scholarly journals Substantiation of resource-saving technology when mining the deposits for the production of crushed-stone products

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Oleksii Cherniaiev ◽  
Artem Pavlychenko ◽  
Oleksandr Romanenko ◽  
Yurii Vovk
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining Depth ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Internal Dumping

Purpose. Scientific substantiation of the expedient depth of mining the non-metallic deposits of rocky minerals on the basis of mathematical and statistical methods, which will ensure resource-saving and rational use of natural resources. Methods. To solve the purpose set, the following methods are used: graphical-analytical – when optimizing the maximum depth of mining the deposits of building materials, and the method of mathematical modeling – for determining the maximum depth of mining the non-metallic deposits with internal dumping. By means of statistical processing according to systematized types of deposits, the patterns of a change in the maximum depth of mining the basic deposits, depending on the main parameters of the quarry field, have been studied. Findings. A new methodology, which is distinguished by taking into account in-pit dumping, has been developed for calculating the maximum depth of granite quarries, which most of all influences the efficiency of mining operations and the value of economic indicators while ensuring the maximum economic effect with the achievement of a rational maximum depth of mining the deposit. A new, theoretically substantiated methodology has been created for determining the maximum depth of mining the mineral deposits for the production of crushed-stone products while providing the resource- and land-saving during the quarry operation. Originality. For the first time for these deposits, the dependence of their maximum mining depth on the main parameters of the quarry field and the place of internal dumping of overburden rocks has been determined. This has become a determining factor in the appropriate mining of deep non-metallic deposits of building materials with internal dumping, which provides a minimal land disturbance. Practical implications. The research results have been tested and implemented in working projects for mining the Liubymivske, Chaplynske, Pervomaiske, Mykytivske, Trykratske and Novoukrainske granite deposits; as a result of additional mining of mineral reserves, their additional increment in the volume from 1 to 48 million m3 is possible, which will ensure 5-40 years of sustainable operation of the mining enterprise.

Justification of engineering safety criteria for undermining of water-proof layer in the Upper Kama Salt Deposit

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
A. A. Baryakh ◽  
L. O. Tenison
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Subsidence Trough ◽  
Safety Criterion ◽  
Mining Depth ◽  
Mine Sites ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
Water Proof

Safety of a water-proof pillar between the stoping void and the aquifers defines the key feature of water-soluble mineral mining. In this regard, the most important element of geomechanical supervision of mining operations, especially, at the mine project stage, is the engineering safety criteria aimed at the adequate valuation of safe undermining of water-proof strata (WPS). The WPS safety procedures now in force calculate only maximal sagging of undermined beds and disregard deformation in the edge area of WPS. In the meanwhile, the edges of WPS are the areas of localization of maximal horizontal strains, and the hazard of vertical jointing is the highest in these areas. In this connection, in the capacity of the index of the manmade load on WPS, it is proposed to use the maximal slope of the edge area of the subsidence trough. The evaluations were carried out in 6 Uralkali’s mine sites selected from the mathematical modeling and geophysical survey data which exhibited considerable damage of WPS. Based on the implemented research and justifications, it is recommended to use the generalized safety criterion for undermining of WPS as a maximal subsidence/mining depth ratio which is directly proportional to the ground slope. This engineering procedure describes more adequately the fracture mechanism in WPS rocks, in particular, damage localization in edge areas of the subsidence trough, or influence of mining depth on WPS stability and, which is main thing, is based on the criteria derived from the long-term observations and measurements performed in the Upper Kama deposit. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 19-77-30008.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF MATERIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES OF BUILDING MATERIALS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Hobyr ◽  
Lidiia Hobyr
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Design And Technology ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
New Production ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Definition Of

In a market economy, it becomes important to improve the organization of enterprise management and, above all, the production process, efficient use of financial, material resources and inventories. Effective management of material resources increases profits and provides the necessary investment. To maintain high profitability and liquidity, the management of current activities of enterprises, in particular inventory management plays a significant role. The categorical apparatus of material resources management at the enterprise is considered, the definition of “material resources” is generalized, the definition of "material resources management" is offered, and also the system of material resources management at the enterprise is considered. In the management of material resources at the enterprise there are 2 approaches – logistics and reengineering. The main tasks of the mechanism of management of material resources of the enterprise of building materials are defined. These are: increasing the efficiency of material resources and choosing cheap sources of funding; introduction of new production, resource-saving technologies; minimization of costs for procurement, production and marketing activities; increasing the interest of employees of all services in the effective performance of their duties; product quality management. The analysis of efficiency of use of material resources at the enterprises of building materials which has shown, that manufacture of production is rather material-intensive is carried out. This is evidenced by the share of material costs in the cost of work, and the value of the utilization factor of materials indicates the economical use of material resources in production. Reserves for improving the efficiency of material resources at construction materials enterprises have been identified. The ways of the most rational use of material resources of construction materials enterprises are offered, in particular it is improvement of a design and technology of manufacturing of products, introduction of more progressive norms of expenses of resources, use of substitute materials, and reduction of losses at stages of transportation, storage and industrial use.

Resource-Saving Technologies in the Thermal Insulation-Structural Foam Glass Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
O.V. Kuznetsova ◽  
N.D. Yatsenko ◽  
A.I. Subbotin ◽  
M.Yu. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Structural Foam ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Research Areas

The modern building materials market places high demands on heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural materials. In this connection, the issues of developing high-quality building materials obtained on the resource-saving technologies basis allowing to solve two interrelated problems are topical. The first problem is the industrial waste generated and existing stocks disposal. The second is associated with a decrease in the traditional raw materials deficit [1]. These problems solution, combining rational technological solutions, is based on the scientific research achievements in this area, in particular in the foam glass production. The priority scientific research areas in the foam glass materials production are the developments related to the study, the new raw materials use and the production of foam glass mixture compositions on their basis, which provide, along with the necessary performance properties, high environmental safety requirements [2, 3].

scholarly journals Annual production enhancement at deep mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Shvaher ◽  
Tetiana Komisarenko ◽  
Serhii Chukharev ◽  
Svitlana Panova
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Underground Mine ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Deep Mining ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Mining Depth ◽  
Mining Enterprise

The article aims at determining possible annual production considering mining and technical capabilities of the underground mine. Deepening of mining operations at Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin reduces considerably annual production of the useful mineral which results in increased mining costs. To maintain annual production, it is reasonable to build the second stage of opening the depth of which depends on production volumes. When determining the optimal depth of the first stage opening, it is necessary to apply a complex research method including the graphoanalytical one for determining the underground mine’s annual production and the industrial one for adjusting the methods considering technical conditions of the enterprise. It has been determined that annual production is influenced not only by mining and geological but also by mining and technical conditions. It has been proved that annual production of an underground mine decreases in direct proportion to the increased depth of mining. The speed of skips in the shaft is greatly impacted by the length of the main opening and its operating life. With the increase of the shaft operating life the skip speed decreases from 12 to 6 – 8 m/s. When designing the flowchart of further opening of underlying levels, it is necessary to consider both mining capabilities and technical conditions of the shaft and headgear, mining depth and the main opening operating life as well as the strategy of the mining enterprise. Consideration of the above mentioned factors enables maintaining the required annual production when mining iron ores at great depths. Under conditions of Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin, it has been determined reasonable to apply the main vertical shaft flowchart when mining reserves to the depth of 1650 m.

Technology of Building Composites on the Basis of Portlandite-Aluminosilicate Contact Condensation Systems of Hardening

2019 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Alexander Valerievich Tereshkin ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Kirichkova ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Kruglyak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Contact Condensation ◽  
Construction Practice

Since ancient times, lime, lime pozzolanic, lime-cement, lime-clay binders, the compositions of which our ancestors found empirically, widely and everywhere used in construction. Even in the first half of the XX century, these binders occupied a significant place in the construction practice. The development of production and the relative availability of cement led to a significant reduction in demand for many clinker-free, including lime (Portland) binders. Today, the priorities of scientific and applied technological developments of both traditional building materials and materials of new generations are determined by the actualization of the concept and criteria of resource saving and energy efficiency.

scholarly journals RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROCESSING WASTE OF BUILDING MATERIALS TO ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY AND THEIR SECONDARY USE

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
V.D. Klyuev ◽  
Yu.A. Biryukov ◽  
V.V. Panayetova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Secondary Use

The article deals with the problem of using resource-saving technologies for processing construction materials waste to ensure environmental safety and reuse of materials during the dismantling (demolition) of buildings. Justification is given for the development and adaptation of the theory of using resource-saving technologies in the organization of dismantling (demolition) of buildings.

scholarly journals Economic effect of short-term period tax benefits in mountainous parts of Georgia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketevan Tchanidze ◽  
◽  
Natela Tsiklashvili ◽  
Zeinab Surmanidze ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Migration processes of high mountains and population growth of cities have led to depopulation in mountainous regions, rising unemployment in the city and a had a decrease in agricultural products, ultimately provoke external migration processes. These problems are typical not only for Georgia but also for the postSoviet countries and are relevant in the global context. The purpose of the study was to identify and analyse the effects of the short-term tax privileges for the mountainous regions of Georgia. The paper is dedicated to research and quantitative analysis of the impact of tax and social benefits on improving demographic conditions and regulating internal migration processes, both in the short and long-term perspective. The research methodology was based on the statistical processing of the survey results. For quantitative research, we used a structured questionnaire, which was developed by face-to-face interviews. Approximately 500 respondents were interviewed in 79 villages of 11 communities of Khulo, the Adjara Autonomous Republic, Georgia. The study revealed that by regulating tax and social benefits, it is possible to partially manage the internal migration processes of the mountainous region in the short run, while in the long run, a complex approach to the issue is important. In the mountainous parts, tax, social and other benefits will have a positive economic effect in the short term. Increasing the amount of income for individuals and legal entities is one way to stimulate the rural economy.

scholarly journals Environmental and radiation assessment of construction materials in Tyumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Elena Viktorovna Zakharova ◽  
Elena Viktorovna Gaevaya ◽  
Leonid Nikolaevich Skipin ◽  
Svetlana Sergeevna Tarasova ◽  
Vasilyа Zinnurovna Burlaenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Natural Activity ◽  
Effective Activity

The current pace of construction leads to the use of large volumes of construction raw materials, which must meet the regulatory indicators, including radiation. High levels of natural radionuclide activity, both in construction and finishing materials, affect changes in the gamma radiation indicators in the premises, which can negatively affect the health of people living in such facilities. Ecological and radiation assessment of building materials for the content of natural radionuclides showed an increased natural activity of potassium-40. The maximum activity values were observed in samples of bricks and expanded clay, where they were 799,0 and 622,0 Bq/kg, respectively. The lowest specific activity of natural potassium was observed in the crushed stone sample (21,3 Bq/kg). The specific activity of thorium-232 in building materials ranged from 2,1 to 53,3 Bq/kg. The activity of radium-226 in all the studied samples ranged from 4,4 Bq/kg (crushed stone) to 55,6 Bq/kg (cement). The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides in the studied building materials does not exceed the standard values (370 Bq/kg), therefore, they can be used in all types of construction and reconstruction.

scholarly journals Decrease in coal losses during mining of contiguous seams in the near-bottom part at Vorkuta deposit

2020 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Oleg Kazanin ◽  
Valeriy Yaroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mine Layout

The problem of formation of extended zones with high rock pressure (HRP) from safety pillars at the boundaries of extraction pillars formed due to the mine layout of complex geometry is considered at the example of JSC Vorkutaugol mines. A detailed analysis of the remaining reserves of the near-bottom part of the deposit was carried out to estimate losses and the impact of HRP zones from the Chetvertyi protective seam to mining operations on the Troinoi upper seam along with the possibilities for the reduction of sizes of HRP zones at the account of expanding the underworked space. Due to research on the near-bottom part of the Vorkuta deposit, within the framework of the accepted layout, a zone at the Komsomolskaya mine and two zones at the Zapolyarnaya-2 mine were singled out, at which losses at the boundaries of the extraction pillars amount up to 13-22 % of the total resources of the mine field. The high volume of losses in these pillars indicates the relevance of research on the priority extraction impact of protective seams on the efficiency and safety of mining operations in the working area of underworked and HRP zones. Based on the analysis of foreign and Russian experience in the pillar cleaning-up at the boundaries of working areas and the methodical guidelines and instructions, a technological scheme was developed that allows increasing the coal mining recovery factor in the near-bottom part of the Vorkuta deposit from 0.75 to 0.9 without fundamental changing of the ventilation and transport networks and also without purchasing any additional mining equipment. The conducted economic calculations confirmed the effectiveness of implementing the new technological scheme for cleaning-up reserves at the boundaries of extraction districts. The economic effect is from 0.079 to1.381 billion rubles of additional profit from coaxial extraction pillars, depending on the mining and geological conditions and the size of the pillars.

scholarly journals Influence of aeration rate and method of process activation on the degree of purification of zinc-containing waste water by ferritization

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10 (114)) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Bogdan Yemchura ◽  
Gennadii Kochetov ◽  
Dmitry Samchenko ◽  
Oleksandr Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Ferrite ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Ferrite Phase ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Degree Of Purification

The aeration rate for the degree of purification of highly concentrated galvanic wastewater from zinc and ferrum ions was investigated using various activation methods. It is shown that the intensity of aeration has a significant effect on the quality of wastewater treatment and the characteristics of water treatment sludge. The efficiency of the use of an energy-saving method for activating the ferritization process with the use of electromagnetic pulses for the extraction of zinc ions from wastewater has been confirmed. It was determined that with an increase in the aeration rate to 3.5 dm3/min per 1 dm3 of the reaction mixture and the use of thermal activation of the process, the residual concentration of zinc ions remains within the range of 0.12÷0.2 mg/dm3. In this case, the concentration of ferrum ions decreases to values of 0.08÷0.14 mg/dm3. It was found that at an aeration rate of 2.5 dm3/min and the use of pulsed electromagnetic (EMP) activation, the residual concentrations of heavy metal ions decrease to values of 0.08÷0.16 mg/dm3. Comparison of the results indicates the advisability of using low rates of aeration of the reaction mixture. This, together with the use of resource-saving EMR process activation, allows to achieve a significant reduction in energy costs. The quantitative phase composition of ferritization precipitates was determined, in which the crystalline phases of zinc ferrite Zn2Fe2O4 and magnetite Fe3O4, as well as ferrum oxyhydroxide FeO (OH) and sodium sulfate Na2SO4, prevail. It is found that with an increase in the volumetric aeration rate, the proportion of the ferrite phase increases. At an aeration rate of 2.0 dm3/min, more than 85 % of the zinc ferrite phase was found in the sediments. Taking into account the qualitative and quantitative composition of precipitates, it is recommended to use them in the production of building materials. The experimental results obtained make it possible to provide a comprehensive processing of liquid galvanic waste.

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