scholarly journals Lubrication properties of dodecanedioate esters-based bio-lubricant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1117-1125
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Lubrication Properties

Interest in the synthesis of new bio-lubricants with improved lubricity properties and higher quality is increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the bio-lubrication properties of synthesized dodecanedioate esters-based bio-lubricant. Thirteen samples of dodecanedioate esters with different chemical structures were synthesized. The results showed that di-2-methylbutyl dodecanedioate (D2MBD), di-2-ethylbutyl dodecanedioate (D2EBD), and di-2-ethylhexyl dodecanedioate (D2EHD) showed good low-temperature properties with very low pour point (PP) values of -45 oC, -35 oC, and -55 oC, respectively. Di-oleyl dodecanedioate (DOlD) showed a remarkable flash point (FP) value of 300 oC; however, it showed poor oxidative stability (OXS) at 177 oC. The results showed increases in flash point (FP), viscosity index (VI), and oxidative stability (OXT) with increasing carbon chain length and branching in the employed alcohol. Furthermore, friction coefficient, Newtonian and non-Newtonian properties were tested. The results showed that the tested dodecanedioate esters, which have high molecular weight had a low friction coefficient, and they were classified as non-Newtonian fluids except DOLD was classified as a Newtonian fluid. In general, based on the results, the branched dodecanedioate esters can be used as lubricant without additives.

scholarly journals Chemically modified Jatropha curcas oil for biolubricant applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
Nurazira Nor ◽  
Nadia Salih ◽  
Jumat Salimon
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Oxirane Oxygen ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas Oil

Jatropha curcas oil is one of interesting renewable resources for preparation of biolubricants. However, direct application of this oil as a biolubricant is restricted due to its low oxidative stability. This drawback can be overcome by molecule structural redesign through a chemical modification process at its unsaturated functional groups. Jatropha curcas oil was modified via epoxidation, ring opening and esterification processes. Its conversion to the epoxidized oil was performed by using in situ performic acid as a catalyst, then reaction with oleic acid in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst in the ring opening process. The final esterification process with oleic acid was catalyzed by sulfuric acid. Molecular structures of the modified oil were determined by measurements of the oxirane oxygen content and by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR) spectroscopy analyses. The results showed that the oxidative stability, viscosity, flash point and pour point of the final product were significantly improved. In specific, the ring opening and esterification processes inducing branching and bending in the final oil molecular structure have resulted in the improved viscosity index of 135, the pour point of -29?C and the increased flash point of 250?C.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of CuO-ZnO Nano Additive for Lubricant

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Buddha Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Hira Mani Trital ◽  
Armila Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Mixed Metal Oxide ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Copper Strip ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Mixed Metal

A mixed metal oxide (CuO-ZnO) additives has been successfully synthesized in laboratory by co-precipitation technique. The optimum ratio of CuO and ZnO in mixed metal oxide was found to be 1:1. The sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) has been used as surfactant. The obtained material was found to be crystalline having crystalline size of 18 nm. The stretching band in FTIR spectra at around 1072 cm-1 to 750 cm-1 and around 600 cm-1 indicates the presence of Zn-O and Cu-O bonds. As prepared nano-particles have been used as nano additive in base oil to improve physio-chemical parameters of lubricants. The results revealed that the additive blended base oil (lubricant) has shown excellent lubrication properties. The higher kinematic viscosity of 33.0504 and 6.0158 at 40°C and 100°C respectively showed that as prepared additive blended lubricant is of ISO-32 category according to ISO grading system for lubricants. Similarly, viscosity index was found to be improved from 101 to 129. The pour point was found to be significantly decreased from -6°C to -24°C. So it can be used as good pour point depressant and could be used even in the extreme cold environment condition. The flash point was found to be increased from 215°C to 220°C indicating that the prepared mixed metal oxide (CuO-ZnO) acts as flash point enhancer. The copper strip corrosion rating was found to be 1b for additive indicating the non corrosive nature. The absence of moisture and pH around the neutral range 6.18 showed the additive blended lubricant is not harmful for machinery devices.

Biodegradable Lubricant from Idesia polycarpa Maxim. var. vestita Diels Oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 506-509
Author(s):  
Quan Yi Wang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Shun Yao ◽  
Hang Song
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biodegradable Lubricant

The chemical modified Idesia polycarpa Maxim. var. vestita Diels (IPMVVD) oil as a biodegradable lubricant was described in the paper. IPMVVD oil was modified by epoxidation and reaction of ring opening to resolve poor oxidative stability and low-temperature fluidity when vegetable oils as lubricants directly. The effects of the parameters in the process were studied, and then the product was evaluated. The results showed that the modified IPMVVD oil had higher viscosity index and superior oxidative stability comparing with unmodified oil; its mixtures with Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) offered a wide range of kinematic viscosities and lower pour point (-22°C), displayed preferable low temperature performance.

scholarly journals Lubricity, Tribological and Rheological Properties of Green Ester Oil Prepared from Bio-Based Azelaic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1363-1369
Author(s):  
Waled Abdo Ahmed ◽  
Nadia Salih ◽  
Jumat Salimon
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Azelaic Acid ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Hydraulic Fluids ◽  
Gear Oils

Plant oil derived compounds have been used as the raw material for the synthesis of green biolubricant. Azelaic acid derived from oleic acid is one of the interesting compounds. The synthesis of azelate esters oil based synthetic green biolubricants was carried out. The esterification process of azelaic acid with variety type of alcohols was catalyzed by concentrated H2SO4. The yields percentages of azelate esters oil produced were varied depending their overall molecular structure. The azelate esters oil properties were evaluated for their suitability as a biolubricant. The results showed that the linear azelate esters oil showed high pour point values in a range of 15 to 5 ºC for di-decyl azelate, di-octyl azelate and di-hexyl azelate respectively. On the other hands, the branch azelate esters oil showed very low pour point of -70, -58 and -50 ºC for di-2-butyloctyl azelate, di-2-ethylhexanol azelate and di-2-ethylbutyl azelate, respectively. Moreover, the linear azelate esters oil gave high values of flash point, viscosity index and oxidative stability, and they were slightly affected by branching molecule structure. The tribological and rheological properties of high molecular azelate esters oil were also performed. Subsequently, most of them were classified as non-Newtonian fluids and having boundary lubrication properties with low friction coefficient. The branch azelate esters oil is plausible to be used as green biolubricants in many applications including automotive, marine engine oils, compressor oils, hydraulic fluids, gear oils and industrial biolubricants.

Development and study of new oil compositions on industrial dioktylcebacylic oils adding esters of 2.5,5.5-tetrametylolcyclopethane

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
M.A. Mammadyarov ◽  
◽  
G.N. Gurbanov ◽  
L.M. Yusifova ◽  
G.Z. Hasanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Stability ◽  
The Future

Complex esters of 2.5,5.5-tetrametylolcyclopethane with heptanedioic and hexanoic acids, as well as methyl and 2-ethylhexyl alcohols have been synthesized and studied. Few compositions have been obtained adding these esters to the industrial ones of 5-20 % diisooktyl sebacylic. It was defined that exploitation characteristics of these compositions are significantly higher than those of DOS: viscosity index, flash point, thermal oxidative stability and lubricating characteristics. Based on these parameters, it is recommended to use in the future these compositions in the preparation of aircraft oils of gas-turbine engines instead of DOS esters.

Superlubricity Mechanism of Brasenia Schreberi Mucilage

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjin Li ◽  
Jianbin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Glass Surface ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Lubrication Mechanism ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Hydration Layer ◽  
Brasenia Schreberi ◽  
Lubrication Properties

An eatable aquatic plant, Brasenia schreberi, was found owning excellent lubrication properties with an ultra-low friction coefficient about 0.005 between its surface and a glass surface. The friction coefficient is closely related to the structure of mucilage and the content of water in the mucilage. Many nano-sheets were found in the mucilage surrounding the Brasenia schreberi. The lubrication mechanism is proposed due to forming hydration layer among these nano-sheets with plenty of bond water molecules. The excellent lubrication property has obvious application for the fabrication of glossy pill coated by such kind of mucilage, which would prevent pill lodging in people’s throat, especially for children.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THERMAL OXIDATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL FUELS WITH ESTERS OF CYCLIC POLYATOMIC ALCOHOLS

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
L.M. Yusifova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Stability ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Polyatomic Alcohols ◽  
Hydrotreated Diesel

A number of symmetric, asymmetric and complex esters of 2,2,5,5-tetramethylolcyclopentanol and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylolcyclohexanol were synthesized, their physicochemical, viscosity-temperature and thermo-oxidative properties were studied. With the addition of these esters to hydrotreated diesel fuels 0.004% it was possible to significantly improve the operational properties of fuels: to increase thermal oxidative stability, flash point and lower pour point. Proceeding from these results, the esters of cyclic polyatomic alcohols are recommended as complex additives to diesel fuels

scholarly journals Hydrocracking diversity in n-dodecane isomerization on Pt/ZSM-22 and Pt/ZSM-23 catalysts and their catalytic performance for hydrodewaxing of lube base oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1752-1763
Author(s):  
Shan-Bin Gao ◽  
Zhen Zhao ◽  
Xue-Feng Lu ◽  
Ke-Bin Chi ◽  
Ai-Jun Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Vacuum Distillate ◽  
Base Oil

AbstractNobel metallic Pt/ZSM-22 and Pt/ZSM-23 catalysts were prepared for hydroisomerization of normal dodecane and hydrodewaxing of heavy waxy lube base oil. The hydroisomerization performance of n-dodecane indicated that the Pt/ZSM-23 catalyst preferred to crack the C–C bond near the middle of n-dodecane chain, while the Pt/ZSM-22 catalyst was favorable for breaking the carbon chain near the end of n-dodecane. As a result, more than 2% of light products (gas plus naphtha) and 3% more of heavy lube base oil with low-pour point and high viscosity index were produced on Pt/ZSM-22 than those on Pt/ZSM-23 while using the heavy waxy vacuum distillate oil as feedstock.

The Synthesis and Properties of 3-(2'-Benzothiazolyl)coumarin Fluorescent Dyes for Polyester Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1825-1828
Author(s):  
Shang Ming Lin ◽  
Dan Dan Yao ◽  
Zong Han Chu ◽  
Shao Hai Fu
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Polyester Fabrics ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Coumarin Ring

Fluorescent dyes based on 3-(2'-benzothiazolyl)coumarin were synthesized by a simple condensing reaction in this study. The chemical structures of synthesized compounds were subjected to FT-IR, 1H-NMR, Mass and UV/Vis analysis for color characteristics. Polyester fabrics dyed with the compounds were evaluated by color strength and color fastness to washing, perspiration and light of ISO. The results showed that all dyes decide after identified by IR, MS and 1H-NMR the structure is correct. And then all dyes were used to the dyeing of polyester fabrics. It was clearly that color strength increased with the increasing of the amount of carbon in the 7-position of coumarin ring. The level of color fastness to washing and perspiration were 4-5 or more, while the level of color fastness to light decreased with an increase of carbon chain length.

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