DEFINIRANJE KONCEPTOV NA PRIMERU VOJAŠKE STRATEGIJE

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-69
Author(s):  
PAVEL VUK
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Military Strategy ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mental Constructs

Povzetek Koncepti ali pojmi kot miselni konstrukti realnega sveta so temeljni sestavni elementi teorij, v katerih so prisotni skozi svoje definicije. Bolj enoznačno in jasno so definirani, bolj nedvoumne so komunikacija med znanstveniki in raziskovalci, opredelitev oziroma zamejitev področja raziskovanja ter konceptualizacija oziroma razčlenitev teoretskega pojma ali koncepta. V prispevku smo tako definiranje koncepta izvedli na primeru vojaške strategije. Metodološki okvir za definiranje koncepta vojaške strategije temelji na Sartorijevi metodi analiziranja konceptov in Goertzevi metodi dodajanja oziroma odvzemanja pridevnikov konceptu. Z analitičnim pristopom razvitja definicije vojaške strategije smo spoznali, da lahko tudi v vojaškem slovenskem pomenoslovju bistveno pripomoremo k omejitvi tako količinske kot tudi kakovostne raznolikosti vojaških terminov, ki se pogostokrat brez jasne konotacije pojavljajo in uporabljajo v strokovnih in znanstvenih delih. Empirični koncept je lahko tudi dobro izhodišče za nadaljnje razmišljanje o smotrnosti pristopa k morebitnemu oblikovanju vojaške strategije v slovenskem prostoru. Ključne besede: koncept, strategija, vojaška strategija. Abstract Concepts as mental constructs of the real world are the fundamental components of theories where they are present through their definitions. The more the concepts are unambiguously and clearly defined, the more explicit are the communication between scientists and researchers, the definition or limitation of the object of research, and the conceptualization or analysis of the theoretical concept. In the article, we used the concept definition in the case of a military strategy. The methodological framework for defining the concept of a military strategy is based on Sartori's method of concept analysis and Goertz’s method of attaching or removing adjectives to and from the concept. With the analytical approach to the development of the definition of a military strategy, we found that in the Slovenian military semantics, too, we can significantly contribute to the limitation of both quantitative and qualitative diversity of military terms, which often appear and are used in professional and scientific works without clear connotations. The empirical concept can also serve as a good starting point for further reflection on the rationality of the approach to the possible formation of a military strategy in the Republic of Slovenia. Key words: Concept, strategy, military strategy.

What Neuroscience Can Tell about Intuitive Processes in the Context of Perceptual Discovery

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2077-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten G. Volz ◽  
D. Yves von Cramon
Keyword(s):  
Initial Guess ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Direct Contrast ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Lateral Portion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conscious Attention ◽  
Potential Content

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, intuition is “the ability to understand or know something immediately, without conscious reasoning.” Most people would agree that intuitive responses appear as ideas or feelings that subsequently guide our thoughts and behaviors. It is proposed that people continuously, without conscious attention, recognize patterns in the stream of sensations that impinge upon them. What exactly is being recognized is not clear yet, but we assume that people detect potential content based on only a few aspects of the input (i.e., the gist). The result is a vague perception of coherence which is not explicitly describable but instead embodied in a “gut feeling” or an initial guess, which subsequently biases thought and inquiry. To approach the nature of intuitive processes, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging when participants were working at a modified version of the Waterloo Gestalt Closure Task. Starting from our conceptualization that intuition involves an informed judgment in the context of discovery, we expected activation within the median orbito-frontal cortex (OFC), as this area receives input from all sensory modalities and has been shown to be crucially involved in emotionally driven decisions. Results from a direct contrast between intuitive and nonintuitive judgments, as well as from a parametric analysis, revealed the median OFC, the lateral portion of the amygdala, anterior insula, and ventral occipito-temporal regions to be activated. Based on these findings, we suggest our definition of intuition to be promising and a good starting point for future research on intuitive processes.

Through the prototypes of through: A corpus-based cognitive analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-70
Author(s):  
Gaëtanelle Gilquin ◽  
Andrew McMichael
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
L1 Acquisition

Abstract This paper empirically tests a number of criteria proposed in the literature to identify the prototype of a linguistic category in order to see how they compare with each other - and what this can tell us about the concept of prototypicality. The item under investigation is through, and the starting point is an intuition-based definition of prototypical through. The different criteria are frequency of use, ease of elicitation, historical origin, patterns in L1 acquisition and patterns in L2 use. All instances of through retrieved for testing each of these criteria are classified according to a taxonomy couched in Construction Grammar terms. The findings confirm the special status of the intuition-based prototype of through (the [X moves through Y] construction) according to some of the criteria, but also reveal divergent results, in particular a central use of the instrumental prepositional phrase with through. Conclusions are drawn about the theoretical concept of prototypicality and its possible multi-faceted nature, and more generally about the place of empirical evidence in Cognitive Linguistics.

scholarly journals Artificial moral agents: an intercultural perspective

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Michael Nagenborg
Keyword(s):  
Poor Countries ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
Artificial Moral Agents ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper I will argue that artificial moral agents (AMAs) are a fitting subject of intercultural information ethics because of the impact they may have on the relationship between information rich and information poor countries. I will give a limiting definition of AMAs first, and discuss two different types of AMAs with different implications from an intercultural perspective. While AMAs following preset rules might raise con-cerns about digital imperialism, AMAs being able to adjust to their user‘s behavior will lead us to the question what makes an AMA ?moral?? I will argue that this question does present a good starting point for an inter-cultural dialogue which might be helpful to overcome the notion of Africa as a mere victim.

The Importance of Intellectual Capital for the Sustainable Growth of Regions

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-106
Author(s):  
Tamara Rađenović ◽  
Bojan Krstić
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Development Strategies

In the knowledge economy era, the importance of intellectual capital as the source of value creation has been well recognized in theory and practice. Only those countries, regions, organizations, and individuals who understand the significance of intellectual resources can improve their performances in the long run. Hence, this chapter aims to investigate the importance of intellectual potentials for the sustainable development of regions. The main contribution of this chapter is the presented methodological framework for measuring the intellectual performance of regions. Additionally, this study provides empirical research regarding regions in the Republic of Serbia. The obtained results can be a good starting point for policymakers in designing regional development strategies and policies.

scholarly journals Theory and practice of training specialists in the sphere of tourism in the Republic of Belarus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (43) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
G. Shchuka
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Tourism Education ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Definition Of

The article examines available in the Republic of Belarus theoretical and methodological framework and practical experience training of tourism. Analyzes the research portfolio of Belarusian scientists, characterized specialty “Tourism and hospitality”: the definition of professional competence of specialist tourism and hospitality, timing and content of theoretical and practical training, distinguishing specializations, examined the implementation of the principle stupnevosti in higher tourism education of the country, the continuity of professional education in tourism . Key words: professional tourist education, training, tourism.

Toward a Study of the Poor and Poverty in Ancient Egypt: Preliminary Thoughts

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Driaux
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Textual Records

Poverty in ancient Egypt remains a rarely-studied subject. For decades Egyptologists have focused their attention mainly on the so-called ‘elite’, while the poor, their housing, their possessions, their diet, or their cultural values, remain largely in the shadows. Although they are much less visible archaeologically, they were much more numerous than the wealthy. Despite these circumstances, ancient Egypt provides a good starting point for discussing how to approach poverty during antiquity, as there are archaeological and textual records that can shed light on this complex issue. This article aims to stimulate reflection on the issue of poverty in the Nile valley and how it can be explored. It seeks also to add nuance to the idea of a strict dichotomy opposing the poor to the elite. In so doing, this paper will present discussion of the definition of poverty.

scholarly journals The evolution of anisogamy does not always lead to male competition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Siljestam ◽  
Ivain Martinossi-Allibert
Keyword(s):  
Intrasexual Competition ◽  
Male Competition ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Gamete Competition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gamete Size ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

Anisogamy has evolved in a large proportion of sexually reproducing multicellular organisms allowing the definition of the female and male sexes, producing large and small gametes, respectively. Anisogamy is the initial sexual dimorphism: it has lead the sexes to experience selection differently, which makes it a good starting point to understand the evolution of further sexual dimorphisms. For instance, it is generally accepted that anisogamy sets the stage for more intense intrasexual competition in the male sex than in the female sex. However, we argue that this idea may rely on assumptions on the conditions under which anisogamy has evolved in the first place. We consider here two widely accepted scenarios for the evolution of anisogamy: gamete competition or gamete limitation. We present a mechanistic mathematical model in which both gamete size and an intrasexual competition trait for fertilisation can coevolve in a population starting without dimorphism between its two mating types. Two different intrasexual competition traits are investigated, gamete motility and the ability of gametes to capture gametes of the opposite mating type. We show that gamete competition and gamete limitation can lead to greatly different outcomes in terms of which sex competes most for fertilisation. Our results suggest that gamete competition is most likely to lead to stronger competition in males. On the other hand, under gamete limitation, competition in form of motility can evolve in either sex while gamete capture mainly evolves in females. This study suggests that anisogamy does not per se lead to more intense male competition. The conditions under which anisogamy evolves matter, as well as the competition trait considered.

scholarly journals The spatial and planning aspect of solving the issue of radioactive waste disposal in the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Stefanovic ◽  
Nikola Krunic ◽  
Natasa Danilovic-Hristic
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Guidelines ◽  
Spatial Plan

In the Republic of Serbia, radioactive waste has been stored for many years at the Vinca location near Belgrade. However, the location is not suitable for this purpose. It is necessary to define a location for radioactive waste disposal in Serbia in accordance with international criteria, strict spatial conditions and planning solutions of national interest. The need to conduct research that will define potential zones for radioactive waste disposal is the basic starting point in this paper. The framework of the research is the development of the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia from 2021 to 2035, on the basis of which it is possible to determine potential zones for the construction of a radioactive waste disposal. In this paper, the authors present the results of research on spatial constraints from the aspects of geological and hydrological conditions, spatial protection, and distribution of the population, settlements and buildings, etc. A special contribution it makes is the additional analysis of conditionality in relation to the planned purposes and activities of national and priority importance in Serbia. The collection, processing and presentation of spatial data is the result of analyses conducted with the support of geographic information systems. The research contributes to a definition of potential zones, within the scope of which it is necessary to conduct further research and select the optimal location for a radioactive waste disposal. The paper provides methodological guidelines for further scientific research into the spatial aspects of radioactive waste disposal in Serbia, at the same time pointing out possible directions for further resolution of this issue in practice.

Holism, Chinese Medicine and Systems Ideologies: Rewriting the Past to Imagine the Future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Scheid
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Us ◽  
Shared Objective ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter explores the articulations that have emerged over the last half century between various types of holism, Chinese medicine and systems biology. Given the discipline’s historical attachments to a definition of ‘medicine’ that rather narrowly refers to biomedicine as developed in Europe and the US from the eighteenth century onwards, the medical humanities are not the most obvious starting point for such an inquiry. At the same time, they do offer one advantage over neighbouring disciplines like medical history, anthropology or science and technology studies for someone like myself, a clinician as well as a historian and anthropologist: their strong commitment to the objective of facilitating better medical practice. This promise furthermore links to the wider project of critique, which, in Max Horkheimer’s definition of the term, aims at change and emancipation in order ‘to liberate human beings from the circumstances that enslave them’. If we take the critical medical humanities as explicitly affirming this shared objective and responsibility, extending the discipline’s traditional gaze is not a burden but becomes, in fact, an obligation.

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