scholarly journals Studies on Direct and Indirect Effects of Different Plant Characters on Yield of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) Var. Antiquorum

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
KK Paul ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Peduncle Length

Thirty accessions of taro (Colocasia esculenta L) varieties were evaluated to estimate the direct and indirect effects of different plant characters, namely, plant height, petiole length, petiole breadth, leaf number, leaf length, leaf breadth, LAI, inflorescence length, peduncle length, corm length, corm breadth, cormel number, cormel length, cormel breadth, corm weight, cormel weight on yield per plant. Plant height, petiole length, corm breadth, cormel number, cormel length exhibited direct effect on yield per plant at the genotypic level. Cormel weight and cormel breadth had the highest direct effect on yield per plant at the phenotypic level. The residual effect was 0.3043 at the genotypic level and that at phenotypic level was 0.4874. Keywords: Colocasia esculenta; direct effect; indirect effect; yield of taro DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v9i1-2.9483 The Agriculturists 2011; 9(1&2): 89-98

scholarly journals Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies for Plant Characters in Aqua Aroids, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Paul ◽  
M. A. Bari ◽  
S. C. Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Inflorescence Length

The nature and extent of correlation and path coefficients of aqua edible aroid taro (Colocasia esculenta L., Panikachu) accessions were studied for plant height, petiole length, petiole breadth, leaf number, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf area index, inflorescence length, peduncle length, spath length, spath breadth and  yield per plant. The yield per plant showed significant and positive phenotypic correlation with petiole length (0.481), leaf length (0.576), leaf breadth (0.918), leaf number (0.620), inflorescence length (0.662), spath length (0.890) and spath breadth (0.992). The residual effect was 0.2205 which indicated that characters studied contributed 78% of yield per plant. At genotypic level, yield per plant expressed positive and significant correlation with plant height (0.560) and leaf number (0.600). The residual effect (0.424) indicated that about 58% yield was contributed by these characters.Keywords: Genotypic correlation; Phenotypic correlation; Path coefficient; Aqua aroid; Panikachu (Colocasia esculenta L Schott.stoloniferous).© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6078                J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 169-176 (2011)

scholarly journals Correlation and path coefficient studies of yield and yield attributing characters in panikachu, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
KK Paul ◽  
MA Bari ◽  
SC Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Stolon Length ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The study was made to identify the association of yield and stolon characters and their direct and indirect effects in panikachu, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott. The stolon number, single stolon weight, total stolon weight, stolon length, length and breadth of corm and weight of corm showed positive correlation with yield per plant of which single stolon weight and corm breadth showed significant positive correlation with yield per plant at phenotypic level. Stolon breadth exhibited significant positive correlation with yield per plant at genotypic level. The residual effect in the genotypic level was 0.2205 which indicated this character contributed 78% of the yield. Results obtained suggested that maximum emphasis should be given on characters in selecting panikachu genotypes with higher yield per plant and the residual effect in phenotypic level was 0.4235 indicating 58% variability contributed by these characters. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v37i2.17552 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 37, No. 2, 131-137, 2013

scholarly journals Estimates of Genetic Components for Yield and Related Traits in Cocoyam

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
KK Paul ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Peduncle Length

In the present investigation attempts were made to estimate genetic parameters for yield and its components in 315 genotypes of cocoyam collected from thirteen aroid growing districts. Plant height, petiole length, petiole breadth, leaf number, leaf length, leaf breadth, LAI, Inflorescence length, peduncle length, spathe length, spathe breadth, corm length, corm breadth, cormel number, cormel length, cormel breadth, corm weight, cormel weight, total fresh weight, total dry weight, yield per plant were taken in this study. Presence of significant differences together with wide ranges of variation indicates wide range of variability existed among the genotypes of cocoyam. Genotypic variances and coefficient of variation for most of the characters were remarkably higher than their corresponding environmental variances, which also indicate the existence of variation in genotypic level. Plant height, petiole length, leaf length, leaf breadth for cocoyam expressed high heritability with moderate to high genetic advance signalled heritable in nature. High heritability with high genetic advance in percentage of mean was also observed for plant height, petiole length, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i2.13150 The Agriculturists 2012; 10(2) 127-132

scholarly journals Correlation and path coefficient analysis in Giant Taro (Alocasia macrorrhiza L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
KK Paul ◽  
MA Bari ◽  
SC Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Phenotypic Character ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Inflorescence Length

Genotypic and phenotypic character associations as well as direct and indirect effects were estimated for eleven characters such as plant height, petiole length, petiole breadth, leaf area index, inflorescence length, spathe length, spathe breadth, corm length, corm breadth, corm weight and yield per plant, in giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhiza L). The results revealed that plant height, LAI, corm length, corm breadth, had positive correlation with yield per plant both at genotypic and phenotypic level. Relatively higher positive and direct effect was found through petiole length, LAI and corm length and yield per plant in genotypic level. The residual effect 0.4762 represent in genotypic level about 53 % of the variability observed for yield per plant was represented by these traits. In the phenotypic level highest and positive direct effect was observed with petiole length and yield per plant. Positive direct effect was also found on yield per plant by plant height, petiole length, inflorescence length, inflorescence number, spathe length and spathe breadth, corm length, corm breadth. The residual effect 0.4235 means that characters included in the present study explained about 58 % variability in yield per plant at phenotypic level.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(2), 117-122, 2015

scholarly journals Using occupancy models to assess the direct and indirect impacts of agricultural expansion on species’ populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 3669-3688
Author(s):  
Asunción Semper-Pascual ◽  
Julieta Decarre ◽  
Matthias Baumann ◽  
Micaela Camino ◽  
Yamil Di Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Occupancy Modelling

Abstract Land-use change is a global threat to biodiversity, but how land-use change affects species beyond the direct effect of habitat loss remains poorly understood. We developed an approach to isolate and map the direct and indirect effects of agricultural expansion on species of conservation concern, using the threatened giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) in the Gran Chaco as an example. We reconstructed anteater occupancy change between 1985 and 2015 by fitting single-season occupancy models with contemporary camera-trap data and backcasting the models to 1985 and 2000 land-cover/use maps. Based on this, we compared the area of forest loss (direct effect of agricultural expansion) with the area where forests remained but occupancy still declined (indirect effect of agricultural expansion). Anteater occupancy decreased substantially since 1985, particularly after 2000 when agriculture expanded rapidly. Between 1985 and 2015, ~ 64,000 km2 of forest disappeared, yet occupancy declined across a larger area (~ 102,000 km2), extending far into seemingly untransformed habitat. This suggests that widespread sink habitat has emerged due to agricultural land-use change, and that species may lose their habitat through direct and indirect effects of agricultural expansion, highlighting the urgent need for broad-scale conservation planning in the Chaco. Appropriate management responses could proactively protect more habitat where populations are stable, and restore habitat or address causes of mortality in areas where declines occur. Our work also highlights how occupancy modelling combined with remote sensing can help to detect the direct and indirect effects of agricultural expansion, providing guidance for spatially targeting conservation strategies to halt extinctions.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF SOCIAL SUPPORT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tülin Gençöz ◽  
Yeşim Özlale ◽  
Randy Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
University Students ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Undergraduate University Students

The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect effects of social support on psychological well-being. Social support was evaluated under two different categories which were named as Aid-Related and Appreciation-Related Socia+l Support. The first category was more related to potential for receiving help from others when needed, and being cared for by others, while the latter category was more related to being recognized by others as an efficient source of help and reassurance of worth. Undergraduate university students (N =342) served as subjects, and results revealed that aid-related social support and psychological well-being (i.e., alleviated depression symptoms) association was partially mediated by experiencing fewer life stresses. On the other hand, appreciation-related social support had a direct effect on psychological well-being. Implications of these results are discussed.

The Influence of Directive Strategies on Settlement Duration

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Sigmund Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Influence Strategies ◽  
Process Effects ◽  
Durable Peace

Are Directive Strategies in international disputes the most effective mediation method for obtaining durable peace? A standard statistical analysis shows no effect of Directive Strategies on settlement durability. This result however, is misleading, failing to take selection and indirect effects into account. In this article, I identify when selection and process effects reinforce or oppose each other. Directive Strategies have opposing negative selection and positive process effects, which can distort inferences about their influence. Strategies’ direct and indirect effects are also examined. Directive Strategies are more likely to lead to Full Settlements – the most comprehensive form of agreement, which improve the settlement durability (an indirect effect). However, Directive Strategies are used in more intractable disputes that result in fragile settlements (a direct effect). A statistical analysis of international disputes that takes these conflicting dynamics into account demonstrates the efficacy of Directive Mediation Strategies in producing durable agreements.

MO146RENAL FUNCTION MEDIATES THE EFFECT OF FLUID EXCESS ON LUNG CONGESTION IN PATIENTS WITH HFREF

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Popa ◽  
Radu Sascau ◽  
Cristian Statescu ◽  
Vlad Vasiliu ◽  
Andreea Neamtu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Fluid Overload ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Fluid Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
B Lines

Abstract Background and Aims Despite impressive improvements in treatment strategies, heart failure (HF) morbidity and mortality remain substantially high worldwide. Pulmonary congestion is considered the leading cause for hospital admissions and death among patients with HF. The aim of this study is to investigate if the effect of fluid status, as assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) on lung congestion is mediated by renal function, inflammation or cardiac function. Method This was a prospective observational study of outpatient adults referred for clinically indicated transthoracic echocardiograms at an academic hospital between 2016 and 2018. A left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 45% was required for inclusion (HFrEF). Mediation is the process through which an exposure causes disease. We hypothesized that some of the total effect of extracellular water (ECW) to intracellular water (ICW) (as assessed by bioimpedance) ratio on lung congestion (as assessed by lung ultrasonography) is mediated by C-reactive protein (CRP), left atrium volum index (LAVI) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) – the mediators. Results Our study included 153 patients. The mean age and eGFR values of the population at baseline were 67.1 years and 66.5 ml/min/1.73m2. The mean median value for CRP was 25.6 (IQR 9.0-56.4) mg/L. Figure 1 depicts the structural equation models with the calculated magnitude of the direct and indirect effects of ECW/ICW on the B-lines number in our population. In this model, the fluid status has both direct and indirect effects on lung congestion. Specifically, it has a direct effect on LAVI and eGFR, which in turn have a direct effect on the number of B-lines. Therefore, the indirect effect mediated by LAVI and eGFR accounts for a significant proportion of 27.6% of the total effect of ECW/ICW on lung congestion Although ECW/ICW has a direct effect on inflammation, this doesn’t have any effect on renal function or lung congestion. Conclusion We show that eGFR and LAVI partly mediate the effect of ECW/ICW on lung congestion in patients with HFrEF. While the deleterious effects of fluid overload on lung congestion have long been recognized, this study provides evidence for a relationship of significant magnitude linking fluid overload with decreased eGFR and increased LAVI, which in turn lead to elevations in the B-lines number. This work was supported by a grant of the Ministery of Research and Innovation, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P1-1.1-PD-2016-0287, within PNCDI III and by a grant of the “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, contract number 27505/2018.

Insulin inhibits glucose production by a direct effect in diabetic depancreatized dogs during euglycemia

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (5) ◽  
pp. E1002-E1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neehar Gupta ◽  
Harmanjit Sandhu ◽  
Tracy Goh ◽  
Keyur Shah ◽  
Stephanie R. Wiesenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Euglycemic Clamp ◽  
Glycemic Level ◽  
Hyperinsulinemic Euglycemic Clamp

In our previous studies in nondiabetic dogs and humans, insulin suppressed glucose production (GP) by both an indirect extrahepatic and a direct hepatic effect. However, insulin had no direct effect on GP in diabetic depancreatized dogs under conditions of moderate hyperglycemia. The present study was designed to investigate whether insulin can inhibit GP by a direct effect in this model under conditions of euglycemia. Depancreatized dogs were made euglycemic (∼6 mmol/l), rather than moderately hyperglycemic (∼10 mmol/l) as in our previous studies, by basal portal insulin infusion. After ∼100 min of euglycemia, a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp was performed by giving an additional infusion of insulin either portally (POR) or peripherally at about one-half the rate (½ PER) to match the peripheral venous insulin concentrations. The greater hepatic insulin load in POR resulted in greater suppression of GP (from 16.5 ± 1.8 to 12.2 ± 1.6 μmol · kg−1 · min−1) than ½ PER (from 17.8 ± 1.9 to 15.6 ± 2.0 μmol · kg−1 · min−1, P < 0.001 vs. POR), consistent with insulin having a direct hepatic effect in suppressing GP. We conclude that the direct effect of insulin to inhibit GP is present in diabetic depancreatized dogs under conditions of acutely induced euglycemia. These results suggest that, in diabetes, the prevailing glycemic level is a determinant of the balance between insulin's direct and indirect effects on GP.

scholarly journals Correlation and path analysis studies in Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrids Hort.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
T. Vetrivel ◽  
V. Lakshmanan ◽  
M. Jawaharlal
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
Horticultural Research

Correlation and path analysis were carried out in 12 varieties of gladiolus for different yield attributing traits at the Horticultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Yercaud. The results indicated that the Rachis length was positive and significantly correlated with mother corm weight (g), plant height at 60th days after planting (DAP) (cm), number of leaves per plant at 60th (DAP), length of spike (cm), weight of daughter corm (g) and vase life (days). But, it is negative and significantly correlated with number of days taken for first floret opening (rg: -0.714 & rp: -0.664), number of daughter corms per plant (rg: -0.826 & rp: -0.724) and marketable spikes per plant (rg: -0.561 & rp: -0.418) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. For path analysis the residual effect was 0.174 and it was evident that the highest direct effect on length of rachis was observed in case of mother corm size (0.951) and weight of the daughter corm (0.943), followed by number of daughter corms per plant (0.859), number of florets per spike (0.849), length of first floret (0.832), marketable spikes per plant (0.385), number of leaves per plant at 60th DAP (0.384), diameter of first floret (0.374) and length of spike (0.221) under Shevaroys conditions

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