scholarly journals A resource efficient and environmentally safe charge structure for mining in an open-pit

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Oksana Tverda ◽  
Olena Kofanova ◽  
Mykola Repin ◽  
Oleksii Kofanov ◽  
Kostiantyn Tkachuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Charge Structure ◽  
Rock Mining ◽  
Pressure Peak ◽  
Radial Gap ◽  
Destruction Of Rocks ◽  
Explosive Destruction

Purpose. The purpose is to reduce mineral losses during the explosive destruction of rocks and environmental pollution by harmful gases and fine particulate matter. Methods. To achieve the objectives of the study, methods of physicochemical analysis and mechanics of continuous media have been used. The method of physico-chemical analysis has been used to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the composition of the well stemming depending on the parameters of the well, the type of explosive, the amount and type of harmful gases formed during the explosion. Methods of solid medium mechanics have been used to establish the patterns of pressure waves during an explosion depending on the characteristics of the gap filler between the charge and the well wall. To solve the problem of the behavior of a two-layer medium during the loading of a cylindrical cavity by a nonstationary load, a numerical method based on the finite-difference McCormack predictor-corrector scheme has been used. Findings. A resource-saving and environmentally friendly charge structure for rock mining by explosion was developed. The design of the charge involves the formation of a gap between the charge and the wall of the borehole, and filling it with a suspension of calcium hydroxide or a suspension of calcium carbonate. Originality. SThe dependences of the volume of harmful gases (NO2, CO2, CO) formed during the explosive destruction of rocks and the magnitude of the pressure peak in the area close to the charge on the chemical composition of the filler of the radial gap between the charge and the well wall have been set. Practical implications. Developed charge design allows to neutralize the harmful gases formed during the explosion, to reduce the pressure peak in the area of the rock massif close to the charge, and can be widely used in non-metallic quarries that extract minerals for the production of crushed stone.

scholarly journals The Results of Mining and Geometric Analysis in Open Pit Mining of Promising Kuzbass Coal Deposits with Block System

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Alexei Selyukov ◽  
Andrey Gerasimov ◽  
Valery Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Overburden Rock ◽  
Mining Method ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Mining Procedure

Currently, in developing the most inclined and steep coal deposits in the Central and Northern Kuzbass (Western Siberia, Russia), the deeping longitudinal open pit mining method is used with overburden rock moved to external dumps using transport technology. One of the ways to reduce the rate of land withdrawal while reducing development costs by shortening the distance of overburden movement is to use block lateral mining method with overburden storage in the worked out space. The paper emphasizes that well-known technological solutions consider quarry fields untouched by mining, or in the process of exploitation, so the block mining procedure is using fragmentally along with moving overburden by dump trucks. Internal dumping, as an element of land preservation, has not been generally considered to date. This is a deterrent to the implementation of resource-saving mining technologies, both in design and mining practice.

scholarly journals The Influence Mechanism of the Master Weak Interlayer on Bench Blasting Effect and Its Evaluation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Senlin Nan ◽  
Weiming Guan ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Weisheng Shi ◽  
Junhui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Charge Structure ◽  
Bench Blasting ◽  
Weak Interlayer ◽  
The Impact

The weak interlayers in an open-pit blasting bench affect the uniform distribution of explosive energy. To explore the mechanistic influence of a weak interlayer on the effect of blasting, 9 sets of numerical blasting experiments were constructed using the orthogonal experiment method. The degree of bench crushing after blasting, the maximum velocity of the rock mass at 0.05 s, and the displacement of the back of the bench were thus investigated. The analysis revealed that the impact of the thickness of the weak interlayer, its wave impedance, and its location of occurrence on the bench blasting indicated an ordered decreasing effect. Based on this, the evaluation method for the master weak interlayer and the design plan of the specific charge structure were proposed. The evaluated design proposals were verified through both numerical and field tests. The research results will provide a scientific basis to determine a reasonable charge structure of the bench blasting of rock masses containing weak interlayers.

scholarly journals Application of the “lean thinking” concept to the analysis of coal mining region’s sustainable development objective

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Vadim Mikhalchenko ◽  
Yuriy Rubanik
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Lean Thinking ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the application of resource saving technologies as an important tool to achieve sustainable development at coal mining regions of the Russian Federation. The negative impact of coal-mining enterprises on the water and air basins of the regions, on withdrawal of fertile land continues to be unacceptably high. As a result the objective to preserve natural environment in these regions has gained high priority. Its solution requires development and implementation of fundamentally new, cost-effective and environment friendly underground and open pit coal mining technologies. It is shown that an effective solution of the problem, a radical contraction of resource consumption requires radical rethinking of the whole coal mining management and production system. The basic principles of “Lean thinking” methodology have been applied to structure the issue and to develop guidelines for coal-mining systems reengineering.

scholarly journals Influence of dynamics of development of open mining on technological features of blasting breaking

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Sergey Zharikov ◽  
Vyacheslav Kutuev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Development Prospects

The paper desribes the results of the analysis of the drilling and blasting index at some large enterprises. The significant period of their work has been considered. The increase in the specific consumption of explosives by years has been shown and the reasons for this increase have been explained. The issue of the development prospects of the drilling and blasting complex in terms of reducing the cost of explosives, as well as some issues associated with the use of explosives, manufactured on site. It is suggested that in the near future the development of open mining will be associated with the acceleration of processes and a significant increase in their intensity, both in the development of new ones and in the refinement of existing large open-pit mines. In this regard, drilling and blasting operations are waiting for certain changes in both the mechanization of processes and the technological methods of production. An approach is proposed for improving energy efficiency and resource saving in the production of drilling and blasting operations, which consists in applying a horizontal cut along the bottom of the bench with blasting breaking of the rock mass. It has been previously shown that the use of this method of breaking can be quite effective in comparison with the traditional approach.

scholarly journals Технологические способы ведения взрывных работ, позволяющие безопасно управлять действием взрыва в массиве горных пород

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
S.V. Tishchenko ◽  
G.I. Eremenko ◽  
D.Yu. Malykh
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Air Cavity ◽  
Entire Height ◽  
Borehole Charge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Destruction Of Rocks ◽  
Explosive Destruction

Purpose. The work is devoted to improving the efficiency and safety of the escarpous blasting of rocks by borehole charges of explosives of a new design at iron ore quarries. In the thesis, the features of the process of explosive destruction of rocks by well charges of various designs are investigated. The dependences of their dynamics of explosive destruction on the physicomechanical properties of rocks are established, and the relationship between the distribution of energy of destruction in the medium and the magnitude of the specific impulse of the explosion is determined. Metodology. The obtained regularities of the impulse effect of an explosion associated with the overall energy balance imparted to a destructible medium can serve as a scale for evaluating the effectiveness of the action of well charges exploded simultaneously or through the definition of deceleration. Based on the obtained theoretical and laboratory results, a new design of a downhole charge of explosives with an air cavity in the bottom of the well has been developed. Findings. A feature of this design of the borehole charge is the concentration of the explosion energy in the bottom of the well. The optimal parameters of the air cavity and the location of the initiator relative to it in the technology of blasting have been established. Originality of the work lies in the fact that the conducted industrial tests of a new design of a borehole charge with an air cavity in the bottom part of the well showed its high efficiency. Practical value lies in achieving a reduced specific consumption of explosives. This technological process ensures uniform crushing of the blasted rock mass over the entire height of the ledge and high-quality development of the bottom of the ledge, which opens up real opportunities for the elimination of the re-drilling of the well at the inferior explosive blasting of rocks.

scholarly journals A method for determining the financial cost of damage to buildings caused by seismic ground vibrations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Chrzan
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Average ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Rock Blasting ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Ground Vibrations ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Rock Mining

A method for determining the value of the damage to a single-family residential building located near an open-pit mine caused by ground vibrations is presented. The article describes how to objectively determine the degree of actual wear and tear to a residential building (Zr) affected by ground vibrations created during rock mining using blasting. It consists of the method of "weighted average degree of technical wear and tear of individual elements" known from literature and used to calculate the actual wear and tear of the building. The natural wear and tear of the building is then calculated from dependences given in the literature. The percentage of the building’s natural wear and tear (Zn) is subtracted from the percentage of the building’s actual wear and tear. As a result of the subtraction, a percentage of accelerated wear and tear of the building (Zb), which is caused by vibrations of the ground during rock blasting, is obtained. Multiplying the percentage of accelerated wear and tear of the building by the value of a new building gives a value of the damage caused by ground vibrations. Examples of determining the value of the damage caused by ground vibrations in practice are described.

scholarly journals Design method of blasthole charge structure based on lithology distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
YingXian Chen ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
PengFei Wang ◽  
Meng Zhou ◽  
HongXia Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Blast Hole ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Geological Exploration ◽  
Charge Structure ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Hard Rocks ◽  
Rock Group

AbstractThe density of geological exploration boreholes is one of the main bases for blasthole charge structure design. Due to the low density of geological exploration boreholes, it is impossible to obtain the blast hole rock formations' distribution accurately. With the development and application of intelligent drilling rigs, the lithology distribution data of the blasthole can be accurately obtained, and a blasthole charge structure design method based on the lithology distribution is proposed. The blasthole lithology data collected by the intelligent drilling rig is divided into 7 categories according to the rock hardness, and the adjacent strata with similar lithology are combined and divided into two groups of soft rocks and hard rocks. According to the rock stratum grouping data of the blasthole and the unit explosive consumption of each type of lithology, the explosive amount and charge length required for the soft rock group and the hard rock group can be calculated, respectively. Finally, the blasthole charge structure is designed according to the thickness and charge position of the hard rocks. With the C++ programming language, this method is realized and applied in the Shengli Open-pit Coal Mine of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The application results show that, compared with the traditional hole charging structure design method, this method can realize accurate segmented charging of the hole, improve the blasting effect and the degree of rock fragmentation, and reduce the blasting cost.

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