scholarly journals Evaluation of borhani prepared from whole milk, skim milk and full cream powdered milk curd

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Azharul Bari ◽  
Md Anwar Hossain ◽  
Mst Latifa Yesmin Camy ◽  
Maksudul Islam Nahid ◽  
Md Ashraful Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Powder Milk ◽  
Group A

The present research work was carried out to evaluate the qualities of borhani prepared by curd using whole milk, skim milk and full cream powder milk. In this purposes, three types of borhani were prepared, these were grouped as; A: Borhani prepared from whole milk curd, B: Borhani prepared from skim milk curd and C: Borhani prepared from full cream powder milk curd. The prepared borhani samples were subjected to organoleptic, chemical and microbiological qualities. After performed physical examination, for sample A it was found that there was no significant difference in color and appearance (17.67±0.33) but there was significant difference (p<0.05) in smell and taste (47.33±0.33), body and consistency (26.33±0.33) and total physical scores (91.33±0.88) of the three borhani samples. Chemical analysis showed that for group A; there were significant differences with others (p<0.01) in contents (%) of fat (2.95±0.33), total solids (TS) (18.15±0.16), acidity (0.80±0.01), pH (4.25±0.02), moisture (81.85±0.16), CHO (10.50±0.93) and (p<0.05) in contents (%) of ash (1.82±0.02), protein (2.88±0.02). The result of chemical parameter showed that borhani prepared from whole milk (sample A) was best among the samples. However, there were no significant differences in coliform count and yeast and mold count but there were significant differences (p<0.01) in total viable count (60.67±2.33). Cost analysis showed that samples B and C was cheap than sample A. It can be concluded that even costly; the nutritive value and the consumer preference of borhani from whole milk was better than the others. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2020, 4 (2), 58-65

Collection of fore and hind milk from the sow and the changes in milk composition during suckling

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Atwood ◽  
Peter E. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rapid Analysis ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Short Time

SummaryA new sampling method for the collection of fore and hind milk from the sow has been developed which resembles normal milk removal by the piglet, yet overcomes the difficulties of collecting milk that is available for only a short time (10–20 s) at each let-down. Samples of hind milk were collected immediately after the completion of a successful sucking, while the fore milk was collected at the beginning of the next natural let-down. Modification of existing assays for fat, protein and lactose was required to provide rapid analysis of the small volumes (< 0·5 ml) of milk collected using this procedure, and these methods were validated by comparison with reference methods. Total solids and the concentration of fat in whole milk, and protein and lactose in skim milk, were measured in fore and hind milk collected from 4, 20, 12 and 12 sows respectively, 6–11 d post partum. For fore milk, the results (mean ± SD (n)) were: total solids, 199·9±9·9 g/1 (8); fat, 96·7 ± 13·9 g/1 (41), protein, 47·7±4·5 g/1 (27) and lactose, 58·3 + 4±0 g/1 (27). In hind milk, there was a significant increase in the concentration of fat (15·3 g/1, p < 0·001, n = 41) which was reflected by a significant increase in total solids (14·7 g/1, P < 0·001, n = 8) and calculated energy (511 kj/l, P < 0·001, n = 27), but there was no significant difference in the concentration of either protein or lactose. This increase in milk fat during milk letdown is in contrast to the results of most previous studies in the sow and is discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms that may cause the concentration of fat to increase as milk is removed from the mammary gland.

scholarly journals A Comparative Clinical Study of Khanda Shunthi and Prasarni Avleha in the Management of Amavata with Special Reference to Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Anu Gupta ◽  
Kalpana Patni
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Research Work ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Walking Time

Background: Amavata is the most common form of inflammatory arthopathy seen in India. Among adult population below the age of 50 years this is the most common form of arthritis. For the present study, on Amavata as shaman therapy, Khanda Shunthi and Prasarni Avleha the Ushnaveeryadravya medicaments were chosen. Aims & Objective: The present research work aimed at to evaluate efficacy and establish safe use of Khanda Shunthi and Prasarni Aavaleha in Amavata. Materials & Methods: 40 subjects of Amavata fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected from OPD and IPD of Desh Bhagat Ayurvedic Hospital, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab and randomly divided into two groups, group A and B, comprising each of 20 patients. Group-A subjects received Khanda Shunthi for 60 days, Group-B subjects received Prasarni Avaleha for 60 days. Assessments were done on 0th and 60th day of treatment. Results and Conclusions: In both the groups, highly significant results were observed in all the cardinal parameters with P value for fever and Hb are greater than 0.05 hence there is no significant difference in effect of Group A and Group B on fever and Hb. P values for all other symptoms are less than 0.05 hence we conclude that there is significant difference in effect of group A and group B on pain, swelling, stiffness, fever, ESR, walking time and grip strength. On comparison group A treatment is more effective than group B for all assessment criteria.

scholarly journals The historical or the contemporary context: which of the two ensures a deeper understanding of gas properties?

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna D. Milanovic ◽  
Dragica D. Trivic
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Contemporary Context ◽  
Contemporary Approach

The aim of this research was to explore the effects of two approaches, designated as the historical and the contemporary one, on the level of students' understanding of the properties and the practical use of gases. Our research hypothesis was that the historical context of the discovery of gases and the study of their properties would deepen students' understanding of the properties and the practical use of gases more than the contemporary context. A total of 129 students attending the eighth grade of primary school, aged 14, took part in the research project. After taking a pre-test, the students were divided into two groups (A and B respectively), equal in terms of their test scores. Group A (63 students) was exposed to the historical approach, whereas group B (66 students) was exposed to the contemporary approach. The students from group A individually dealt with a text that presented various episodes from the scientific-research work of Joseph Priestley, whereas the students from group B dealt with a text pertaining to the properties and the use of gases in contemporary society. Having been exposed to different approaches, all the students did a post-test. No statistically significant difference was established between the overall results of the students who had been exposed to the historical approach and those exposed to the contemporary approach, and the research hypothesis was rejected. However, one statistically significant better score in one of the post-test items in group A may be connected with the influence of the corresponding episode from the history of science.

The Immunomodulating Effect of a Diet Consisting of Green Vegetables, Beef, Whole Milk and Full-Fat Butter for Children with Non-Specific Elevated IgE

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 310-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Jose van der Gaag ◽  
Kristina Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Considerable Improvement ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunomodulating Effect ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Serum Total Ige

Abstract. Background: Non-specific elevated IgE and allergies are common in children, and their prevalence is increasing. Dietary changes could be an explanation for this increase. Zinc, iron, vitamins A, C and E, and polyunsaturated fatty acids all play possible roles in the etiology and possible treatment of allergies due to their numerous immunomodulating properties. Objectives: To investigate the immunomodulating effect of recommending a nutrient-rich diet consisting of green vegetables, beef, whole milk and full-fat butter. Methods: We conducted a case-controlled, non-randomized, retrospective study. Children between the ages of 1 and 18 years with non-specific elevated IgE were included. Baseline and follow-up measurements of serum total IgE and clinical outcomes were retrospectively collected and compared for 49 children who received the dietary advice (to eat green vegetables, beef, whole milk and full-fat butter) and 56 children who did not. Results: The initial analysis showed a significantly greater decrease in IgE in the intervention group compared to the control group; a 9.2 kU/l versus a 0.1 kU/l decrease, respectively (P = 0.02). When supplement (vitamin D) use was taken into account, however, no significant difference was produced by the dietary effect alone (unstandardized coefficient = 71.3 kU/l, P = 0.16). 53.2 % of participants in the intervention group reported considerable improvement in symptoms versus 28.6 % in the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, the effects of nutrients and vitamins on the decrease in IgE are promising. The separate contributions of dietary advice and/or supplements need to be investigated in the future.

scholarly journals Effects of different approaches on the quality of dahi

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Bhuiyan ◽  
A Wadud ◽  
A Nahar ◽  
M Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

The present research work was undertaken to increase the consistency of dahi or yoghurt on its quality using volume reduction, commercial starch powder and potato mash. In this experiment, five different types of dahi samples were prepared and designated as A (30% volume reduction), B (990 ml milk + 1% CSP), C (980 ml milk+2% CSP), D (970 ml milk + 3% CSP) and E (950 ml milk + 5% potato mash). Quality of dahi was also monitored by using physical, chemical and microbiological tests. From the results of physical study (smell and taste, body and consistency, and colour and texture), it was found that the differences of total score among A, B, C, D and E dahi samples were statistically significant. The mean values of acidity, fat, protein, ash, total Solids, water and pH contents for A, B, C, D and E types of dahi were significantly different (p<0.01). No significant differences were observed for coliform count but significant difference was observed in total viable count. It is suggested that 2% commercial starch powder dahi could be used successfully to prepare dahi nearly similar to the quality of plain dahi. Keywords: Consistency; Dahi; Commercial starch powder; Potato mash DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i2.7931 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(2): 233-238, 2010  

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Dahi-prepared from Whole Milk, Skim Milk, Reconstituted Milk and Recombined Milk

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Uddin ◽  
MA Mazed ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
N Hassan ◽  
MAS Khan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reconstituted Milk

Dahi was prepared from whole milk, skim milk, reconstituted and combined milk by adding 12% sugar to each type and then these milks were boiled to reduce the volume by 30%. After adding 3% starter culture all these dahi mix were incubat ed at 40°C for 4-5 hours. Then all the dahi samples were kept in the refrigerator at 4°C for at least 2 hours. All these types of dahi were judged by a panel of expert judges to determine the physical qualities. Chemical and microbiological tests were also car ried out to determine the composition and qualities. Whole milk dahi was the best for overall acceptabili ty followed by skim milk dahi but other two types were somewhat less acceptable. There was a significant difference (P<0.01) among the overall scores obtained. There were a significant difference (P<0.01) in percent acidity, for all the samples % DM, % fat, % protein and % ash showed a non significant difference. For all the chemical qualities, dahi from whole milk ranked the highest followed by others types. Among the microbial qualities, total viable counts were higher in all the sample, though there was a significant difference (P<0.05). Yeast and mold counts differed significantly (P<0.01), although the counts were lower. Although, dahi prepared from reconstituted and recombined milk were not as good as that from whole milk, there is a great prospect to improve the qualities.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22076 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 261-266 2013

Investigation of microbial contamination of Powdered Infant Formula during different storage periods after opening

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Khalid Al-atrash
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Powdered Infant Formula ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study was carried out to knowing effect different storage periods of the microbial quality for the Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) after opening the tin, and ensuring from the safety note (after opening, use within 3 weeks). Thirty (30) samples of (PIF) from category (1 – 6 months) in five different types are collected from pharmacies and local markets in Baquba city / Iraq, which are used as substitutes for breast milk during the first day of opening the tin powders such as Total viable count, Total coliform count, Salmonella count and Yeast and Molds count. These experiments repeated at each week of same samples within (5) weeks. Results were obtained at opening the tin, Total viable count (less than 0.05 1.0 x 103 ±1.5x10 CFU/g) were significantly higher than Total Coliform count (less than 0.05 ± 0.3 x 10 CFU/g) and Total Salmonella count (less than 0.05 0 x 10 CFU/g) and Yeasts and Molds (less than 0.05 ± 0.3 x 10 CFU/g). while results obtained at fifth week were (less than 0.05 8.8 x 103 ±5.5x102 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 0.9 x 102 ± 0.4x101 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 0 x 10 CFU/g), (less than 0.05 9.5 x 10 ± 1.2x101 CFU /g) respectively. All samples of (PIF) having non-significant difference. These results compared to Iraqi Quality Standards (IQS), all the results from the opening samples to fifth week were within the range of IQS and USA Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and as indicates the hygienic condition of (PIF) without risk level for human health. also observed increase in microbial contamination in each week because increase the moisture content for powdered milk. Can be used more than 3 weeks after opening if stored in good conditions with good hygienic practices during milk preparation.

The Effect of Using Students Peer Teaching on Iraqi EFL Students' Achievement in the Course of Library and Research Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 693-714
Author(s):  
. Muntaha Sabbar Jebur
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Peer Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Of Basic Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Experimental Group

          Peer teaching is a strategy that allows the students to teach the new content to each other, and they must be accurately guided by instructors.     The researcher proposes that the use of students peer teaching  may promote students' achievement  and ensure the engagement of all the students in the learning process. Therefore, the researcher employs it as a teaching method aiming at investigating its  effect on Iraqi EFL students' achievement in the course of Library and Research Work .      The study hypothesizes that there is no significant difference between the students' achievement who are taught library and research work by students peer teaching  and that of the students taught by the traditional way. The experimental design of the study is Parallel Groups, Random Assignment, posttest. Each group consists of 35 students, chosen randomly from the Third Year Students at the Department of English in the College of Basic Education. Both groups were matched in terms of their age and parents' education. The experiment was fulfilled in the first course for 15 weeks during the academic year 2016-2017.       The same materials were presented to both groups. This included   units from Writing Research Paper by Lester D. . Post-test was constructed and exposed  The t-test for  independent samples was used to analyze the results and it is found out that there is a statistical difference between the two groups in their achievement because the calculated t- value 2.635 is bigger than the tabulated t- value which is 2.000, and also shown the superiority of the experimental group. The results indicate that the experimental group, who was taught Library and Research Work by peer teaching   was better than the control group, who was taught according to the traditional way. So, the null hypothesis is rejected. Finally, some recommendations and suggestions are presented in the light of the study findings. to a jury of experts to verify its validity and it was administered to both groups.

DeVega versus ring annuloplasty in severe functional tricuspid insufficiency and their impact on the right ventricle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Yasser Hamdy ◽  
Mohammed Mahmoud Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed Elminshawy
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Repair ◽  
Ring Annuloplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Background: Functional tricuspid valve regurgitation secondary to left-sided valve disease is common. DeVega repair is simple, but residual regurgitation with subsequent impairment of the right ventricular function is a concern. This study aims to compare tricuspid valve repair using DeVega vs. ring annuloplasty and their impact on the right ventricle in the early postoperative period and after six months. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent tricuspid valve repair for secondary severe tricuspid regurgitation. Patients were divided into two groups: group A; DeVega repair (n=34) and group B; ring annuloplasty repair (n=17). Patients were assessed clinically and by echocardiography before discharge and after six months for the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricular diameter and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Results: Preoperative echocardiographic assessment showed no difference in left ventricular end-systolic diameter, end-diastolic diameter, ejection fraction and right ventricular diameter, however; group A had significantly better preoperative right ventricular function measured by TAPSE (1.96 ± 0.27 vs1.75 ± 0.31 cm; p=0.02). Group B had significantly longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (127.65 ± 13.56 vs. 111.74 ± 18.74 minutes; p= 0.003) and ischemic time (99.06 ± 11.80 vs. 87.15 ± 16.01 minutes; p= 0.009). Pre-discharge, there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, but the right ventricular diameter was significantly lower in group B (2.66 ± 0.41 and 2.40 ± 0.48 cm; p=0.049). After six months of follow up, the degree of tricuspid regurgitation (p= 0.029) and the right ventricular diameter were significantly lower in the ring annuloplasty group (2.56 ± 0.39 and 2.29 ± 0.44 cm; p=0.029). Although there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative TAPSE, this difference disappeared after six months. Conclusion: Both DeVega and ring annuloplasty techniques were effective in the early postoperative period, ring annuloplasty was associated with lesser residual regurgitation and better right ventricular remodeling in severe functional tricuspid regurgitation than DeVega procedure after 6-months of follow up.

Effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intraocular pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Gul Malik ◽  
Hina Nadeem ◽  
Eiman Ayesha ◽  
Rabail Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Time

Objective: To study the effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intra-ocular pressures of women of childbearing age.   Methods: It was a comparative observational study, conducted at Arif memorial teaching hospital and Allied hospital Faisalabad for a period of six months. Hundred female subjects were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A, included females, who had been taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for more than 6 months and less than 36 months. Group B, included 50 age-matched controls, who had never used OCP. Ophthalmic and systemic history was taken. Careful Slit lamp examination was performed and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment disease. After collection of data, we analyzed and compared the intra ocular pressures between the two groups by using ANOVA in SPSS version 21.   Results: Average duration of using OCP was 14.9 months. There was no significant difference of Cup to Disc ratios between the two groups (p= 0.109). However, significant difference was noted between the IOP of OCP group and controls. (p=0.000). Conclusion: OCP significantly increase IOP even when used for short time period.

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