◽  
Psychological Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The article presents a psychological approach to sex and gender in uniformed public services, and is based on the author’s own research. The research examines the role of women in the military and the popular perception of women participating in the armed forces, as well as possible differences in this regard between the military and the civilian environment. The paper also presents the results of research on the perception of personal security by uniformed public service members when on duty. In the course of the analysis of the factors significant for the investigated phenomenon, i.e. for the psychological gender, a number of specific research problems has been identified. The identified problems are dependent in nature and relate to the significance of relations between variables. The analysis of the research problem, conducted on the basis of subject literature, indicates that psychological gender is one of the significant factors that determine perceived personal security. This factor is chosen as the primary independent variable in this paper. Psychological gender is understood here as spontaneous readiness to apply the dimension of gender in relation to oneself and the external world.

scholarly journals Realtà e memoria di una disfatta

2010 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Short Essay ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Realtà e memoria di una disfatta does not address either the causes of the Six Day War or the consequences that the military conflict had for Israelis and Palestinians, about which much has been written. It focuses instead on the impact of the war on Arab countries, and the weighty legacy left by the defeat of 1967, which has been much less studied. There are several references to this in the short essay by Samir Kassir, L'infelicità araba, published posthumously in Italy in 2006. In his analysis, Kassir warns against falling into the dual trap that has ensnared the Arab world for the last forty years: on the one hand the Orientalist reading that lays the blame on Islam for the delayed modernisation of this part of the world, and on the other the temptation to heap responsibility for all evils on the West. To avoid this risk, as Kassir sees it, the Arabs have to take their destiny into their own hands, shrugging off victimism and coming to terms with modernity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Mammography Screening Guideline Changes Among Women Serving in the U.S. Military

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e2088-e2096
Author(s):  
Julie A Bytnar ◽  
Celia Byrne ◽  
Cara Olsen ◽  
Catherine T Witkop ◽  
Mary Beth Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Women In The Military ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Screening Guideline ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Introduction The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) modified their screening guidelines for breast cancer in November 2009. Previous studies evaluated the impact of these guideline changes among privately and Medicare insured populations. Women in the military form a unique population exposed to many social, environmental, and occupational hazards that may increase breast cancer incidence. By evaluating mammography screening rates among women in the military before and after the USPSTF guideline changes, this study evaluated the impact of the USPSTF breast cancer guideline change on screening mammography use within the military population and determined whether current guidelines were followed for this high-risk population with universal health care access. Materials and methods This study evaluated the impact of the 2009 guideline changes among the population of universally insured military servicewomen, comparing the proportion of active duty women aged 40 to 64 receiving mammograms from fiscal years 2006 to 2015 using an interrupted time series analysis. Stratified analyses evaluated differences by age (aged 40–49, 50–64), race, military branch, and rank. This research is considered exempt by the Uniformed Services University Institutional Review Board. Results The proportion of insured military servicewomen receiving mammograms increased from October 2005 through September 2009. A significant decrease occurred in the first quarter of 2010 following the publication of the screening guideline update. From this new baseline, the proportion of women screened increased again through September 2015. Comparative analyses showed more pronounced effects both immediately and over time among the women aged 50 to 64 compared to those aged 40 to 49 years and among older enlisted women compared with their officer counterparts. The patterns were near identical in all subgroups; however, no changes in rate were evident among Air Force and black servicewomen aged 50 to 64 and Army and Navy/Marine Corps servicewomen aged 40 to 49 years. No racial disparities in screening or impact were noted. Conclusions The USPSTF guidelines had differential impacts among some subpopulations. While older women, aged 50 to 64 years, had a greater temporary reduction immediately after the guideline change, younger women aged 40 to 49 years had a longer-term reduction in screening following the guideline changes. No racial disparities in the proportion screened or in the impact of the guideline change were noted in this population with universal health coverage. The lack of Department of Defense standard breast cancer screening guidelines was evident from the different patterns of mammography utilization observed among military branches. To completely understand the impact of the updated screening guidelines, future studies must incorporate research focusing on changes in breast cancer morbidity and mortality as well as updated cost-benefit analyses.

scholarly journals Character in the British army: A precarious profession

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ian Walker
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
British Army ◽  
Officer Corps ◽  
Army Officer ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Army Officers ◽  
Military Profession ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military

Finding balance between institutional or bureaucratic inclinations and professional ones is a challenge for all professions, but this is especially difficult for the military profession owing to its unique role and the unusual pressures that are placed upon armed forces personnel. The military profession is charged with delivering violence for the benefit of wider society and by morally appropriate means. It is unique among professions by virtue of the authorised use of abhorrent methods and a requirement for personnel to be prepared to die in the performance of their duties. The special conditions of the military profession are further underscored by the supremacy of the mission and group over individual, such that at times institutional imperatives can dominate. The cultivation of appropriate professional military character is clearly a very complex endeavour, particularly when members of the profession must face some of the most challenging conditions imaginable. In this chapter, I shall focus on the British Army to argue that although the British Army Officer Corps is a profession, it must be considered a precarious one owing to an ongoing interplay between institutional and bureaucratic factors on the one hand and a requirement that Army officers exercise professional and ethical autonomy on the other. Moral aspects of the profession form the main emphasis of the chapter since a defining feature of any profession is its ethic or code of ethics (Bayles 1988, Oakley and Cocking 2002, Wolfendale 2009).

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