scholarly journals Genotypic variations in growth, yield and yield components of soybean genotypes under drought stress conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Chowdhury ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
QA Khaliq ◽  
ARM Solaiman ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
And Control

A pot experiment was carried out in a venylhouse at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman University during 2012 to investigate the growth, yield and yield contributing characters of ten selected soybean genotypes viz. Shohag, BARI Soybean-6, BARI Soybean-5, BD2331, BD2329, BD2336, BD 2340, BGM2093, G00015 and BGM2026 under drought stress and control conditions. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, shoot and root dry weight of all the genotypes were significantly affected by the stress. Among the genotypes Shohag, BARI Soybean-6 and BD2331 were found tolerant in relation to the growth under water stress conditions. The reduction in RGR values was more in the susceptible genotypes at the later stages of growth than in the tolerant genotypes. Seed yield of the genotypes was reduced from 42 to 68% due to drought (water) over non-stress. Susceptible genotypes showed greater reduction in seed yield than the tolerant genotypes.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 537-550, December 2015

scholarly journals Co-inoculation of rhizobacteria promotes growth, yield, and nutrient contents in soybean and improves soil enzymes and nutrients under drought conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilfuza Jabborova ◽  
Annapurna Kannepalli ◽  
Kakhramon Davranov ◽  
Abdujalil Narimanov ◽  
Yuriy Enakiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Drought Conditions

AbstractDrought stress is the major abiotic factor limiting crop production. Co-inoculating crops with nitrogen fixing bacteria and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improves plant growth and increases drought tolerance in arid or semiarid areas. Soybean is a major source of high-quality protein and oil for humans. It is susceptible to drought stress conditions. The co-inoculation of drought-stressed soybean with nodulating rhizobia and root-colonizing, PGPR improves the root and the shoot growth, formation of nodules, and nitrogen fixation capacity in soybean. The present study was aimed to observe if the co-inoculation of soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr.) nodulating with Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and PGPR Pseudomonas putida NUU8 can enhance drought tolerance, nodulation, plant growth, and nutrient uptake under drought conditions. The results of the study showed that co-inoculation with B. japonicum USDA110 and P. putida NUU8 gave more benefits in nodulation and growth of soybean compared to plants inoculated with B. japonicum USDA110 alone and uninoculated control. Under drought conditions, co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced the root length by 56%, shoot length by 33%, root dry weight by 47%, shoot dry weight by 48%, and nodule number 17% compared to the control under drought-stressed. Co-inoculation with B. japonicum, USDA 110 and P. putida NUU8 significantly enhanced plant and soil nutrients and soil enzymes compared to control under normal and drought stress conditions. The synergistic use of B. japonicum USDA110 and P. putida NUU8 improves plant growth and nodulation of soybean under drought stress conditions. The results suggested that these strains could be used to formulate a consortium of biofertilizers for sustainable production of soybean under drought-stressed field conditions.

scholarly journals High Phosphorus Acquisition and Allocation Strategy Is Associated with Soybean Seed Yield under Water- and P-Limited Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Yun-Yin Feng ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Feng-Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
P Acquisition ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Water Treatments

Both water stress and P deficit limit soybean seed yield, but the effects of water regimes and P application rates, their interaction on P status, acquisition, and partitioning, and their roles in yield performance have not been well-studied. Two soybean genotypes (Huangsedadou (HD) and Zhonghuang 30 (ZH)) with contrasting seed yield and root dry weight (DW) were used to investigate the P status, P acquisition, P partitioning, and yield formation under two water regimes (well-watered (WW) and cyclic water stress (WS)) and three P rates (0 (P0), 60 (P60), and 120 (P120) mg P kg−1 dry soil). The results show that increased P and water supply increased the seed yield, shoot and root DW and P concentrations and accumulations in different organs. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher seed yield than HD at P60 and P120 under WS and at P0 under WW, but a lower seed yield at P60 and P120 under WW. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher P harvest index and P acquisition efficiency, but a significantly lower shoot and root DW than HD. The interaction between water treatments and P rates had significant effects on leaf and stem P concentration. Cultivar ZH had significantly lower P partitioning to leaves and stems but significantly higher P partitioning to seeds than HD. The seed yield was positively correlated with leaf and seed P accumulations and P acquisition efficiency under WS. We conclude that (1) adequate water supply improved the P mobilization from leaves and stems at maturity, which may have improved the seed yield; and (2) the high P acquisition efficiency is coordination to high P partition to seeds to produce a high seed yield under water- and P-limited conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Iron and Zinc Spray on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Drought Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Monjezi ◽  
F. Vazin ◽  
M. Hassanzadehdelouei
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Abstract In hot and arid regions, drought stress is considered as one of the main reasons for yield reduction. To study the effect of drought stress, iron and zinc spray on the yield and yield components of wheat, an experiment was carried out during the crop seasons of 2010 and 2011 on Shahid Salemi Farm in Ahwaz as a split factorial within randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots with irrigation factor and three levels were considered: Level A) full irrigation, Level B) stopping irrigation at pollination step, and Level C) stopping irrigation at the seed filling stage. Subsidiary plots were considered with and without iron and zinc spray. Influencing the seed filling process, in interaction with iron, wich is an important leaf's chlorophyll cation, zinc increased the seed yield. The drought stress reduced the thousand kernels weight (TKW) and the number of seeds per spike increased about 24% and 8.5% more than the one of control treatment, respectively. Using iron, as compared with control treatment, causes the increase of thousand kernels weight from 45.71 to 46.83 grams and the increase of spike from 49.51 to 51.73. Zinc spray increased seed yield and thousand kernels weight. The results obtained from the present research showed that iron and zinc spray has fairly improved the effects caused by drought stress.

Germination, Growth, Development, and Control of Camphorweed(Heterotheca subaxillaris)

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Awang ◽  
T. J. Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Heterotheca Subaxillaris ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
And Control

Germination studies on camphorweed [Heterotheca subaxillaris(Lam.) Britt. & Rusby] revealed that freshly harvested disk achenes germinated best at 17.5 C (88%) while ray achenes were dormant. Camphorweed seed from disk achenes also germinated at temperatures as low as 3 C. Seedlings grown under long-day conditions at 23 C day and 8 C night temperatures for 144 days elongated at the rate of 0.18 cm/day. Plants grown under short-day conditions at the same temperature regime elongated at the rate of 0.06 cm/day. Total leaf surface area, fresh weight, and dry weight of shoots of plants grown under long days were at least 1.5 times greater than plants grown under short day conditions. Camphorweed, regardless of size and age, survived a 2-h exposure at −5 C. All plants in the rosette stage survived at −15 C in the freezer and an overnight temperature of −11.7 C in the field, whereas larger plants were killed at these temperatures. Stage of growth was an important factor in the herbicidal control of camphorweed. Plants in the rosette stage were generally more susceptible to herbicides than older plants. Simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] at 3.4 kg/ha, paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bypyridinium ion) at 0.6 kg/ha, methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione] at 5.0 kg/ha, and a formulated mix of diuron [3–3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] and terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) at 4.5 kg/ha provided adequate control of camphorweed in the rosette stage. Asulam (methyl sulfanilylcarbamate) at 2.2 or 4.5 kg/ha applied alone did not control camphorweed in the rosette form but was more effective on older plants. Various combinations of these herbicides were generally effective at both stages of growth.

Evaluation of the Superabsorbent Effect on the Yield and Some Growth Factors of Pisum sativum L. under Drought Stress Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Farahnaz A. Norodinvand ◽  
Davoud K. Dehkordi ◽  
Aslan Egdernezhad
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogel ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Background: Deficit irrigation is an optimum technique for producing products under drought stress conditions. The superabsorbent hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer with cross-linked 3-D hydrophilic nets that are able to take up and keep noteworthy values of water and aquatic liquids. Recently published patents have provided significant information about the superabsorbent application in agriculture. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the superabsorbent effect on the yield and some of the growth factors of Pisum sativum L. under drought stress conditions. Methods: The experimental factors included: irrigation treatments at two levels of 100% and 75% water requirement by the plant. The second factor included the levels of superabsorbent application which included three levels of control treatment, potting soil with a weight percentage of 0.5 and 1. The third factor was the location of the superabsorbent application. Results: According to the results, the largest root length value corresponded to I2S1U treatment plan, the largest root dry weight value corresponded to I1S2U treatment plan, the largest plant dry weight corresponded to I2S1U treatment plan, the largest grain dry weight corresponded to I2S1U treatment plan, the largest number of grains per pod corresponded to I2S2U treatment plan and the largest number of pods per plant corresponded to I2S1U treatment plan which were significant at 5% level. Conclusion: It was concluded that the presence of the superabsorbent at the lower end of the pot was effective in providing water and nutrients for the plant root.

Water status and yield of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) subjected to water stress during four stages of development

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sionit
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Total Dry Weight

SummaryThe effects on seed yield of two levels of water stress at four stages of development were investigated in two varieties of sunflower, Krasnodarets and Record. The plants were grown from seed in large pots in an air-conditioned glasshouse at 26/20 °C and 70% relative humidity, with natural summer illumination. They were subjected to water stress before head formation, during head formation, during flowering, and during seed development.The leaf water potential of plants subjected to a water stress of – 16 bars returned to normal after rewatering, but plants subjected to – 23 bars did not return to their prestress level and some leaves died. A water stress of – 16 bars caused no significant reduction in dry weight of the vegetative structures, but stress at all stages of growth reduced seed yield. A water stress of – 23 bars reduced both total dry weight and seed yield at all stages of growth, seed yield being reduced more by a stress of – 23 bars than of – 16 bars. Oil content was slightly reduced by water stress.Water stress during anthesis reduced sunflower seed yield more than during later stages of development.

EFFECTS OF FUMIGATION AND FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND MYCORRHIZAE IN WHITE BEAN AND SOYBEAN

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. BUTTERY ◽  
S. J. PARK ◽  
W. I. FINDLAY ◽  
B. N. DHANVANTARI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Plant dry weight of samples taken during the 1984 growing season, and seed yield of white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in 1986, increased with an increase in N fertilizer. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) did not respond to N level except for a depression of nodule weights with increase in fertilizer N, which also occurred in white bean. Soybean had a greater weight of nodules, which formed a higher proportion of plant dry weight than in white bean, especially at high N levels. Soil fumigation reduced nodule weights of both species at 38 d after seeding (DAS) and of soybean at 64 DAS. Fumigation also reduced vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) in both species. Fumigation lowered P concentration in leaf tissue of both species in −PK plots but not in +PK plots. Fumigation increased seed yield in +PK plots, but lowered yield in −PK plots. Reduction of competition from other soil micro-organisms by fumigation did not improve nodulation. The effects of fumigation on yield could be explained by destruction of the VAM, which were beneficial in −PK plots (by aiding uptake of P), but were not beneficial in +PK plots.Key words: Soybean, bean (white, common), nitrogen, phosphorus, mycorrhiza, nodulation

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