Biodegradable Lubricant from Idesia polycarpa Maxim. var. vestita Diels Oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 506-509
Author(s):  
Quan Yi Wang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Shun Yao ◽  
Hang Song
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biodegradable Lubricant

The chemical modified Idesia polycarpa Maxim. var. vestita Diels (IPMVVD) oil as a biodegradable lubricant was described in the paper. IPMVVD oil was modified by epoxidation and reaction of ring opening to resolve poor oxidative stability and low-temperature fluidity when vegetable oils as lubricants directly. The effects of the parameters in the process were studied, and then the product was evaluated. The results showed that the modified IPMVVD oil had higher viscosity index and superior oxidative stability comparing with unmodified oil; its mixtures with Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) offered a wide range of kinematic viscosities and lower pour point (-22°C), displayed preferable low temperature performance.

scholarly journals Chemically modified Jatropha curcas oil for biolubricant applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
Nurazira Nor ◽  
Nadia Salih ◽  
Jumat Salimon
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Oxirane Oxygen ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas Oil

Jatropha curcas oil is one of interesting renewable resources for preparation of biolubricants. However, direct application of this oil as a biolubricant is restricted due to its low oxidative stability. This drawback can be overcome by molecule structural redesign through a chemical modification process at its unsaturated functional groups. Jatropha curcas oil was modified via epoxidation, ring opening and esterification processes. Its conversion to the epoxidized oil was performed by using in situ performic acid as a catalyst, then reaction with oleic acid in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst in the ring opening process. The final esterification process with oleic acid was catalyzed by sulfuric acid. Molecular structures of the modified oil were determined by measurements of the oxirane oxygen content and by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR and 13C NMR) spectroscopy analyses. The results showed that the oxidative stability, viscosity, flash point and pour point of the final product were significantly improved. In specific, the ring opening and esterification processes inducing branching and bending in the final oil molecular structure have resulted in the improved viscosity index of 135, the pour point of -29?C and the increased flash point of 250?C.

Use of Polymers in Viscosity Index Modification of Mineral Oils and Pour Point Depression of Vegetable Oils

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-89
Author(s):  
Dogan Grunberg ◽  
Mert Arca ◽  
Dan Vargo ◽  
Sevim Z. Erhan ◽  
Brajendra K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Mineral Oils

Investigation of Some Base Oil as Biodegradable Water-Cooling Two-Stroke Engine Oil

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongping Tang ◽  
Peng Jin ◽  
Dingwei Sun ◽  
Shaoming Zhang ◽  
Weimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Marine Engines ◽  
Stroke Engine

According to statistics, a large portion of used lubricants remain as potential hazards for the environment. Particularly, about 30 to 50% lubricant used in outboard marine engines is not burned completely and released into the water. As a result, consumers demand environmentally compatible lubricants due to concern about loss of mineral oil-based lubricants to the environment which can result in water contamination and pose a threat to animal and plant life. To prevent bioaccumulation of these materials in aquatic plants and animals, many agencies are considering regulations toward to biodegradable two-stroke outboard marine engines oil. Vegetable oils and ester oils are very suitable to develop “green lubricants”. Ester oils usually show excellent high temperature stability, low temperature fluidity, high viscosity index, very low volatility, good miscibility and biodegradability, but they are expensive and also produce many poisonous materials to environmental during produce process. Vegetable oils are biodegradable, nontoxic and renewable, moreover, their cost is reasonable compared to ester oils. Accordingly, vegetable oils are considered as potential candidates to replace conventional mineral oil-based lubricating oils, but the poor oxidative stability limits their utilization in large scale. Investigation of this work have found that proper percentage rapeseed oil can meet the requirements of biodegradable water-cooling two stroke engine oil, futhermore this two-cycle engine oil has good miscibility without need any miscibility-enhancing solvents. Research results indicate that two-cycle engine oil, which comprised rapeseed oil, ester oil and low viscosity hydrocracked oil as well as functional additives, exhibits good oxidative stability, easy biodegradability and good miscibility.

Chemical Modification of Vegetable Oils for Lubricant Basestocks

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Z. Erhan ◽  
A. Adhvaryu ◽  
Z. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Oil Derivatives ◽  
Mineral Base

Use of vegetable oil based lubricants will reduce petroleum imports and have a favorable environmental impact. The vegetable oils are derived from a renewable sources, biodegradable, non-toxic, possess high flash points and have low volatility. Inadequate oxidative stability and poor low-temperature properties of vegetable oils limit their utilization as lubricants. In this study, we report the development of chemical modification methods to improve these functional properties. The resultant vegetable oil derivatives having diester substitution at the sites of unsaturation shows comparable properties to mineral base fluids.

scholarly journals Lubrication properties of dodecanedioate esters-based bio-lubricant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1117-1125
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Lubrication Properties

Interest in the synthesis of new bio-lubricants with improved lubricity properties and higher quality is increasing. This study aimed to evaluate the bio-lubrication properties of synthesized dodecanedioate esters-based bio-lubricant. Thirteen samples of dodecanedioate esters with different chemical structures were synthesized. The results showed that di-2-methylbutyl dodecanedioate (D2MBD), di-2-ethylbutyl dodecanedioate (D2EBD), and di-2-ethylhexyl dodecanedioate (D2EHD) showed good low-temperature properties with very low pour point (PP) values of -45 oC, -35 oC, and -55 oC, respectively. Di-oleyl dodecanedioate (DOlD) showed a remarkable flash point (FP) value of 300 oC; however, it showed poor oxidative stability (OXS) at 177 oC. The results showed increases in flash point (FP), viscosity index (VI), and oxidative stability (OXT) with increasing carbon chain length and branching in the employed alcohol. Furthermore, friction coefficient, Newtonian and non-Newtonian properties were tested. The results showed that the tested dodecanedioate esters, which have high molecular weight had a low friction coefficient, and they were classified as non-Newtonian fluids except DOLD was classified as a Newtonian fluid. In general, based on the results, the branched dodecanedioate esters can be used as lubricant without additives.

SAE 1020

Alloy Digest ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cold Worked

Abstract SAE 1020 is a low-carbon steel combining good machinability, workability and weldability. It is carburized for use in case-hardened components and it is used for a wide range of applications in the hot-worked, cold-worked, normalized or quenched-and-tempered conditions. Its many uses include bolts, rods, plate applications, machinery components, case-hardened parts, spinning tools and trimming dies. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on low temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-113. Producer or source: Carbon steel mills.

INVAR M93

Alloy Digest ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Precision Alloys ◽  
Ni Alloy

Abstract Invar is an Fe-Ni alloy with 36% Ni content that exhibits the lowest expansion of known metals from very low temperatures up to approximately 230 deg C (445 deg F). Invar M93 is a cryogenic Invar with improved weldability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear and bend strength as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on low temperature performance as well as forming and joining. Filing Code: FE-143. Producer or source: Metalimphy Precision Alloys.

COPPER ALLOY No. 510

Alloy Digest ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Tin Bronze

Abstract COPPER ALLOY No. 510 is a tin bronze containing about 0.25% phosphorus. It combines high strength and toughness with excellent fatigue properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on low temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-238. Producer or source: Brass mills.

AMPCOLOY 570

Alloy Digest ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cobalt Iron

Abstract AMPCOLOY 570 is a cast copper-nickel-aluminum-cobalt-iron alloy specially developed for applications involving severe stresses and high temperatures, such as glass-making molds and plate-glass rolls. It is significantly superior to cast iron which has been commonly used for glass-making molds. Good foundry techniques will yield high-quality castings of Ampcoloy 570 in a wide range of section sizes. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-392. Producer or source: Ampco Metal Inc..

AMPCOLOY 495

Alloy Digest ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Aluminum Bronze ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract AMPCOLOY 495 is a high manganese type of aluminum bronze recommended where high strength and corrosion resistance are required along with good weldability. It is recommended for marine equipment and ship propellers. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and compressive and shear strength as well as fracture toughness, creep, and fatigue. It also includes information on low temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-171. Producer or source: Ampco Metal Inc..

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