scholarly journals Standardization of Test Methods for Commercial Fruit Processing Machines

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
E.E. Podolskaya ◽  
◽  
E.V. Bondarenko ◽  
S.A. Sviridova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Fruit Processing ◽  
Commercial Processing

The concept and significance of commercial processing of fruits, as well as the presence and condition of regulatory documents containing requirements for machines for commercial processing of fruits during testing are discussed. The main provisions of the new standard and prepared up-to-date software designed to improve the accuracy of measurements and reduce labor intensity, accelerated processing and analysis of test results in accordance with the new standard are presented.

Analisa Pengujian Repeatability Timbangan Elektronik dengan Metode Syarat Teknis Timbangan Non Otomatis dan Metode NMI Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Ponco Wali
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Repeat Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Technical Requirements

Testing repeat electronic scales with non-automatic scales technical requirements so far is fairly long if not using a calculator or computer. The aim of this research is to compare the repeatability testing method of electronic scales using methods according to the technical requirements of non-automatic scales and the Australian NMI method, both of which refer to OIML R76 in determining the validity or cancellation of electronic scales repeatability testing. This research method is done through repeat testing on 3 samples of electronic scales, then on each electronic scale 2 test methods are performed. The conclusion is that the electronic scales repeatability testing uses the non-automatic scales technical requirements method and the Australian NMI method has some differences although both refer to OIML R76. These differences include several points, namely the charge used, the method of adding additions, the formula for determining electronic scales, and different test results. The Australian NMI method is deemed to make it easier and more time efficient compared to the non-automatic weighing technical requirements method.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bleeding Resistance in Chip Seal and Asphalt Emulsion Residue Rheology

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Preeda Chaturabong
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Chip Seal ◽  
Asphalt Emulsions

Chip seal bleeding is influenced by many factors, including design inputs, material properties, and project-specific conditions. It reduces the surface texture of the pavement and thus compromises the safety of the traveling public. Even though factors that bring about premature bleeding are known, currently, no laboratory test methods for evaluating bleeding in chip seals have been specified. The objective of this paper is to present the results of an investigation of the influence factors of asphalt emulsion residue properties measured by the ASTM D7405 multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test, as well as other factors related to chip seal bleeding resistance as measured by the modified loaded wheel test (MLWT). In this study, the MSCR test was used as a tool for evaluating the performance of asphalt emulsions because it has been identified as a potential test related to bleeding in the field. In addition, MLWT was selected as a tool for evaluating chip seal bleeding performance in the laboratory. The results of the MLWT showed that the emulsion application rate (EAR), aggregate gradation, and emulsion properties were significant factors affecting bleeding. The MSCR test was found to be a promising tool for the performance evaluation of asphalt emulsion residue, as the test was able to differentiate between emulsion chemistries and modifications in terms of sensitivity to both temperature and stress. In relation to chip seal bleeding resistance, only the creep compliance (Jnr) obtained from the MSCR test results was identified as a significant property affecting potential for bleeding.

Shock Test and Acceleration Analysis Methods of Marine Diesel Engines to Underwater Explosions

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Zhao ◽  
Rui Bo Zhang ◽  
De Bin Zhu ◽  
Hong Bin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Shock Acceleration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Shock Test ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Acceleration Analysis

Shock test of marine diesel engine is the important content for ship anti-shock research. Plentiful shock tests of equipments have been carried out abroad, but there is no detailed test methods of diesel engine. According to simulation results, 8-channel acceleration test points are determined. Because diesel engine is working, the measured shock acceleration is interfered by vibration signal. Orthogonal wavelet decomposition and wavelet noise reduction methods are used to separate shock component from test results. The seperated shock component consists of two parts. One is the low-frequency part caused by the shock from diesel foundation and then attenuation through the isolator, the other is the high-frequency part caused by the secondary shock of the retainer.

Application of Small Punch Test to Evaluate Tensile Properties of SA213T22 Grade Boiler Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 830-831 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
M. Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Small Punch Test ◽  
Small Punch ◽  
Punch Test ◽  
Aging Phenomena

Conventional tensile test methods are used for service exposed high temperature boiler tubes to evaluate the deterioration in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength and percentage elongation. The mechanical properties are required to be evaluated periodically as the boiler components undergo material degradation due to aging phenomena. The aging phenomena occurs due to continuous exposure of tubes to high temperature & pressure steam prevailing inside the tubes and high temperature exposure to corrosive combustible gases from the external surfaces within the boiler.A recent developed new technique called small punch testing has been used to evaluate the tensile properties of SA 213T22 grade steel predominantly exists in super-heater and re-heater sections of boiler. The small punch tests have been carried out on the miniature disk shaped specimens of diameter of 8.0 mm and 0.5 mm thickness extracted from both the new and service exposed tubes. Conventional uniaxial tensile tests on standard specimens from the same tube material have also been performed for comparison. The service exposed tubes showed considerable loss in mechanical properties in both the conventional and small punch test results. Correlations of tensile properties have been obtained based on the comparative analysis of both small punch and uniaxial tensile test results. Further, the study showed that an appropriate empirical relation could be generated for new and service exposed materials between both the techniques. Conventional test methods require large quantity of material removal for test samples from in-service components whereas small punch test method needs only a miniature sample extraction. This small punch test technique could also be extended to evaluate the thicker section boiler components such as pipelines and headers in the boiler as a part of remaining life assessment study. Also this technique could be a useful tool to any metallic component where large quantity of sample removal may be difficult or may not be feasible.

Inter-Bolt Variability of Cotton Duck #4 and the Effects on Cigarette Ignition Propensity Test Outcome

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jupe ◽  
Donald K. Shipley ◽  
William Z. Hudson ◽  
Joseph T. Wanna ◽  
Linda C. Greear
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Astm Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ignition Propensity

Two bolts of cotton duck fabric that meet military specifications and the purchasing guidelines described by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for use as a substrate in "Test Methods for Quantifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite Soft Furnishings" were tested with smoldering cigarettes to determine the effect of inter-bolt variations on cigarette ignition propensity test outcome. The test was designed around an ASTM method that calls for the control of all known test variables, except for those inherent to the fabric's manufacture. The ignitability of each fabric was determined by testing two sets of 48 replications for each of two experimental cigarettes. The two bolts of cotton duck fabric showed a statistically significant difference in ignitions, independent of environmental and experimental fac tors. Two additional bolts of cotton duck #4 were analyzed. Cigarette ignition test results and the physical parameters of the additional bolts offer evidence that the NIST specifications are difficult to meet and further that test results are extremely sensitive to fabric properties.

Influence of loading rate on the capacity of a model pile in clay

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Displacement Transducer ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Normal Loading ◽  
Model Pile ◽  
Rate Of Loading

Loading tests were carried out on a model pile embedded in clay to examine the influence of rate of loading on the capacity of the pile. The pile was loaded to failure using constant rate of penetration (CRP), quick maintained loading (QML), and quick continuous loading (QCL) methods of loading. The QCL test models the Statnamic loading test, which has been recently developed in Canada. The CRP tests were used as a reference, and the results were normalized using the CRP test results. The durations of the QML and QCL tests varied from approximately 0.1 s to 17 min, which are significantly faster than normal loading rates. Applied loads and point load were measured using load cells, and top displacement was measured using a displacement transducer. The test results showed an increase in pile capacity with increased rate of loading. Damping was found to be significant for the QCL tests (duration = 0.1 s) and negligible for the QML tests (duration ≥ 10 s). Correcting the results of the QCL tests for damping, using the equilibrium point method developed for Statnamic testing, greatly improved the correlation of the QCL and QML test results. Key words : model piles, axial loading, loading rate, clay, laboratory study, test methods.

Experimental Research on Vibration Characteristics of Laminated Composite Cantilever Beam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Xiaobin Li ◽  
Hongxi Li
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Vibration Test ◽  
Test Results

Abstract In this paper, the vibration characteristics of laminated composite cantilever beam is taken as the research object. Firstly, a vibration formula specific for laminated composite cantilever beam is derived, from which the low order natural frequency of laminated composite cantilever beam is calculated; Secondly, two experimental methods, electrical and optical measurement, are used to study the vibration characteristics of laminated composite cantilever beam, and the influence of different test methods, sensor types, number of measuring points and excitation methods on the test results are analyzed. Through the combination of theory and experiment, a test method that can be applied to the vibration test of composite material laminated structure cantilever beam is obtained. Based on the laser vibration measurement method in the optical method, the results show that the deviation between the experimental data and the theoretical solution is the smallest when the distance between the probe and the specimen is 0.5m and the sampling time is 5s by using the optical fiber vibrometer. The research content of this article can provide a reasonable reference for related vibration test research.

CSG well testing—Santos' experience in Queensland

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Czek Hoong Tan ◽  
Guncel Demircan ◽  
Mathias Satyagraha
Keyword(s):  
Radial Flow ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Validity Of Results ◽  
Transient Behaviour ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Primary Porosity

Permeability of the cleat system is a key factor controlling the productivity of CSG reservoirs and, therefore, the commerciality of development projects. Well testing is routinely used to provide representative values of coal permeability. The authors’ experience has shown pressure transient behaviour in coal reservoirs to be similar to those in primary porosity systems, with pseudo radial flow frequently observed, and the dual-porosity signature largely absent. Despite the authors’ best efforts in test design, large permeability variation and extremely high skin factors have been seen. The authors have run variations of drill stem tests (DSTs), injection tests, and wireline tests to understand the dependency of results to test methods, and the validity of results obtained. Pertinent examples of each type of test are discussed. Finally, recommendations to reconcile well test results to actual well performance are presented.

scholarly journals Laboratory automation impact on antimicrobial resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Patrick R Murray
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Automation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Diagnostic Microbiology ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Antibiotic resistance in common bacterial pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, has significantly limited the therapeutic options available for management of infectious diseases. While the indiscriminant use of broad spectrum antibiotics is a significant contributing factor, a more fundamental problem exists. Diagnostic microbiology test results have historically been available too late to be useful. This is, in part, due to the nature of the test methods and in part due to workflow practices in the laboratory. Thus, patients remain on empiric treatments that are frequently ineffective or unnecessarily too broad spectrum1,2. Microscopy and bacterial cultures are mainstays in the microbiology lab, using techniques developed more than 100 years ago. Although microbiologists speak with pride about the ‘art' of their science, the clinical value of the diagnostic tests is frequently lost because of the delays in reporting results with these ‘traditional' approaches. Fortunately, the practice of clinical microbiology is undergoing a dramatic transformation with the introduction of molecular diagnostics, primarily for rapid diagnosis of infections caused by viruses and difficult to grow bacteria, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for identification of bacteria, mycobacteria and fungi, and automation of all practices in bacteriology.

Methods to Evaluate Cleaners and Sanitizers

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 1257-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE L. SCHEUSNER
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Cellulose Sponge ◽  
Equivalent Test ◽  
Recovery Methods

Methods to evaluate germicides can be grouped into three categories: standard laboratory tests, in-use tests and simulated-use tests. Standard laboratory methods, such as the Available Chlorine Germicidal Equivalent test, are specifically defined for reproducibility in any laboratory by any operator, but the test results often lack relevance to actual product-use conditions. In-use test methods are relevant to product-use; however, in-use test procedures do not permit proper controls to be included in the organism recovery methods. Contact plates give an estimate of organism numbers which is only 25% of the theoretical number of organisms present. Organism recovery using a swab, cellulose sponge or tube sampler give estimates of organisms ranging from 91 to 111% of theoretical. The tube sampler is a 1-in. length of flexible tubing having a 1-in. interior diameter and a smooth end, which can make a water-tight seal on a flat surface. Simulated use testing yields data which are relevant to actual product-use. A cafeteria tray is soiled, inoculated and cleaned in a manner to simulate actual product-use. This test method permits the necessary controls to be used. Tray-test reproducibility is as good as that of the other recovery methods tested and organism recovery is quantitative. The tray test provides a means for determining biological cleaning where the effect of both cleaning and germicidal activity are measured together.

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